Feminae: Medieval Women and Gender Index

214 Record(s) Found in our database

SEE ALSO: active orders contemplative orders monasticism

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1. Record Number: 45037
Author(s): Enders, Jody
Contributor(s):
Title : Immaculate Deception, or, Nuns Behaving Badly [Farce nouvelle à cinq parsonnages] (Soeur Fessue) (RLV, #38;)

Source: Immaculate Deception and Further Ribaldries: Yet Another Dozen Medieval French Farces in Modern English. Edited by Jody Enders, ed. and trans . University of Pennsylvania Press, 2022. Pages 316 - 344. Available with a subscription from JSTOR: https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv25j12t8.19
Year of Publication: 2022.

2. Record Number: 45236
Author(s): Judah ben Samuel and Elisheva Baumgarten
Contributor(s):
Title : Jewish Women in a Christian Monastery

Source: Jewish Everyday Life in Medieval Northern Europe, 1080-1350: A Sourcebook. Edited by Tzafrir Barzilay, Eyal Levinson, and Elisheva Baumgarten. The text is introduced by Elisheva Baumgarten and comes from Sefer Hasidim, Parma, ed. Judah Wistenetski (Frankfurt: M. A. Wahrmann, 1924), §262. . 2022. Pages 135 - 136. The book is available open access: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/mip_teamsdp/9/
Year of Publication: 2022.

3. Record Number: 45032
Author(s): Archambeau, Nicole,
Contributor(s):
Title : Sister Resens de Insula and the Desire for Certainty

Source: Souls under Siege: Stories of War, Plague, and Confession in Fourteenth-Century Provence. Nicole Archambeau . Cornell University Press, 2021. Pages 144 - 162. Available with a subscription from JSTOR: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7591/j.ctv12sdw0s.14
Year of Publication: 2021.

4. Record Number: 44375
Author(s): Kirakosian, Racha
Contributor(s):
Title : The Life of Christina of Hane

Source: The Life of Christina of Hane Racha Kirakosian, translator . Yale University Press, 2020. Pages 1 - 124. The book is available with a subscription from JSTOR and from Yale University Press: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv18sqz5n
Year of Publication: 2020.

5. Record Number: 40973
Author(s): Beach, Alison I., Anita Radini, and Monica Tromp
Contributor(s):
Title : Medieval Women’s Early Involvement in Manuscript Production Suggested by Lapis Lazuli Identification in Dental Calculus

Source: Science Advances , 5., 1 ( 2019): Pages 1 - 8. Available online open access: http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/1/eaau7126 through the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license.
Year of Publication: 2019.

6. Record Number: 43262
Author(s): Wetter, Evelin,
Contributor(s):
Title : Clothing for a Marriage Made in Heaven: The Role of Textiles in Ecclesiastical Consecration Rites

Source: Arrayed in Splendour: Art, Fashion, and Textiles in Medieval and Early Modern Europe. Edited by Christoph Brachmann . Brepols, 2019. Science Advances , 5., 1 ( 2019): Pages 25 - 57.
Year of Publication: 2019.

7. Record Number: 43638
Author(s): Innes-Parker, Catherine,
Contributor(s):
Title : Translation and Reform: Le Livre de larbre de la croix Jhesucrist and the Nuns of Montmartre

Source: Nuns' Literacies in Medieval Europe: The Antwerp Dialogue. Edited by Virginia Blanton, Veronica O'Mara and Patricia Stoop . Brepols, 2017. Science Advances , 5., 1 ( 2019): Pages 273 - 296. Available with a subscription: https://doi.org/10.1484/M.MWTC-EB.5.112678
Year of Publication: 2017.

8. Record Number: 29622
Author(s): Cignoni, Arianna Pecorini
Contributor(s):
Title : Fondazioni francescane femminili nella Provincia Tusciae del XIII secolo [The Franciscan province of Tuscany was founded in 1217, and its first list of nuns' houses dates to 1228. This article gives information about twenty Franciscan women's monasteries in the province, few of which survive today. Most of these monasteries we

Source: Collectanea Franciscana , 80., 1-2 ( 2010): Pages 181 - 206.
Year of Publication: 2010.

9. Record Number: 30087
Author(s): Schlotheuber, Eva
Contributor(s):
Title : Best Clothes and Everyday Attire of Late Medieval Nuns

Source: Fashion and Clothing in Late Medieval Europe/ Mode und Kleidung im Europa des späten Mittelalters. Edited by Regula Schorta and Rainer C. Schwinges . Abegg-Stiftung/Schwabe Verlag, 2010. Collectanea Franciscana , 80., 1-2 ( 2010): Pages 139 - 154.
Year of Publication: 2010.

10. Record Number: 31270
Author(s): Leander, Archbishop of Seville, Saint
Contributor(s): Martyn, John R. C., trans.
Title : On the Teaching of Nuns and Contempt for the Other World

Source: A Book on the Teaching of Nuns and a Homily in Praise of the Church. Leander, Archbishop of Sevilla Edited by John R. C. Martyn . Lexington Books, 2009. Collectanea Franciscana , 80., 1-2 ( 2010): Pages 62 - 132.
Year of Publication: 2009.

11. Record Number: 24109
Author(s): Lisciotto, Donatella
Contributor(s):
Title : L'origine del monasterio di Montevergine in Messina [Eustochia Calafetto left a monastery of Poor Clares to found one that followed the strictest version of the order’s life. Many of her nuns came from important families, and their increasing numbers required expansion of the original monastery. The monastery benefited from Eustochia’s reputation for sanctity, but eventually it became less rigorous in the observances that she had promoted. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Collectanea Franciscana , 78., 1-2 ( 2008): Pages 685 - 700.
Year of Publication: 2008.

12. Record Number: 20867
Author(s): Cooke, Jessica
Contributor(s):
Title : De Catherina Beata da Bologna di Sabadino degli Arienti (1472) [In his “Gynevera,” Sabadino degli Arienti wrote a life of Caterina Vigri of Bologna. It was heavily paraphrased from a life by Suor Illuminata Bembo. Sabadino degli Arienti wrote the account as part of a collection of lives which he dedicated to Ginevra Sforza Bentivoglio, a member of Bologna’s ruling family. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Hagiographica: Rivista di agiografia e biografia della società internazionale per lo studio del Medioevo Latino/ Journal of Hagiography and Biography of Società Internazionale per lo studio del Medioevo Latino , 14., ( 2007): Pages 231 - 241.
Year of Publication: 2007.

13. Record Number: 20336
Author(s): Bertini Malgiarini, Patrizia and Ugo Vignuzzi
Contributor(s):
Title : Matilde a Helfta, Melchiade in Umbria (e oltre): un antico volgarizzamento umbro del "Liber specialis gratiae" [Mechthild von Hackeborn's "Liber specialis gratiae" was translated into Italian in the 15th or 16th century. It probably was made for nuns. The translation renames Mechthild "Melchiadis," as do other non-German versions. The appendix provides a compariso

Source: Dire l'ineffabile: Caterina da Siena e il linguaggio della mistica. Edited by Lino Leonardi and Pietro Trifone . Edizioni del Galluzzo, 2006. Hagiographica: Rivista di agiografia e biografia della società internazionale per lo studio del Medioevo Latino/ Journal of Hagiography and Biography of Società Internazionale per lo studio del Medioevo Latino , 14., ( 2007): Pages 291 - 307.
Year of Publication: 2006.

14. Record Number: 18624
Author(s): Bradbrooke, S. M. and W. G. Wiseman
Contributor(s):
Title : Margaret Prestwich and the Priory of Seaton

Source: Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archeological Society. Third Series , 6., ( 2006): Pages 77 - 87.
Year of Publication: 2006.

15. Record Number: 11529
Author(s): Barclay-Lloyd, Joan E.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Church and Monastery of S. Pancrazio, Rome [In 1204 Innocent III crowned Peter II of Aragon at San Pancrazio outside Rome. San Pancrazio had been a Benedictine monastery since the late 6th century, but the monks were replaced by a group of penitent women in 1255. These women became Cistercians shortly thereafter, remaining until Ambrosian Friars replaced them in 1438. The 13th-century reduction of the church to a single nave without side aisles and divided by a screen wall may represent adaptation to the need of these nuns for more privacy. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Pope, Church and City: Essays in Honour of Brenda M. Bolton. Edited by Frances Andrews, Christoph Egger and Constance M. Rousseau Medieval Mediterranean . Brill, 2004. Cîteaux: Revue d'Histoire Cistercienne , 55., 40241 ( 2004): Pages 245 - 266.
Year of Publication: 2004.

16. Record Number: 12852
Author(s): Bernardi, Simonetta.
Contributor(s):
Title : Testimoni di santita: I notai nel codicetto dei miracoli di Santa Sperandia (1276-1278) [A 14th-century manuscript records miracles of the Umbrian hermit Sperandia in a legalistic format signed by notaries. All the stories date to the period after the saint's death in the 13th century and relate to the part of Cingoli in which she was buried. The monastery honoring Sperandia was absorbed by San Marco, a nearby house of nuns,in the 14th century. The documents, besides honoring the saint, indicate the development of the region of Cingoli surrounding San Marco. Appendix: Archive of the Monastery of Santa Sperandia.Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Notai, miracoli e culto dei santi: pubblicita e autenticazione del sacro tra XII e XV secolo, Atti del Seminario internazionale, Roma, 5-7 dicembre 2002. Edited by Raimondo Michetti . Dott. A. Giuffre editore, 2004. Cîteaux: Revue d'Histoire Cistercienne , 55., 40241 ( 2004): Pages 561 - 585.
Year of Publication: 2004.

17. Record Number: 15871
Author(s): Piatti, Pierantonio.
Contributor(s):
Title : Augustinianae mulieres: "Un problema storiografico: il "moveimento femminile agostiniano" nel Medioevo tra carisma ed istituzione [The Augustinian hermits, like the other mendicant orders, were mostly based in cities and towns. One of their roles was spiritual direction of pious women, both nuns and tertiaries. The hermits promoted the cult of Saint Monica, the mother of Augustine of Hippo. They also adapted the Rule of Augustine for use by women connected to the order. The hermits, however, issued few regulations for the care of these women. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Quaderni Medievali , 58., (dicembre 2004): Pages 43 - 61.
Year of Publication: 2004.

18. Record Number: 20787
Author(s): Fleck, Cathleen A
Contributor(s):
Title : Blessed the eyes that see those things you see: The Trecento Choir Frescoes at Santa Maria Donnaregina in Naples [Describes the events depicted in the fresco cycles of the monastery, and makes connections between the relationship of the nun's agency as viewer of the frescoes to her relationship with the male mendicant orders of the monastery. Also examines how the content of the frescoes alludes to increases in women's literacy in Naples during this period. Title note supplied by Femiane.].

Source: Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte , 67., ( 2004): Pages 201 - 224.
Year of Publication: 2004.

19. Record Number: 14096
Author(s): Freeman, Elizabeth.
Contributor(s):
Title : Houses of a Peculiar Order: Cistercian Nunneries in Medieval England, with Special Attention to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries [Only two English women's monasteries, Marham and Tarrant, were officially incorporated as Cistercian houses. However, visitation records, mortuary rolls, and other evidence document unofficial houses for women that claimed Cistercian privileges. Freeman

Source: Cîteaux: Revue d'Histoire Cistercienne , 55., 40241 ( 2004): Pages 245 - 287.
Year of Publication: 2004.

20. Record Number: 10748
Author(s): Carroll, Jane L.
Contributor(s):
Title : Woven Devotions: Reform and Piety in Tapestries by Dominican Nuns [The author examines two tapestries that were produced by Dominican nuns in Germany. Both have small depictions of nuns working at looms in the margins. Carroll suggests that these images are part self-portraits, part devotional images, while also serving as exemplars of the Dominican reform for a "vita activa" that avoided luxury and sloth. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Saints, Sinners, and Sisters: Gender and Northern Art in Medieval and Early Modern Europe. Edited by Jane L. Carroll and Alison G. Stewart . Ashgate, 2003. Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte , 67., ( 2004): Pages 182 - 201.
Year of Publication: 2003.

21. Record Number: 10781
Author(s): Schmidt, Peter.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Use of Prints in German Convents of the Fifteenth Century: The Example of Nuremberg [The author focuses on the uses made by nuns in the Dominican house, the Katharinenkloster. Schmidt argues that the woodcuts were a medium of communication among nuns as well as between confessors and their female penitents. Title note supplied by Feminae

Source: Studies in Iconography , 24., ( 2003): Pages 43 - 69.
Year of Publication: 2003.

22. Record Number: 7914
Author(s): Simonetti, Adele.
Contributor(s):
Title : Margherita da Faenza tra storia e agiografia [Margherita of Faenza, an early abbess of the monastery founded by Umiltà of Faenza, lived in tension betwen her spiritual life and monastic business. Her biographers depict Margherita as achieving harmony between these tensions. The early lives of Marghe

Source: Hagiographica: Rivista di agiografia e biografia della società internazionale per lo studio del Medioevo Latino/ Journal of Hagiography and Biography of Società Internazionale per lo studio del Medioevo Latino , 9., ( 2002): Pages 161 - 206.
Year of Publication: 2002.

23. Record Number: 10517
Author(s): Hotchin, Julie.
Contributor(s):
Title : Abbot as Guardian and Cultivator of Virtues: Two Perspectives on the "cura monialium" in Practice [The author explores two twelfth century letters from the abbey of Reinhandsbrunn concerning the pastoral care of nuns. The first is from a papal legate to the abbey's abbot answering his concerns about providing spiritual direction for the women at his monastery. The second letter is from the abbess of a nearby female house asking Reinhandsbrunn for one of its monks as a spiritual director. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Our Medieval Heritage: Essays in Honour of John Tillotson for His 60th Birthday. Edited by Linda Rasmussen, Valerie Spear, and Dianne Tillotson . Merton Priory Press, 2002. Studies in Iconography , 24., ( 2003): Pages 50 - 64.
Year of Publication: 2002.

24. Record Number: 11418
Author(s): Klaniczay, Gábor
Contributor(s):
Title : Le stigmate di santa Margherita d'Ungheria: immagini e testi [The earliest sources for Margaret of Hungary, a princess who became a Dominican nun, do not mention her stigmata. Reports of her reciept of the Stigmata were rejected by Tommaso Caffarini, but defenders of the story can be found as late as the sixteenth century. The earliest depictions of Margaret usually lack the stigmata, but a royal crown often is shown at her feet or on her head. Dominican claims to stigmatics threatened Franciscan ideas of their founder as "another Christ" ("alter Christus"), and questions about Margaret became intertwined with disputes over the stigmata of Catherine of Siena. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Iconographica , 1., ( 2002): Pages 16 - 31.
Year of Publication: 2002.

25. Record Number: 7270
Author(s): Beach, Alison I.
Contributor(s):
Title : Voices from a Distant Land: Fragments of a Twelfth-Century Nuns' Letter Collection [The author has identified nineteen full or partial letters written by nuns at Admont. Some are routine correspondence relating to patronage, but others are of a personal nature including a mother who wants her young daughter brought to her and a nun who

Source: Speculum , 77., 1 (January 2002): Pages 34 - 54.
Year of Publication: 2002.

26. Record Number: 8085
Author(s): Strocchia, Sharon T.
Contributor(s):
Title : Naming a Nun: Spiritual Exemplars and Corporate Identity in Florentine Convents, 1450-1530 [A newly professed nun frequently took a new name to mark her separation from the world and integration into a monastic community. This practice only slowly became common, especially for older girls entering monasteries. By the end of the fifteenth century, the practice, once sporadic, had become the norm. Names with classical or literary resonances were among those most frequently changed to more pious ones. Communities controlled their own naming practices, recycling the names of respected sisters for generations. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Society and Individual in Renaissance Florence. Edited by William J. Connell . University of California Press, 2002. Speculum , 77., 1 (January 2002): Pages 215 - 240.
Year of Publication: 2002.

27. Record Number: 7833
Author(s): Sluhovsky, Moshe.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Devil in the Convent

Source: American Historical Review , 107., 5 (December 2002): Pages 1378 - 1411.
Year of Publication: 2002.

28. Record Number: 9511
Author(s): Wiberg Pedersen, Else Marie
Contributor(s):
Title : Can God Speak in the Vernacular? On Beatrice of Nazareth's Flemish Exposition of the Love for God [The author examines the "Seven manieren van heiliger Minnen," a vernacular text written by Beatrice, a prioress of the Cistercian convent of Nazareth in present day Belgium near Antwerp. Wiberg Pedersen also looks at Beatrice's "vita," written in Latin by an unknown monk. The monk also translated her "Seven manieren" text into Latin for inclusion with the "vita." Wiberg Pedersen argues that the Church was frequently uncomfortable with women who wrote theological texts, particularly in the vernacular. Nevertheless Beatrice and other "mulieres religiosae" found various orthodox outlets for their writings. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: The Vernacular Spirit: Essays on Medieval Religious Literature. Edited by Renate Blumenfeld-Kosinski, Duncan Robertson, and Nancy Bradley Warren . The New Middle Ages series. Palgrave, 2002. American Historical Review , 107., 5 (December 2002): Pages 185 - 208.
Year of Publication: 2002.

29. Record Number: 8441
Author(s): Gradowicz-Pancer, Nira.
Contributor(s):
Title : De-gendering Female Violence: Merovingian Female Honour as an "Exchange of Violence"

Source: Early Medieval Europe , 11., 1 ( 2002): Pages 1 - 18.
Year of Publication: 2002.

30. Record Number: 7066
Author(s): Debby, Nirit Ben-Aryeh
Contributor(s):
Title : The Preacher as Women's Mentor [Although a preacher like the Dominican Observant Giovanni Dominici guided women's lives, his audience also influenced him. Dominici's sermons praised the patriarchal family and procreation, while decrying all extramarital sex. He also criticized girls who became nuns for the wrong reasons, including the lack of a suitable husband. Dominici shared the misogyny of his age, but he showed an intimate awareness of women's situations and concerns. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Preacher, Sermon and Audience in the Middle Ages. Edited by Carolyn Muessig . Brill, 2002. Early Medieval Europe , 11., 1 ( 2002): Pages 229 - 254.
Year of Publication: 2002.

31. Record Number: 10786
Author(s): Barefield, Laura.
Contributor(s):
Title : Lineage and Women's Patronage: Mary of Woodstock and Nicholas Trevet's "Les Cronicles" [The author explores Mary of Woodstock's impact as patron of a history that regularly took account of women in its listings of lineage. In this way, the author argues, aristocratic women displayed their power and preserved a record for their female descendants. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Medieval Feminist Forum , 33., (Spring 2002): Pages 21 - 30.
Year of Publication: 2002.

32. Record Number: 9512
Author(s): Wiethaus, Ulrike.
Contributor(s):
Title : Thieves and Carnivals: Gender in German Dominican Literature of the Fourteenth Century [The author examines two autobiographical vernacular texts from Margarete Ebner and Heinrich Seuse. She argues that Seuse was concerned in part with disciplining nuns under his care and showing that female spirituality was inferior to his more intellectual approach. Ebner, on the other hand, wrote a spiritual manual for the nuns in her house in order to enhance their daily practices. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: The Vernacular Spirit: Essays on Medieval Religious Literature. Edited by Renate Blumenfeld-Kosinski, Duncan Robertson, and Nancy Bradley Warren . The New Middle Ages series. Palgrave, 2002. Medieval Feminist Forum , 33., (Spring 2002): Pages 209 - 238.
Year of Publication: 2002.

33. Record Number: 4770
Author(s): Koslin, Desiree.
Contributor(s):
Title : Initiation, Robing, and Veiling of Nuns in the Middle Ages

Source: Robes and Honor: The Medieval World of Investiture. Edited by Stewart Gordon . Palgrave, 2001. Pages 255 - 274.
Year of Publication: 2001.

34. Record Number: 6717
Author(s): Power, Kim E.
Contributor(s):
Title : From Ecclesiology to Mariology: Patristic Traces and Innovation in the "Speculum virginum"

35. Record Number: 6719
Author(s): Jeffreys, Catherine.
Contributor(s):
Title : Listen, Daughters of Light: The Epithalamium and Musical Innovation in Twelfth-Century Germany

36. Record Number: 6722
Author(s): Bos, Elisabeth.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Literature of Spiritual Formation for Women in France and England, 1080-1180 [The author draws on letters written by such notable ecclesiastics as Peter the Venerable, Anselm, and Bernard of Clairvaux to nuns and to secular women, offering them advice on their spiritual problems].

37. Record Number: 7053
Author(s): Cristellon, Cecilia.
Contributor(s):
Title : La sposa in convento (Padova e Venezia 1455-1458) [Maddalena di Sicilia tried to end her union with Giorgio Zaccarotto by entering a monastery. The case over this marriage was heard by ecclesiastical judges in Padua and Venice. Giorgio based his claim to Maddalena on consummation. Maddalena blamed family pressure that made her lie about her being of sufficient age for sexual relations. Her plea was successful, and she remained a nun. (Additional documentation on CD-ROM accompanying the book). Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Matrimoni in dubbio: unioni controverse e nozze clandestine in Italia dal XIV al XVIII secolo. Edited by Silvana Seidel Menchi and Diego Quaglioni . Mulino, 2001. Pages 123 - 148.
Year of Publication: 2001.

38. Record Number: 7054
Author(s): Benussi, Paola.
Contributor(s):
Title : Oltre il processo: itinerari di ricerca intorno al matrimonio controverso di Giorgio Zaccarotto e Maddalena di Sicilia (Padova e Venezia 1455-1458) [The archives of San Mattia, Padua, reveal that Maddalena di Sicilia was an illegitimate child naturalized as her father's heir. The girl was married off at age 11 despite her desire to become a nun. In the end, Maddalena stayed at San Mattia as a nun. Gi

39. Record Number: 7055
Author(s): Minnucci, Giovanni.
Contributor(s):
Title : Simpliciter et de plamno, ac sine sterpitu et figura iudicii: il processo di ità matrimoniale vertente Giorgio Zaccarotto e Maddalena di Sicilia (Padova e Venezia 1455-1458): una lettura storico-giuridica [Fantino Dandolo, bishop of Padua, was excluded from the Zaccarotto-di Sicilia case on the grounds that he wanted the girl’s dowry for the Church. Nonetheless, the judge in Venice ruled against the validity of the marriage, and Maddalena remained a nun. Maddalena's age at the time of marriage (11 years old) and proof of Zaccarotto's failure to consummate - despite his claim to the contrary - told in the girl's favor. (Additional documentation on CD-ROM accompanying the book). Title note supplied by Feminae.].

40. Record Number: 6716
Author(s): Hotchin, Julie.
Contributor(s):
Title : Female Religious Life and the "Cura Monialium" in Hirsau Monasticism, 1080 to 1150

Source: Listen, Daughter: The "Speculum virginum" and the Formation of Religious Women in the Middle Ages. Edited by Constant J. Mews . The New Middle Ages Series. Palgrave, 2001. Iconographica , 1., ( 2002): Pages 59 - 83.
Year of Publication: 2001.

41. Record Number: 6449
Author(s): Spear, Valerie.
Contributor(s):
Title : A Canterbury Lament [the author analyzes a petition (transcribed and translated in the Appendix) sent from prioresses and abbesses to the king complaining about the advantages their ecclesiastical guardians were taking of them, charging them unfair fees and forcing them to take in new nuns when they had neither the space nor the money for them; the author argues that the petition demonstrates how the nuns could appropriate both religious and non-religious discourse to try to remedy their situation].

Source: Parergon: Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association for Medieval and Early Modern Studies, New Series , 18., 3 (July 2001): Pages 15 - 36.
Year of Publication: 2001.

42. Record Number: 6718
Author(s): Powell, Morgan.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Speculum virginum and the Audio-Visual Poetics of Women's Religious Instruction

Source: Listen, Daughter: The "Speculum virginum" and the Formation of Religious Women in the Middle Ages. Edited by Constant J. Mews . The New Middle Ages Series. Palgrave, 2001. Parergon: Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association for Medieval and Early Modern Studies, New Series , 18., 3 (July 2001): Pages 59 - 83.
Year of Publication: 2001.

43. Record Number: 5539
Author(s): Baader, Gerhard.
Contributor(s):
Title : Elections of Abbesses and Notions of Identity in Fifteenth- and Sixteenth-Century Italy, with Special Reference to Venice

Source: Renaissance Quarterly (Full Text via JSTOR) 54, 2 (Summer 2001): 389-429. Link Info
Year of Publication: 2001.

44. Record Number: 6724
Author(s): Küsters, Urban.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Second Blossoming of a Text: The "Spieghel der Maechden" and the Modern Devotion

45. Record Number: 6714
Author(s): Mews, Constant J.
Contributor(s):
Title : Virginity, Theology, and Pedagogy in the "Speculum Virginum"

46. Record Number: 6720
Author(s): Pinder, Janice M.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Cloister and the Garden: Gendered Images of Religious Life from the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries

47. Record Number: 6723
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Herrad of Hohenbourg: A Synthesis of Learning in "The Garden of Delights"

48. Record Number: 5540
Author(s): Radke, Gary M.
Contributor(s):
Title : Nuns and Their Art: The Case of San Zaccaria in Renaissance Venice [the nuns of San Zaccaria, mostly of good birth, had a symbiotic relationship with the city of Venice; public and private interests supported the nuns; and they responded by, among other things, patronizing art that was seen by visitors to their church; during the fifteenth century the nuns both redecorated their original church and, in the 1460s, built a new church alongside the old; the nuns not only funded these projects, they supervised the work to see that their wishes were heeded].

Source: Renaissance Quarterly (Full Text via JSTOR) 54, 2 (Summer 2001): 430-459. Link Info
Year of Publication: 2001.

49. Record Number: 6721
Author(s): Flanagan, Sabina.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Speculum virginum and Traditions of Medieval Dialogue

50. Record Number: 6715
Author(s): Seyfarth, Jutta.
Contributor(s):
Title : The "Speculum virginum": The Testimony of the Manuscripts

51. Record Number: 5445
Author(s): Medioli, Francesca.
Contributor(s):
Title : To Take or Not to Take the Veil: Selected Italian Case Histories, the Renaissance and After [The author briefly surveys cases of young women who were forced to become nuns by family members in order to co-opt their inheritances].

Source: Women in Italian Renaissance Culture and Society. Edited by Letizia Panizza . European Humanities Research Centre, University of Oxford, 2000. Byzantine Studies Conference. Abstracts of Papers , 26., ( 2000): Pages 122 - 137.
Year of Publication: 2000.

52. Record Number: 4733
Author(s): Voaden, Rosalynn.
Contributor(s):
Title : Drinking from the Golden Cup: Courtly Ritual and Order in the "Liber specialis gratiae" of Mechthild of Hackeborn [The author argues that Mechthild described her visions with ceremonial splendor and courtly discourse in which she played the role of the gracious queen].

Source: Mystics Quarterly , 26., 3 (September 2000): Pages 109 - 119.
Year of Publication: 2000.

53. Record Number: 4607
Author(s): Kay, Sarah.
Contributor(s):
Title : Audacious Nuns: Institutionalizing the Franciscan Order of Saint Clare [The author analyzes the legal and political struggles between the Poor Clares and the male Franciscan order, with the women finally successful in ensuring that the Franciscans would provide them with spiritual care].

Source: Church History , 69., 1 (March 2000): Pages 41 - 62.
Year of Publication: 2000.

54. Record Number: 5444
Author(s): Primhak, Victoria.
Contributor(s):
Title : Benedictine Communities in Venetian Society: The Convent of S. Zaccaria [S. Zaccaria was a conventual convent where the nuns did not observe "clausura" and had use of their private incomes; the nuns were able to resist reform because the convent was one of the oldest and most prestigious in the city and welcomed the daughters

Source: Women in Italian Renaissance Culture and Society. Edited by Letizia Panizza . European Humanities Research Centre, University of Oxford, 2000. Church History , 69., 1 (March 2000): Pages 92 - 104.
Year of Publication: 2000.

55. Record Number: 4872
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : An Abbess and a Painter: Emilia Pannocchieschi d'Elci and a Fresco From the Circle of Simone Martini

Source: Renaissance studies : journal of the Society for Renaissance Studies , 14., 3 (September 2000): Pages 273 - 300.
Year of Publication: 2000.

56. Record Number: 4635
Author(s): Berman, Constance H.
Contributor(s):
Title : The "Labours of Hercules," the Cartulary, Church, and Abbey for Nuns of la Cour- Notre- Dame- de- Michery

Source: Journal of Medieval History , 26., 1 (March 2000): Pages 33 - 70.
Year of Publication: 2000.

57. Record Number: 5360
Author(s): Connor, Carolyn L.
Contributor(s):
Title : A Sense of Family: Monastic Portraits in the Lincoln College Typikon

Source: Byzantine Studies Conference. Abstracts of Papers , 26., ( 2000): Pages 107 - 108.
Year of Publication: 2000.

58. Record Number: 3778
Author(s): Evergates, Theodore.
Contributor(s):
Title : Aristocratic Women in the County of Champagne [The author explores three roles of noble women in Champagne: as countesses, as married women, and as nuns].

Source: Aristocratic Women in Medieval France. Edited by Theodore Evergates . University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999. Pages 74 - 110.
Year of Publication: 1999.

59. Record Number: 3904
Author(s): Cohen, Adam S.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Art of Reform in a Bavarian Nunnery around 1000 [the author explores the efforts to reform Niedermünster, a noble foundation of canonesses, and turn it into a more strict Benedictine nunnery; the author uses surviving art and architecture, concentrating in particular on two manuscripts, the rule book and the Uta Codex, both of which feature illuminations of Niedermünster's reforming abbess, Uta.]

Source: Speculum , 74., 4 (October 1999): Pages 992 - 1020.
Year of Publication: 1999.

60. Record Number: 6670
Author(s): Simonetti, Adele.
Contributor(s):
Title : Santita femminile vallombrosana fra due e trecento [Vallombrosan nuns brought the spirituality of the wilderness into cities like Florence; they fulfilled their individual spiritual needs in an institutional context acceptable to the Church, and they subordinated their own needs to those of the community; penitent women like Umilta of Faenza also became community assets through their reputations for piety and miracle working; Vallombrosan hagiography endorses apostolic poverty while avoiding the extremes of Franciscan claims to exceptionality].

Source: Il colloquio vallombrosano: L'Ordo Vallisumbrosae tra XII e XIII Secolo: Gli sviluppi istituzionali e culturali e l'espansione geografica (1101-1293):Vallombrosa, 25-28 agosto 1996. Vol. 1. Edited by Giordano Monzo Compagnoni . Edizioni Vallombrosa, 1999. Speculum , 74., 4 (October 1999): Pages 467 - 481.
Year of Publication: 1999.

61. Record Number: 4387
Author(s): Irigaray, Luce.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Way of the Feminine [Irigaray examines four paintings from women's convents to come to an understanding of women's spirituality].

Source: New Trends in Feminine Spirituality: The Holy Women of Liège and Their Impact. Edited by Juliette Dor, Lesley Johnson, and Jocelyn Wogan-Browne Medieval Women: Texts and Contexts, 2. Brepols, 1999. Byzantine Studies Conference. Abstracts of Papers , 26., ( 2000): Pages 315 - 328. Essay originally published as "La Voie du Féminin" in Le jardin clos de l'åme. L'imaginaire des religieuses dans les Pays-Bas du Sud, depuis le 13e siècle. Edited by Paul Vandenbroeck.
Year of Publication: 1999.

62. Record Number: 3542
Author(s): Hale, Rosemary Drage.
Contributor(s):
Title : Rocking the Cradle: Margaretha Ebner (Be)Holds the Divine [The author explores fourteenth century Dominican convent literature in which the nuns assumed the role of Mary and engaged in a tactile relationship with a figure or image of Christ].

Source: Performance and Transformation: New Approaches to Late Medieval Spirituality. Edited by Mary A. Suydam and Joanna E. Ziegler . St. Martin's Press, 1999. Byzantine Studies Conference. Abstracts of Papers , 26., ( 2000): Pages 211 - 239.
Year of Publication: 1999.

63. Record Number: 4328
Author(s): Oliva, Marilyn.
Contributor(s):
Title : All in the Family? Monastic and Clerical Careers Among Famly Members in the Late Middle Ages

Source: Medieval Prosopography , 20., ( 1999): Pages 161 - 180.
Year of Publication: 1999.

64. Record Number: 3771
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Nuns and Other Religious: Women and Christianity in the Middle Ages [The author provides an introductory overview surveying not only the varied monastic orders but also beguines, anchorites, heretical groups, and the "Devotio Moderna."]

Source: Women in Medieval Western European Culture. Edited by Linda E. Mitchell . Garland Publishing, 1999. Medieval Prosopography , 20., ( 1999): Pages 277 - 293.
Year of Publication: 1999.

65. Record Number: 7361
Author(s): Auzepy, Marie-France.
Contributor(s):
Title : La Sainteté et le couvent: libération ou normalisation des femmes? [The author examines the Byzantine female saint, both in saints' lives and accounts of women's monasteries. In the seventh and eight centuries stories of saintly women disguised as men and penitent prostitutes were very popular, but in the ninth century these saints were supplanted by holy empresses (both wives and mothers and then nuns) whose cults were promoted for familial and political reasons. Women entered monasteries for a wide variety of reasons, including punishment for adultery and political incarceration. However, in some situations women had important responsibilities as abbesses or "higoumene" ( ) of double houses. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Femmes et pouvoirs des femmes à Byzance et en Occident (VIe -XIe siècles). Colloque international organisé les 28, 29 et 30 mars 1996 à Bruxelles et Villeneuve d'Ascq. Edited by Stéphane Lebecq, Alain Dierkens, Régine Le Jan, and Jean-Marie Sansterre . Centre de Recherche sur l'Histoire de l'Europe du Nord-Ouest, Université Charles de Gaulle-Lille 3, 1999. Medieval Prosopography , 20., ( 1999): Pages 175 - 188.
Year of Publication: 1999.

66. Record Number: 4375
Author(s): Wiberg Pedersen, Else Marie
Contributor(s):
Title : The In-Carnation of Beatrice of Nazareth's Theology [The author compares the writing of Beatrice's hagiographer with her own texts; The hagiographer embodies her holiness in her illnesses and her bodily exercises while Beatirce makes God the focus of all her reflections].

67. Record Number: 5148
Author(s): Hen, Yitzhak.
Contributor(s):
Title : Milites Christi utriusque sexus: Gender and the Politics of Conversion in the Circle of Boniface [The author argues that Boniface gave nuns new roles in inculcating Christian ideas and values; the author cites the case study of Leoba who had direct interaction with the people she had come to teach].

Source: Revue Bénédictine , 109., 40180 ( 1999): Pages 17 - 31.
Year of Publication: 1999.

68. Record Number: 3827
Author(s): Berman, Constance H.
Contributor(s):
Title : Were There Twelfth-Century Cistercian Nuns?

Source: Church History (Full Text via JSTOR) 68, 4 (Dec. 1999): 824-864. Link Info Later published in Medieval Religion: New Approaches. Edited by Constance Hoffman Berman. Routledge, 2005. Pages 217-248.
Year of Publication: 1999.

69. Record Number: 11864
Author(s): Dutton, Marsha L.
Contributor(s):
Title : Chaucer's Two Nuns [The author argues that Chaucer presents the Second Nun as a positive figure in contrast to the Prioress who is verbally and intellectually incompetent. The Prioress mistranslates Latin and tells a tale of vengeance that subordinates Christ to both Mary and the martyrs. The Second Nun instead emphasizes God's love and grace. Her Saint Cecilia is not an innocent victim because she chooses to follow Christ, knowing that the risks are worth eternal life. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Monasteries and society in medieval Britain: proceedings of the 1994 Harlaxton Symposium. Edited by Benjamin Thompson Harlaxton medieval studies . Stamford Watkins , 1999. Pages 296 - 311.
Year of Publication: 1999.

70. Record Number: 4380
Author(s): Woods, Marjorie Curry.
Contributor(s):
Title : Shared Books: Primers, Psalters, and the Adult Acquisition of Literacy Among Devout Laywomen and Women in Orders in Late Medieval England

71. Record Number: 3547
Author(s): Clark, Anne L.
Contributor(s):
Title : Holy Woman or Unworthy Vessel? The Representations of Elisabeth of Schšnau [The author explores the relationship between Elisabeth and her brother Ekbert who managed the publication of her visions; he preferred to downplay her piety while Elisabeth emphasized her prophetic role].

Source: Gendered Voices: Medieval Saints and Their Interpreters. Edited by Catherine M. Mooney . University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999. Pages 16 - 34.
Year of Publication: 1999.

72. Record Number: 4310
Author(s): Grise, C. Annette.
Contributor(s):
Title : In the Blessid Vyneyerd of Oure Holy Saueour : Female Religious Readers and Textual Reception in the "Myroure of Oure Ladye" and the "Orcherd of Syon" [The author argues that the two devotional works that come from Syon emphasized the ideal reader, whether lay or religious, as someone who was as meek, obedient, submissive, and devout as a nun from Syon].

Source: The Medieval Mystical Tradition England, Ireland, and Wales. Exeter Symposium VI. Papers read at Charney Manor, July 1999. Edited by Marion Glasscoe . D. S. Brewer, 1999. Pages 380 - 381.
Year of Publication: 1999.

73. Record Number: 3233
Author(s): Yorke, Barbara.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Bonifacian Mission and Female Religious in Wessex

Source: Early Medieval Europe , 7., 2 ( 1998): Pages 145 - 172.
Year of Publication: 1998.

74. Record Number: 7170
Author(s): Lazzari, Loredana.
Contributor(s):
Title : Regine, badesse, sante: il contributo della donna anglosassone all'evangelizzazione (secc. VII e VIII) [Anglo-Saxon women inherited a peacemaking role from their Germanic ancestors while adding a new responsibility for spreading the gospel. Well-born Anglo-Saxon nuns might become abbesses, even of double houses. Holy nuns feature prominently in Anglo-Saxon hagiography, and Aldhelm wrote on virginity for nuns. Later generations of nuns were more thoroughly subjected to male authority. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Studi Medievali , 39., 2 (Dicembre 1998): Pages 601 - 632.
Year of Publication: 1998.

75. Record Number: 5306
Author(s): Feiss, Hugh, O.S.B.
Contributor(s):
Title : Hildegard's Vision of the Euchrist ("Scivias" 2.6): Theology and Pastoral Practice

Source: American Benedictine Review , 49., 2 (June 1998): Pages 165 - 194.
Year of Publication: 1998.

76. Record Number: 3659
Author(s): Jacobi, Renate.
Contributor(s):
Title : Secular Brides and Convent Brides: Wedding Ceremonies in Italy During the Renaissance and Counter-Reformation [The author examines ceremonies of vestition, profession, and consecration in terms of the different meanings they held for the various interested parties].

Source: Marriage in Italy, 1300-1650. Edited by Trevor Dean and K. J. P. Lowe . Cambridge University Press, 1998. American Benedictine Review , 49., 2 (June 1998): Pages 41 - 65.
Year of Publication: 1998.

77. Record Number: 4357
Author(s): Webb, Diana.
Contributor(s):
Title : Women Pilgrims of the Middle Ages [The author provides a brief overview with illustrations from medieval art; aimed at a popular audience, there are no footnotes].

Source: History Today , 48., 7 (July 1998): Pages 20 - 26.
Year of Publication: 1998.

78. Record Number: 4222
Author(s): Naughton, Joan.
Contributor(s):
Title : Friars and Their Books at Saint-Louis de Poissy, a Dominican Foundation for Nuns [in an appendix the author lists and describes manuscripts that were owned by the friars at Poissy].

Source: Scriptorium , 52., 1 ( 1998): Pages 83 - 102.
Year of Publication: 1998.

79. Record Number: 5563
Author(s): Naughton, Joan.
Contributor(s):
Title : Books for a Dominican Nuns' Choir: Illustrated Liturgical Manuscripts at Saint-Louis de Poissy, c. 1330- 1350 [The author examines a group of six manuscripts made for the Dominican women's house at Poissy; the author argues that the group "reflect an established tradition for liturgical book production and illustration as supervised by the Dominicans in Paris at

Source: The Art of the Book: Its Place in Medieval Worship. Edited by Margaret M. Manion and Bernard J. Muir . University of Exeter Press, 1998. Scriptorium , 52., 1 ( 1998): Pages 67 - 100.
Year of Publication: 1998.

80. Record Number: 3077
Author(s): Sullivan, Joseph M.
Contributor(s):
Title : Brother Hermann's "Iolande": A Tale of Ideal Female Spirituality

Source: Monatshefte , 90., 2 (Summer 1998): Pages 161 - 175.
Year of Publication: 1998.

81. Record Number: 1595
Author(s): Ehrenschwendtner, Marie-Luise.
Contributor(s):
Title : A Library Collected by and for the Use of Nuns: St. Catherine's Convent, Nuremberg [by the end of the fifteenth century the library had between 500 and 600 books, mostly in German, consisting of spritual literature and texts supporting the reformed Dominican life].

Source: Women and the Book: Assessing the Visual Evidence. Edited by Lesley Smith and Jane H.M. Taylor . British Library and University of Toronto Press, 1997. Notes and Queries , 3 (September 1997): Pages 123 - 132.
Year of Publication: 1997.

82. Record Number: 2081
Author(s): Walmsley, John.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Early Abbesses, Nuns, and Female Tenants of the Abbey of Holy Trinity, Caen [using charters and early surveys, the author examines the administration of the abbesses, the social origins of the nuns, and the status of female tenants both in Normandy and England, particularly the inheritance rights of widows].

Source: Journal of Ecclesiastical History , 48., 3 (July 1997): Pages 425 - 444.
Year of Publication: 1997.

83. Record Number: 4997
Author(s): Barone, Giulia.
Contributor(s):
Title : Come studiare il monachesimo femminile [The history of nuns needs to go beyond famous names to include nuances of rules, practices, and the daily lives of the sisters. The least formal elements are the hardest to recover. Records and writings produced by nuns are scarce, and accounts of women mystics most often were written by men].

84. Record Number: 4998
Author(s): Jenal, Georg.
Contributor(s):
Title : Il monachesimo femminile in Italia tra Tardo Anticho e Medioevo [Early Italian monasticism, modeled on Egyptian practices, had a predominant number of female ascetics. Many lived with their families, and communities only took shape gradually. Virgins ranked first; then widows; then married women vowed to continence. The numbers of ascetic women, compared to the number of monks, had declined by the time of Gregory the Great].

85. Record Number: 5000
Author(s): Medici, Maria Teresa Guerra.
Contributor(s):
Title : Sulla giurisdizione temporale e spirituale della abbadessa First recorded in the West in the sixth century, abbesses had considerable power over their nuns and over any estates owned by the monastery. Beginning with the time of Charlemagne, legislators tried to prohibit abbesses from performing certain ritual acts, like vesting their new nuns, prohibitions that entered the canon law. Gregory IX did concede an abbess the power to censure critics who disobeyed them. Canonists described this as a customary power, involving a command to ordained clergy to censure the disobedient. Baldus de Ubaldus and other jurists defended the immunity of abbesses from imprisonment because of the debts of their monasteries].

86. Record Number: 5004
Author(s): Sebastiani, Lucia.
Contributor(s):
Title : Da bizzocche a monache [Many penitent women, individual or in community, can be traced in northern Italy during the later Middle Ages. Some communities of these bizzoche were authorized by the local bishop rather than by the papacy. Most of these houses were pressured into adopting an existing monastic rule, claustration, and distinctive garb].

87. Record Number: 5005
Author(s): Facchiano, Annamaria.
Contributor(s):
Title : Monachesimo femminile nel Mezzogiorno medievale e moderno [The monastic history of southern Italy is complex. Several orders were present, some of Greek background; and regions display differences between them. Lay patrons often reserved to themselves the right to name the abbess, and nuns even built themselves private houses within the enclosure. Reform of these houses might require importing a new abbess from elsewhere, as well as strict enforcement of monastic enclosure and proper care for the monastery's patrimony].

88. Record Number: 5006
Author(s): Sensi, Mario.
Contributor(s):
Title : Monachesimo femminile nell' Italia centrale (sec. xv) [New women's orders were limited by thirteenth-century conciliar decrees requiring that all monastics accept existing rules. Nevertheless, communities of penitent women grew up under episcopal supervision. Some adopted the Augustinian or the Benedictine rule and claustration. Only in the fifteenth century would the papacy give final approval to the Franciscan Third Order. More traditional women's houses tended to follow the Augustinian rule].

Source: Il monachesimo femminile in Italia dall' Alto Medioevo al secolo XVII a confronto con l' oggi. Edited by Gabriella Zarri . San Pietro in Cariano: Il Segno dei Gabrielli editori, 1997. Journal of Ecclesiastical History , 48., 3 (July 1997): Pages 135 - 168. Reprinted in "Mulieres in ecclesia": Storie di monache e bizzoche. Volume One. Mario Sensi. Fondazione Centro italiano di studi sull'alto Medioevo, 2010. Pages 71-104.
Year of Publication: 1997.

89. Record Number: 5007
Author(s): Occhipinti, Elisa.
Contributor(s):
Title : Il monachesimo femminile benedettino nell' Italia nord-occidentale (secc. Xi-xiii) [To the end of the thirteenth century, most aspects of monasticism, male or female, remained substantially similar. The women's monasteries of northwest Italy, many of them inside cities, tended to be controlled by powerful families, noble or patrician, who tended to provide both the abbesses and the lay managers of their patrimony. These monasteries took part in urban expansion and the exploitation of rural districts. Strict monastic enclosure, imposed late in the Middle Ages, reduced the importance of these ties with urban life and politics].

90. Record Number: 5680
Author(s): Thomas, Anabel.
Contributor(s):
Title : A New Date for Neri di Bicci's S. Giovannino dei Cavalieri "Coronation of the Virgin" [the author presents document transcriptions in the article's Appendix that prove that Neri di Bicci was selected by the nuns of S. Niccolò dei Frieri to paint an altarpiece in 1488; further document extracts indicate the nuns' additional efforts to make the high altar more splendid].

Source: Burlington Magazine (Full Text via JSTOR) 139, 1127 (February 1997): 103-106. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1997.

91. Record Number: 14679
Author(s): Alberzoni, Maria Pia.
Contributor(s):
Title : San Damiano nel 1228 Contributo alla "Questione Clariana" [The privilege of poverty supposedly granted to Clare of Assisi by Pope Innocent III has been doubted by recent scholars. Gregory IX pressed Clare and her sisters to become like traditional nuns, which Clare resisted as far as she could. We can discern this resistance behind papal documents and Franciscan hagiography, both of which emphasize the creation of an order of San Damiano under the aegis of Saint Francis. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Collectanea Franciscana , 67., 40241 ( 1997): Pages 459 - 476.
Year of Publication: 1997.

92. Record Number: 1594
Author(s): Oliver, Judith.
Contributor(s):
Title : Worship of the Word: Some Gothic "NonnenbŸcher" in Their Devotional Context [choirbooks, antiphonals, psalters, homilaries and other books necessary for the monastic life; discusses the importance placed on individual words and the influence of needlework on the aesthetics of the manuscripts].

Source: Women and the Book: Assessing the Visual Evidence. Edited by Lesley Smith and Jane H.M. Taylor . British Library and University of Toronto Press, 1997. Studi Medievali , 39., 2 (Dicembre 1998): Pages 106 - 122.
Year of Publication: 1997.

93. Record Number: 1589
Author(s): Smith, Lesley.
Contributor(s):
Title : Scriba, Femina: Medieval Depictions of Women Writing [appendix inventories the Western European manuscript illustrations that depict women writing].

94. Record Number: 2266
Author(s): Cartwright, Jane.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Desire to Corrupt: Convent and Community in Medieval Wales [discusses the number of nunneries in Wales, their population, and economic condition; also considers Welsh social and cutltural attitudes toward women's sexuality and religious devotion as reflected by the Cywyddwyr poets, a group that wrote under aristocratic patronage in the fourteenth century].

Source: Medieval Women in Their Communities. Edited by Diane Watt . University of Toronto Press, 1997. Studi Medievali , 39., 2 (Dicembre 1998): Pages 20 - 48.
Year of Publication: 1997.

95. Record Number: 1955
Author(s): Linehan, Peter.
Contributor(s):
Title : Zamora's Nuns in the Oven [Dominican Friars were accused of scandalous affairs with the nuns of Zamora; the Pope's efforts to curb the mendicant orders and force strict enclosure on nuns may have been in reaction to the well-known case at Zamora].

Source: History Today , 47., 3 (March 1997): Pages 46 - 51.
Year of Publication: 1997.

96. Record Number: 1969
Author(s): Tobin, Frank.
Contributor(s):
Title : Audience, Authorship, and Authority in Mechthild von Magdeburg's "Flowing Light of the Godhead" [argues that her primary audience was religious (clergy and male and female monastics) and that her shared authorship (both God and Mechthild, an unlettered Beguine, were resposible) required a variety of strategies to assert the authority of her text].

Source: Mystics Quarterly , 23., 1 (March 1997): Pages 8 - 17.
Year of Publication: 1997.

97. Record Number: 1376
Author(s): Stoudt, Debra L.
Contributor(s):
Title : Medieval German Women and the Power of Healing [both lay and religious women acted as healers using such traditional methods as diet, herbs, and the intervention of God and the saints].

Source: Women Healers and Physicians: Climbing a Long Hill. Edited by Lilian R. Furst . University Press of Kentucky, 1997. Mystics Quarterly , 23., 1 (March 1997): Pages 13 - 42.
Year of Publication: 1997.

98. Record Number: 2070
Author(s): Barratt, Alexandra.
Contributor(s):
Title : Books for Nuns: Cambridge University Library MS Additional 3042 [the manuscript contains twenty texts including liturgical pieces, private prayers, mystical treatises, and didactic works ; the article concludes with editions of the two texts: "Form of Confession for a Female Augustinian" and "English Version of De Triplici Via"].

Source: Notes and Queries , 3 (September 1997): Pages 310 - 319.
Year of Publication: 1997.

99. Record Number: 997
Author(s): Hatlie, Peter.
Contributor(s):
Title : Women of Discipline During the Second Iconoclast Age [nuns' support of icons and of their abbesses contrasted with monks' behavior, 815-843].

Source: Byzantinische Zeitschrift , 89., 1 ( 1996): Pages 37 - 44.
Year of Publication: 1996.

100. Record Number: 1064
Author(s): Wortley, John.
Contributor(s):
Title : Documents: De Latrone Converso: The Tale of the Converted Robber (BHG 1450kb W861) [a robber chief infiltrates a women's monastery where he is welcomed as a holy man; when he inadvertently cures a nun, he repents and becomes a monk].

Source: Byzantion , 66., 1 ( 1996): Pages 219 - 243. Reprinted in Studies on the Cult of Relics in Byzantium up to 1204. By John Wortley. Ashgate Variorum, 2009. Article X.
Year of Publication: 1996.

101. Record Number: 2397
Author(s): Hospenthal, Christina.
Contributor(s):
Title : Suster Bertken (1426/27-1514) [includes text, English translation, and modern performance score for "Die werelt hielt mi in hair gewout"].

Source: Women Composers: Music Through the Ages. Edited by Martha Furman Schleifer and Sylvia Glickman . Volume 1 Composers Born Before 1599. G.K. Hall ; Prentice Hall International, 1996. Byzantion , 66., 1 ( 1996): Pages 84 - 87.
Year of Publication: 1996.

102. Record Number: 2773
Author(s): Rath, Brigitte.
Contributor(s):
Title : Im Reich der Topoi. Nonnenleben im mittelalterlichen Österreich zwischen Norm und Praxis

Source: Homme: Zeitschrift für feministische Geschichtswissenschaft , 7., 1 ( 1996): Pages 122 - 134.
Year of Publication: 1996.

103. Record Number: 5504
Author(s): Schmidt, Margot.
Contributor(s):
Title : Hildegard's Care of Souls [The author briefly considers the themes of the search for God, the supernatural gift of "discretio," and the divine force of grace].

Source: Wisdom Which Encircles Circles: Papers on Hildegard of Bingen. Edited by Audrey Ekdahl Davidson . Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University, 1996. Homme: Zeitschrift für feministische Geschichtswissenschaft , 7., 1 ( 1996): Pages 43 - 52.
Year of Publication: 1996.

104. Record Number: 1105
Author(s): Hyland, William Patrick.
Contributor(s):
Title : Missionary Nuns and the Monastic Vocation in Anglo-Saxon England [nuns aided the missionary efforts of Boniface and his colleagues in Germany through their prayers and gifts; a few nuns, most notably Leoba, travelled to Germany, founded monasteries, and served as abbesses].

Source: American Benedictine Review , 47., 2 (June 1996): Pages 141 - 174.
Year of Publication: 1996.

105. Record Number: 2394
Author(s): Yardley, Anne Bagnall.
Contributor(s):
Title : Was Anonymous a Woman? [suggests that some liturgical chants may have been composed by nuns].

Source: Women Composers: Music Through the Ages. Edited by Martha Furman Schleifer and Sylvia Glickman . Volume 1 Composers Born Before 1599. G.K. Hall ; Prentice Hall International, 1996. American Benedictine Review , 47., 2 (June 1996): Pages 69 - 72.
Year of Publication: 1996.

106. Record Number: 1981
Author(s): Plattig, Michael.
Contributor(s):
Title : Heinrich Seuse als "christliche Erosgestalt"!?

Source: Studies in Spirituality , 6., ( 1996): Pages 49 - 72.
Year of Publication: 1996.

107. Record Number: 1386
Author(s): Brennan, Brian.
Contributor(s):
Title : Deathless Marriage and Spiritual Fecundity in Venantius Fortunatus's "De Virginitate" [written for Radegunde probably on the occasion of her "spiritual daughter's" installation as abbess; the text combines an "epithalamium" with a "consolatio" for women who neither married nor had children].

Source: Traditio , 51., ( 1996): Pages 73 - 97.
Year of Publication: 1996.

108. Record Number: 937
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : The "Life of Alice" and the Silver Age at Villers [suggests that the "Life" of Alice the Leper was written by Arnulf II, Abbot of Villers, to inspire his monks to Eucharistic devotion and to an acceptance of greater austerity and a more cloistered life.]

Source: Cistercian Studies Quarterly , 31., 1 ( 1996): Pages 51 - 74.
Year of Publication: 1996.

109. Record Number: 1104
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : The Making of a Mystic: The Story of St. Lutgard

Source: American Benedictine Review , 47., 2 (June 1996): Pages 117 - 140.
Year of Publication: 1996.

110. Record Number: 945
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : The Possible Unity of Chaucer's Prioresses [argues that the prioress of the "Prologue" is a pretentious bourgeoise, while the prioress narrator worships the image of a divine child but has no love for humanity].

Source: Chaucer Yearbook , 3., ( 1996): Pages 55 - 71.
Year of Publication: 1996.

111. Record Number: 778
Author(s): Effros, Bonnie
Contributor(s):
Title : Symbolic Expressions of Sanctity: Gertrude of Nivelles in the Context of Merovingian Mortuary Custom

Source: Viator , 27., ( 1996): Pages 1 - 10.
Year of Publication: 1996.

112. Record Number: 2751
Author(s): Wybourne, Catherine and Dame
Contributor(s):
Title : Seafarers and Stay-At-Homes: Anglo-Saxon Nuns and Mission [The author traces the activity of nuns during the Anglo Saxon period from Leoba's missionary efforts in Germany to the much more restricted period in the tenth and eleventh centuries as double houses disappeared].

Source: Downside Review , 114., 397 (October 1996): Pages 246 - 266.
Year of Publication: 1996.

113. Record Number: 1106
Author(s): McMillin, Linda A.
Contributor(s):
Title : Sant Pere de les Puelles: A Medieval Women's Community [study of Sant Pere's documents yields information on the number of nuns, their familial background and inheritance, men associated with the convent, and the elected officials of the community].

Source: American Benedictine Review , 47., 2 (June 1996): Pages 200 - 222.
Year of Publication: 1996.

114. Record Number: 1349
Author(s): Kelly, Henry Ansgar.
Contributor(s):
Title : A Neo-Revisionist Looks at Chaucer's Nuns [historical sketch of English nuns' conditions including estimated numbers, sources of income, opportunities to go on pilgrimage, and the priests associated with women's monasteries].

Source: Chaucer Review , 31., 2 ( 1996): Pages 115 - 132.
Year of Publication: 1996.

115. Record Number: 667
Author(s): Clancy, Thomas Owen.
Contributor(s):
Title : Women Poets in Early Medieval Ireland: Stating the Case

Source: The Fragility of Her Sex?: Medieval Irishwomen in Their European Context. Edited by Christine Meek and Katherine Simms . Four Courts Press, 1996. Chaucer Review , 31., 2 ( 1996): Pages 43 - 72.
Year of Publication: 1996.

116. Record Number: 901
Author(s): O' Mara, V. M.
Contributor(s):
Title : Female Scribal Ability and Scribal Activity in Late Medieval England: The Evidence?

Source: Leeds Studies in English , ( 1996): Pages 87 - 130.
Year of Publication: 1996.

117. Record Number: 1081
Author(s): Freeman, Elizabeth.
Contributor(s):
Title : Nuns in the Public Sphere: Aelred of Rievaulx's "De Sanctimoniali De Wattun" and the Gendering of Authority [how the Gilbertine nuns of Watton punished a sister who had sexual relations with a man belonging to the double house].

Source: Comitatus , 27., ( 1996): Pages 55 - 80. [contributions are accepted from graduate students and those who have received their doctorates within the last three years]
Year of Publication: 1996.

118. Record Number: 2389
Author(s): Touliatos, Diane.
Contributor(s):
Title : Kassia (ca. 810- between 843 and 867) [she wrote the words and music for many well-known hymns ; article includes Greek texts, English translations, and modern performance scores for "Edessa Rejoices" (Hymn to Saints Gurias, Samonas, and Abibus, Confessors and Martyrs at Vespers (November 15)

Source: Women Composers: Music Through the Ages. Edited by Martha Furman Schleifer and Sylvia Glickman . Volume 1 Composers Born Before 1599. G.K. Hall ; Prentice Hall International, 1996. Comitatus , 27., ( 1996): Pages 1 - 24.
Year of Publication: 1996.

119. Record Number: 1421
Author(s): Murray, Jacqueline.
Contributor(s):
Title : Twice Marginal and Twice Invisible: Lesbians in the Middle Ages [appendices reproduce two translations, one an excerpt from a poem that describes the "vile sin" of two ladies making love, the other is a nun's letter to her beloved, full of homoerotic images].

Source: Handbook of Medieval Sexuality. Edited by Vern L. Bullough and James A. Brundage . Garland Reference Library of the Humanities vol. 1696. Garland Publishing, 1996. Comitatus , 27., ( 1996): Pages 191 - 222.
Year of Publication: 1996.

120. Record Number: 260
Author(s): Filax, Elaine.
Contributor(s):
Title : Female Ideal: Chaucer's Second Nun

Source: Sovereign Lady: Essays on Women in Middle English Literature. Edited by Muriel Whitaker . Garland Publishing, 1995. Mystics Quarterly , 21., 4 (December 1995): Pages 133 - 156.
Year of Publication: 1995.

121. Record Number: 521
Author(s): Richards, Marie.
Contributor(s):
Title : Community and Poverty in the Reformed Order of St. Clare in the Fifteenth Century

Source: Journal of Religious History , 19., 1 (June 1995): Pages 10 - 25.
Year of Publication: 1995.

122. Record Number: 1125
Author(s): Henderson, J. Frank.
Contributor(s):
Title : Feminizing the Rule of Benedict in Medieval England [study of five Middle English translations and one Latin version, examining changes from masculine language as well as feminization of such aspects of monastic life as clothing and the practice of charity]

Source: Magistra , 1., 1 (Summer 1995): Pages 9 - 38.
Year of Publication: 1995.

123. Record Number: 1614
Author(s): Stoudt, Debra L.
Contributor(s):
Title : Wer Pistu Daz Mit Mir Reddet?: Dialogue in the Works of the Fourteenth Century German Female Mystics [analyzes the use of diaogue in autobiographical revelations and in sister books that chronicle nuns' lives and deathbed experiences].

Source: Studia Mystica New Series , 16., 1 ( 1995): Pages 30 - 51.
Year of Publication: 1995.

124. Record Number: 1618
Author(s): Vickers, Noreen.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Social Class of Yorkshire Medieval Nuns [evidence taken from charters, visitations, and wills].

Source: Yorkshire Archaeological Journal , 67., ( 1995): Pages 127 - 132.
Year of Publication: 1995.

125. Record Number: 2285
Author(s): Bouton, Jean de la Croix, O.C.S.O.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Life of the Twelfth and Thirteenth Century Nuns of Cîteaux

Source: Hidden Springs: Cistercian Monastic Women. Book One. Medieval Religious Women Volume Three. Edited by John A. Nichols and Lillian Thomas Shank, O.S.C.O Cistercian Studies Series . Cistercian Publications, 1995. Yorkshire Archaeological Journal , 67., ( 1995): Pages 11 - 27.
Year of Publication: 1995.

126. Record Number: 2294
Author(s): King, Margot H.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Dove at the Window: The Ascent of the Soul in Thomas de Cantimpré's "Life of Lutgard of Aywières"

127. Record Number: 2295
Author(s): Deboutte, Alfred, C.SS.R.
Contributor(s):
Title : The "Vita Lutgardis" of Thomas of Cantimpré

128. Record Number: 2302
Author(s): Mikkers, Edmund, O.C.S.O.
Contributor(s):
Title : Meditations on the "Life" of Alice of Schaerbeek

129. Record Number: 2296
Author(s): Tartara, Lucia, O.C.S.O. and Manuela Strola, O.C.S.O.
Contributor(s):
Title : Saint Franca of Italy

Source: Hidden Springs: Cistercian Monastic Women. Book One. Medieval Religious Women Volume Three. Edited by John A. Nichols and Lillian Thomas Shank, O.S.C.O Cistercian Studies Series . Cistercian Publications, 1995. Homme: Zeitschrift für feministische Geschichtswissenschaft , 7., 1 ( 1996): Pages 283 - 303.
Year of Publication: 1995.

130. Record Number: 5651
Author(s): Gardner, Julian.
Contributor(s):
Title : Nuns and Altarpieces: Agendas for Research [the author examines a group of late thirteenth-century paintings from Italian nunneries and a group of fourteenth-century convent altarpieces, mostly from Florence; he then considers the social, cultural, and physical conditions in which these artworks were created and viewed; he concludes by asking what kind of control did the nuns have over artworks that were commissioned through middlemen and, for that matter, did the nuns even see the altarpieces located beyond the grills required by "clausura"].

Source: Römisches Jahrbuch der Bibliotheca Hertziana , 30., ( 1995): Pages 27 - 57.
Year of Publication: 1995.

131. Record Number: 6012
Author(s): Benedetto, Giuseppe.
Contributor(s):
Title : Fra corruzione e riforme: i monasteri femminili della città e del territorio di Lucca nella seconda metà del Trecento e nel primo Quattrocento [complaints about physical or moral decay of women's monasteries in Lucca mounted following the Black Death and the beginning of the Great Schism; reform of these houses could be impeded by exemption from episcopal control; nonetheless, visitations were held under the Guinigi regime; some monasteries received good reports, but others were penalized for moral or financial abuses; some nuns were confined to other monasteries as punishments].

Source: Ilaria del Carretto e il suo monumento: la donna nell'arte, la cultura, e la società del '400. Atti del convegno Internazionale di Studi, 15-16-17 Settembre, 1994, Palazzo Ducale, Lucca. Edited by Stéphane Toussaint. Translated by Clotilde Soave Bowe. . Edizioni S. Marco Litotipo, 1995. Römisches Jahrbuch der Bibliotheca Hertziana , 30., ( 1995): Pages 165 - 197.
Year of Publication: 1995.

132. Record Number: 2293
Author(s): Bussels, Amandus, O.C.S.O.
Contributor(s):
Title : Saint Lutgard's Mystical Spirituality

Source: Hidden Springs: Cistercian Monastic Women. Book One. Medieval Religious Women Volume Three. Edited by John A. Nichols and Lillian Thomas Shank, O.S.C.O Cistercian Studies Series . Cistercian Publications, 1995. Homme: Zeitschrift für feministische Geschichtswissenschaft , 7., 1 ( 1996): Pages 211 - 223.
Year of Publication: 1995.

133. Record Number: 2305
Author(s): Schmitt, Miriam, O.S.B.
Contributor(s):
Title : Gertrud of Helfta: Her Monastic Milieu and Her Spirituality

Source: Hidden Springs: Cistercian Monastic Women. Book Two. Medieval Religious Women Volume Three. Edited by John A. Nichols and Lillian Thomas Shank, O.S.C.O Cistercian Studies Series . Cistercian Publications, 1995. Homme: Zeitschrift für feministische Geschichtswissenschaft , 7., 1 ( 1996): Pages 471 - 496.
Year of Publication: 1995.

134. Record Number: 6337
Author(s): Schneider-Lastin, Wolfram.
Contributor(s):
Title : Die Forsetzung des ötenbacher Schwesternbuchs und andere vermisste Texte in Breslau: Handschriftenfunde zur Literatur des Mittelalters. 116. Beitrag

Source: Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum und deutsche Literatur , 124., ( 1995): Pages 201 - 210.
Year of Publication: 1995.

135. Record Number: 172
Author(s): Harline, Craig.
Contributor(s):
Title : Actives and Contemplatives: The Female Religious of the Low Countries Before and After Trent

Source: Catholic Historical Review , 81., 4 (Oct. 1995): Pages 541 - 567.
Year of Publication: 1995.

136. Record Number: 393
Author(s): Ward, Benedicta, S.L.G.
Contributor(s):
Title : To My Dearest Sister: Bede and the Educated Woman [his commentary on Habakkuk written for a nun and her monastery].

Source: Women, the Book and the Godly: Selected Proceedings of the St. Hilda's Conference, 1993. Volume 1 [Volume 2: Women, the Book and the Worldly]. Edited by Lesley Smith and Jane H. M. Taylor . D.S. Brewer, 1995. Catholic Historical Review , 81., 4 (Oct. 1995): Pages 105 - 111.
Year of Publication: 1995.

137. Record Number: 354
Author(s): Bartlett, Anne Clark.
Contributor(s):
Title : A Reasonable Affection: Gender and Spiritual Friendship in Middle English Devotional Literature

Source: Vox Mystica: Essays on Medieval Mysticism in Honor of Professor Valerie M Lagorio. Edited by Anne Clark Bartlett, Thomas H. Bestul, Janet Goebel, and William F. Pollard . D.S. Brewer, 1995. Catholic Historical Review , 81., 4 (Oct. 1995): Pages 131 - 145.
Year of Publication: 1995.

138. Record Number: 572
Author(s): Tuten, Belle Stoddard.
Contributor(s):
Title : Disputing Corpses: Le Ronceray d'Angers Versus Saint-Nicolas d'Angers, Ca. 1080-1140 [nuns and monks contest parish boundaries and the rights to burials and offerings].

Source: Medieval Perspectives , 10., ( 1995): Pages 178 - 188. Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Conference of the Southeastern Medieval Association
Year of Publication: 1995.

139. Record Number: 1193
Author(s): Wallace, D. Patricia.
Contributor(s):
Title : Feminine Rhetoric and the Epistolary Tradition: The Boniface Correspondence [discusses letters written by Eangyth and Bugga and Abbess Ecgburg to Boniface and letters from the nun Berhtgyth to her brother Balthard].

Source: Women's Studies , 24., 3 ( 1995): Pages 229 - 246. Special Issue: Issues in Medieval and Renaissance Scholarship
Year of Publication: 1995.

140. Record Number: 271
Author(s): Oliva, Marilyn.
Contributor(s):
Title : Counting Nuns: A Prosopography of Late Medieval English Nuns in the Diocese of Norwich

Source: Medieval Prosopography , 16., 1 (Spring 1995): Pages 27 - 55.
Year of Publication: 1995.

141. Record Number: 2304
Author(s): Blamires, Alcuin.
Contributor(s):
Title : Ida of Léau, or, The Inconveniences of Ecstasy

Source: Hidden Springs: Cistercian Monastic Women. Book Two. Medieval Religious Women Volume Three. Edited by John A. Nichols and Lillian Thomas Shank, O.S.C.O Cistercian Studies Series . Cistercian Publications, 1995. Medieval Prosopography , 16., 1 (Spring 1995): Pages 445 - 470.
Year of Publication: 1995.

142. Record Number: 1130
Author(s): McNamara, Jo Ann.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Nun of Watton [translation of Aelred's account of the nun who sleeps with a young monk and becomes pregnant; the other nuns castrate the guilty youth but when the foetus disappears they judge it to be a miracle and cease punishing the penitent nun].

Source: Magistra , 1., 1 (Summer 1995): Pages 122 - 137.
Year of Publication: 1995.

143. Record Number: 355
Author(s): Lewis, Gertrud Jaron.
Contributor(s):
Title : Music and Dancing in the Fourteenth- Century Sister- Books

Source: Vox Mystica: Essays on Medieval Mysticism in Honor of Professor Valerie M Lagorio. Edited by Anne Clark Bartlett, Thomas H. Bestul, Janet Goebel, and William F. Pollard . D.S. Brewer, 1995. Magistra , 1., 1 (Summer 1995): Pages 159 - 169.
Year of Publication: 1995.

144. Record Number: 2301
Author(s): Scholl, Edith, O.C.S.O.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Golden Cross: Aleydis of Schaerbeek

Source: Hidden Springs: Cistercian Monastic Women. Book One. Medieval Religious Women Volume Three. Edited by John A. Nichols and Lillian Thomas Shank, O.S.C.O Cistercian Studies Series . Cistercian Publications, 1995. Magistra , 1., 1 (Summer 1995): Pages 377 - 393.
Year of Publication: 1995.

145. Record Number: 2303
Author(s): O'Dell, Colman, O.C.S.O.
Contributor(s):
Title : Ida of Léau: Woman of Desire

Source: Hidden Springs: Cistercian Monastic Women. Book One. Medieval Religious Women Volume Three. Edited by John A. Nichols and Lillian Thomas Shank, O.S.C.O Cistercian Studies Series . Cistercian Publications, 1995. Magistra , 1., 1 (Summer 1995): Pages 415 - 443.
Year of Publication: 1995.

146. Record Number: 2306
Author(s): McCabe, Maureen, O.C.S.O.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Scriptures and Personal Identity: A Study in the "Exercises" of St. Gertrud

Source: Hidden Springs: Cistercian Monastic Women. Book Two. Medieval Religious Women Volume Three. Edited by John A. Nichols and Lillian Thomas Shank, O.S.C.O Cistercian Studies Series . Cistercian Publications, 1995. Magistra , 1., 1 (Summer 1995): Pages 497 - 507.
Year of Publication: 1995.

147. Record Number: 4684
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Women as Patrons: Nuns, Widows, and Rulers

Source: Siena, Florence, and Padua: Art, Society, and Religion, 1280-1400. Volume II: Case Studies. Edited by Diana Norman . Yale University Press in association with The Open University, 1995. Magistra , 1., 1 (Summer 1995): Pages 242 - 266.
Year of Publication: 1995.

148. Record Number: 2297
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Ida of Nivelles: Cistercian Nun

Source: Hidden Springs: Cistercian Monastic Women. Book One. Medieval Religious Women Volume Three. Edited by John A. Nichols and Lillian Thomas Shank, O.S.C.O Cistercian Studies Series . Cistercian Publications, 1995. Magistra , 1., 1 (Summer 1995): Pages 305 - 321.
Year of Publication: 1995.

149. Record Number: 1128
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Interpersonal Relationships at La Ramée as Revealed in the Life of Ida the Gentle

Source: Magistra , 1., 1 (Summer 1995): Pages 72 - 115.
Year of Publication: 1995.

150. Record Number: 2298
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : With Desire Have I Desired: Ida of Nivelles' Love for the Eucharist

Source: Hidden Springs: Cistercian Monastic Women. Book One. Medieval Religious Women Volume Three. Edited by John A. Nichols and Lillian Thomas Shank, O.S.C.O Cistercian Studies Series . Cistercian Publications, 1995. Magistra , 1., 1 (Summer 1995): Pages 323 - 344.
Year of Publication: 1995.

151. Record Number: 2299
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : An Introduction to the "Vita Beatricis"

Source: Hidden Springs: Cistercian Monastic Women. Book One. Medieval Religious Women Volume Three. Edited by John A. Nichols and Lillian Thomas Shank, O.S.C.O Cistercian Studies Series . Cistercian Publications, 1995. Magistra , 1., 1 (Summer 1995): Pages 345 - 359.
Year of Publication: 1995.

152. Record Number: 24
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : What the Nuns Read: Literary Evidence from the English Bridgettine House, Syon Abbey

Source: Mediaeval Studies , 57., ( 1995): Pages 205 - 222.
Year of Publication: 1995.

153. Record Number: 1650
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Introduction [discusses the social constraints and the sources of religious knowledge available to late medieval Castilian nuns who wrote devotional literature and accounts of their own visions].

Source: Writing Women in Late Medieval and Early Modern Spain: The Mothers of Saint Teresa of Avila. Ronald E. Surtz . University of Pennsylvania Press, 1995. Mediaeval Studies , 57., ( 1995): Pages 1 - 20.
Year of Publication: 1995.

154. Record Number: 1651
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : The New Judith: Teresa de Cartagena [analysis of the "Admiraçión operum dey," a defense of Teresa's first text, the "Arboleda de los enfermos"; the chapter focuses on three images in the text: bark/pith as a symbol for male and female and, as symbols of the author, the biblical Judith and the blind man on the road to Jericho].

155. Record Number: 1652
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Costanza de Castilla and the Gynaeceum of Compassion [Costanza, royal princess and prioress, wrote for a female audience and celebrated the feminine virtues of compassion and motherhood].

156. Record Number: 385
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : For Hereby I Hope to Rouse Some to Piety: Books of Sisters From Convents and Sister- Houses Associated with the "Devotio Moderna" in the Low Countries [convent of Saint Mary and Saint Agnes at Diepenveen and the house of Master Geert].

Source: Women, the Book and the Godly: Selected Proceedings of the St. Hilda's Conference, 1993. Volume 1 [Volume 2: Women, the Book and the Worldly]. Edited by Lesley Smith and Jane H. M. Taylor . D.S. Brewer, 1995. Mediaeval Studies , 57., ( 1995): Pages 27 - 40.
Year of Publication: 1995.

157. Record Number: 2307
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Taste and See the Goodness of the Lord: Mechtild of Hackeborn

Source: Hidden Springs: Cistercian Monastic Women. Book Two. Medieval Religious Women Volume Three. Edited by John A. Nichols and Lillian Thomas Shank, O.S.C.O Cistercian Studies Series . Cistercian Publications, 1995. Mediaeval Studies , 57., ( 1995): Pages 509 - 524.
Year of Publication: 1995.

158. Record Number: 2287
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Cistercian Nuns in Twelfth and Thirteenth Century England [essay concludes with a list of English Cistercian nunneries, their locations, founding dates, rank as priory or abbey, and dates of dissolution].

Source: Hidden Springs: Cistercian Monastic Women. Book One. Medieval Religious Women Volume Three. Edited by John A. Nichols and Lillian Thomas Shank, O.S.C.O Cistercian Studies Series . Cistercian Publications, 1995. Mediaeval Studies , 57., ( 1995): Pages 49 - 61.
Year of Publication: 1995.

159. Record Number: 2300
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Love and Knowledge in "Seven Manners of Loving"

Source: Hidden Springs: Cistercian Monastic Women. Book One. Medieval Religious Women Volume Three. Edited by John A. Nichols and Lillian Thomas Shank, O.S.C.O Cistercian Studies Series . Cistercian Publications, 1995. Mediaeval Studies , 57., ( 1995): Pages 361 - 376.
Year of Publication: 1995.

160. Record Number: 351
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Beatrice of Nazareth (c. 1200-1268): A Search for Her True Spirituality

Source: Vox Mystica: Essays on Medieval Mysticism in Honor of Professor Valerie M Lagorio. Edited by Anne Clark Bartlett, Thomas H. Bestul, Janet Goebel, and William F. Pollard . D.S. Brewer, 1995. Mediaeval Studies , 57., ( 1995): Pages 57 - 74.
Year of Publication: 1995.

161. Record Number: 29
Author(s): Smith, Julia M H.
Contributor(s):
Title : Problem of Female Sanctity in Carolingian Europe c. 780-920

Source: Past and Present (Full Text via JSTOR) 146 (Feb. 1995): 3-37. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1995.

162. Record Number: 487
Author(s): Hollis, Stephanie.
Contributor(s):
Title : Anglo- Saxon Women: Medieval Knowledge and Miracles of Healing [Thirtieth International Congress on Medieval Studies, the Medieval Institute, Western Michigan University, May 4-7, 1995. Thirtieth Symposium on the Sources of Anglo- Saxon Culture, co- sponsered by the Institute and CEMERS, Binghamton University. Session 134].

Source: Old English Newsletter , 28., 3 (Spring 1995):
Year of Publication: 1995.

163. Record Number: 431
Author(s): Spijker, Ineke van’t.
Contributor(s):
Title : Family Ties: Mothers and Virgins in the Ninth Century [saints Waudru de Mons, her sister, Aldegonde de Maubeuge, and Rictrude de Marchiennes].

Source: Sanctity and Motherhood: Essays on Holy Mothers in the Middle Ages. Edited by Anneke B. Mulder-Bakker Garland Medieval Casebooks, 14. Garland Publishing, 1995. Old English Newsletter , 28., 3 (Spring 1995): Pages 164 - 190.
Year of Publication: 1995.

164. Record Number: 95
Author(s): Wood, Jeryldene M.
Contributor(s):
Title : Breaking the Silence: The Poor Clares and the Visual Arts in Fifteenth-Century Italy

Source: Renaissance Quarterly (Full Text via JSTOR) 48, 2 (Summer 1995): 262-286. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1995.

165. Record Number: 1209
Author(s): Spreckelmeyer, Antha.
Contributor(s):
Title : Feminine Experience in the Nothern Metrical Version of the Benedictine Rule [differences in emphasis in the metrical translation indicate issues of concern for nuns' behavior].

Source: Magistra , 1., 2 (Winter 1995): Pages 267 - 280.
Year of Publication: 1995.

166. Record Number: 488
Author(s): Hawkes, A. Jane.
Contributor(s):
Title : An Iconography of Female "Humilitas": The Wirksworth Slab and Its Audience [Thirtieth International Congress on Medieval Studies, the Medieval Institute, Western Michigan University, May 4-7, 1995. Thirtieth Symposium on the Sources of Anglo- Saxon Culture, co- sponsered by the Institute and CEMERS, Binghamton University. Session 53].

Source: Old English Newsletter , 28., 3 (Spring 1995):
Year of Publication: 1995.

167. Record Number: 113
Author(s): Hunt, Tony.
Contributor(s):
Title : Anglo-Norman Treatise on Female Religious [edition of a 13th century text explaining the nature of the nunÕs vocation]

Source: Medium Aevum , 64., 2 ( 1995): Pages 205 - 231.
Year of Publication: 1995.

168. Record Number: 1122
Author(s): Tinsley, David F.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Spirituality of Suffering in the Revelations of Elsbeth von Oye

Source: Mystics Quarterly , 21., 4 (December 1995): Pages 121 - 147.
Year of Publication: 1995.

169. Record Number: 395
Author(s): Whalen, Georges.
Contributor(s):
Title : Patronage Engendered: How Goscelin Allayed the Concerns of Nuns' Discriminatory Publics [Anglo-Norman influences detrimental to women's monastic communities].

Source: Women, the Book and the Godly: Selected Proceedings of the St. Hilda's Conference, 1993. Volume 1 [Volume 2: Women, the Book and the Worldly]. Edited by Lesley Smith and Jane H. M. Taylor . D.S. Brewer, 1995. Mystics Quarterly , 21., 4 (December 1995): Pages 123 - 135.
Year of Publication: 1995.

170. Record Number: 430
Author(s): Nie, Giselle de.
Contributor(s):
Title : Consciousness Fecund Through God : From Male Fighter to Spiritual Bride- Mother in Late Antique Female Sanctity [though most of the article deals with women before 450 C.E., the last section (pp. 139-149) concerns Queen Radegunde as a spiritual mother].

Source: Sanctity and Motherhood: Essays on Holy Mothers in the Middle Ages. Edited by Anneke B. Mulder-Bakker Garland Medieval Casebooks, 14. Garland Publishing, 1995. Mystics Quarterly , 21., 4 (December 1995): Pages 100 - 161.
Year of Publication: 1995.

171. Record Number: 1309
Author(s): Rublack, Ulinka.
Contributor(s):
Title : Female Spirituality and the Infant Jesus in Late Medieval Dominican Convents [Margaretha Ebner's experiences with an infant Jesus doll need to be understood within the contexts of her spiritual desire and her social condition as a nun].

Source: Gender and History , 6., 1 (April 1994): Pages 37 - 57.
Year of Publication: 1994.

172. Record Number: 1573
Author(s): Halpin, Patricia.
Contributor(s):
Title : Women Religious in Late Anglo-Saxon England [while nunneries declined in numbers, endowments, and influence during the post-reform period, evidence suggests that religious women, individually and in small groups, were affiliated informally with men's foundations].

Source: The Haskins Society Journal , 6., ( 1994): Pages 97 - 110.
Year of Publication: 1994.

173. Record Number: 1636
Author(s): Lachance, Paul.
Contributor(s):
Title : Battista da Varona (1458-1524): A Survey of Her Life and Writing as a Poor Clare Visionary

Source: Mystics Quarterly , 20., 1 (March 1994): Pages 19 - 25.
Year of Publication: 1994.

174. Record Number: 1327
Author(s): Mellinger, Laura.
Contributor(s):
Title : Politics in the Convent: The Election of a Fifteenth Century Abbess [the record of Perrine du Feu's election by scrutin gives evidence of political maneuvering and factionalism; in the end the rank and file prevailed over the older, higher ranking members].

Source: Church History (Full Text via JSTOR) 63, 4 (Dec. 1994): 529-540. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1994.

175. Record Number: 3516
Author(s): Roberts, Ann M.
Contributor(s):
Title : Chiara Gambacorta of Pisa as Patroness of the Arts [the author argues that Prioress Chiara Gambacorta had an important role in commissioning and in choosing the subject, style, and imagery of the paintings produced for the convent of San Domenico, many of which represented female saints including Catherine of Siena and Bridget of Sweden].

Source: Creative Women in Medieval and Early Modern Italy: A Religious and Artistic Renaissance. Edited by E. Ann Matter and John Coakley . University of Pennsylvania Press, 1994. Pages 120 - 154.
Year of Publication: 1994.

176. Record Number: 1305
Author(s): Brundage, James A. and Elizabeth M. Makowski
Contributor(s):
Title : Enclosure of Nuns: The Decretal "Periculoso" and Its Commentators [Benedict's decretal required strict enclosure for all nuns, regardless of the rule under which they lived or their rank; the authors include a translation of "Periculoso" in an appendix, pages 154-155].

Source: Journal of Medieval History , 20., 2 (June 1994): Pages 143 - 155.
Year of Publication: 1994.

177. Record Number: 6710
Author(s): Montesano, Marina.
Contributor(s):
Title : Chiara di Assisi: Assisi, 15-17 ottobre 1992 [Clare's vocation was closely tied to the mission of Francis; her order of nuns started with a Franciscan emphasis on poverty, but it was assimilated to traditional models of female monasticism; recent studies recover something of the personalities of Clare and Agnes of Prague from the stereotypes of hagiography].

Source: Quaderni Medievali , 35., (giugno 1993): Pages 179 - 184.
Year of Publication: 1993.

178. Record Number: 11205
Author(s): Leyser, Conrad.
Contributor(s):
Title : Long-haired Kings and Short-haired Nuns: Writing on the Body in Caesarius of Arles [The rule of the convent of St. John’s, founded by Bishop Caesarius of Arles in 512, specifies that the nuns have short hair. Futhermore, the nuns’ hair must be no longer than the specific length of a certain mark written in the regula manuscripts themselves. This hair length mandate may have arisen out of a desire to distinguish people in monastic orders from the kings in Germaic cultures, who commonly wore long hair. Rather than being a misogynist requirement derived from Scriptural passages on women’s appearance, this hair rule encourages a monastic identification between men and women and builds a tightly-knight community of religious women that resists outside social pressures. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Studia Patristica , 24., ( 1993): Pages 143 - 150. Papers presented at the Eleventh International Conference on Patristic Studies held in Oxford 1991. Historica, Theologica et Philosophica, Gnostica
Year of Publication: 1993.

179. Record Number: 11207
Author(s): Gillette, Gertrude, O. S. B.
Contributor(s):
Title : Radegund’s Monastery of Poitiers: the Rule and its Observance [When she founded her monastery, Radegund established a Rule which stated that a nun must not leave the monastery up to the time of her death. While the Rule was intended to limit the nuns’ contact with the outside world, the nuns actually had frequent interactions with outsiders. Daily life did not necessarily correspond to the Rule, and nuns could adapt their interpretation of the Rule to suit special circumstances or to serve their own personal motivations. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Studia Patristica , 25., ( 1993): Pages 381 - 387. Papers presented at the Eleventh International Conference on Patristic Studies held in Oxford 1991. Biblica et Apocrypha, Orientalia, Ascetica
Year of Publication: 1993.

180. Record Number: 10225
Author(s): King, Catherine.
Contributor(s):
Title : Medieval and Renaissance Matrons, Italian-style [Women were able to commission art and architecture in fourteenth and fifteenth century Italy in a variety of ways, even if their involvement in the production of images and construction of buildings wasn’t as widespread as men’s. For instance, wealthy widows could control the making of large, public images such as funerary altarpieces, while nuns could commission artwork and buildings through convent endowments. Through their acts of patronage, these “matrons” challenged conventional expectations that women inhabit a small, private sphere. The author also analyzes how women chose to represent themselves visually within the works they commissioned. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte , 55., ( 1992): Pages 372 - 393.
Year of Publication: 1992.

181. Record Number: 10780
Author(s): Wood, Chauncey.
Contributor(s):
Title : Three Chaucerian Widows: Tales of Innocence and Experience [The author contrasts the Wife of Bath with the Prioress and the Second Nun, finding her lacking in mercy and preoccupied with worldly concerns. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: A Wyf Ther Was: Essays in Honour of Paule Mertens-Fonck. Edited by Juliette Dor . English Department, University of Liège, 1992. Studia Patristica , 25., ( 1993): Pages 282 - 290.
Year of Publication: 1992.

182. Record Number: 10298
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Art, Enclosure and the "Cura Monialium": Prolegomena in the Guise of a Postscript [The author addresses the question of female spirituality in the Middle Ages by looking both at monastic architecture and female patronage within the visual arts. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Gesta 31, 2 (1992): 108-134. Link InfoReprinted in The Visual and the Visionary: Art and Female Spirituality in Late Medieval Germany. By Jeffrey F. Hamburger. Zone Books, 1998. Pages 35-109.
Year of Publication: 1992.

183. Record Number: 7413
Author(s): Hahn, Thomas.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Performance of Gender in the Prioress [The author argues that Chaucer's Prioress both wears a kind of "mask of womanliness," and also identifies herself with a predominantly masculine Christian community by performing femininity. Title note supplied by Feminae].

Source: Chaucer Yearbook , 1., ( 1992): Pages 111 - 134.
Year of Publication: 1992.

184. Record Number: 8662
Author(s): Waddell, Chrysogonus, O.C.S.O.
Contributor(s):
Title : One Day in the Life of the Savigniac Nun: Jehanne de Deniscourt [The author describes the daily life of a nun at the priory of Les Blanches (one of a group of Cistercian abbeys founded near Savigny, France, in the twelfth century). The exact date the author imaginatively reconstructs is the Feast Day of Saint Cecilia (November 22) in the year 1232. The article offers detailed descriptions of all twenty articles of the rule of the nuns of Les Blanches, which establishes guidelines regarding such things as the age of novices, proper clothing and attire, kitchen duties, female servants, food provisions, and community income. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Cistercian Studies Quarterly , 26., 2 ( 1991): Pages 134 - 151.
Year of Publication: 1991.

185. Record Number: 9530
Author(s): France, James.
Contributor(s):
Title : From Bernard to Bridget: Cistercian Contribution to a Unique Scandinavian Monastic Body

Source: Cîteaux: Revue d'Histoire Cistercienne , 42., ( 1991): Pages 479 - 495.
Year of Publication: 1991.

186. Record Number: 10887
Author(s): Coakley, John
Contributor(s):
Title : Gender and the Authority of Friars: The Significance of Holy Women for Thirteenth-Century Franciscans and Dominicans [In their letters and other writings, friars often reflected on their relationships with devout women. As preachers, friars exerted pastoral authority over devout women, but they also saw these particular women as having a privileged relationship with God. Although the friars admired the close relationship these women had with the divine, they also asserted their own distance and superiority over the women along the lines of gender difference. At the same time, the friars used gender difference as a means of expressing doubts about themselves and the limits of their own powers. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Church History , 60., 4 ( 1991): Pages 445 - 460.
Year of Publication: 1991.

187. Record Number: 8663
Author(s): Fulton, Helen.
Contributor(s):
Title : Medieval Welsh Poems to Nuns [Among the poems of the "cywyddwyr" (medieval Welsh poets) is a sub-genre of erotic poems addressed to nuns; the speaker presents himself as a suitor while the nun takes the position of the disdainful courtly maiden. Although irreverent, these poems are not satirical and serve as genuine love songs. The five poems the author examines in this article are attributed to the fourteenth-century poet Dafydd Ap Gwilym, but the language and style of all but one of them point to a fifteenth-century composition date. The appendix transcribes these five poems in Welsh with English translations. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Cambridge Medieval Celtic Studies , 21., (Summer 1991): Pages 87 - 112.
Year of Publication: 1991.

188. Record Number: 10680
Author(s): Stoudt, Debra L.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Production and Preservation of Letters by Fourteenth-Century Dominican Nuns [Dominican priests often advised members of female religious houses on both practical and spiritual matters, and at times they aided women writers like Margaretha Ebner and Elsbeth Stagel as scribes or editors of their work. Letters by priests to nuns are more likely to be preserved than correspondence written by nuns themselves. The author gives two major reasons for the discrepancy: the letters were pereived to have historical and instructional values for the convent community, and priests held higher rank in the church hierarchy than nuns. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Mediaeval Studies , 53., ( 1991): Pages 309 - 326.
Year of Publication: 1991.

189. Record Number: 12756
Author(s): Carrasco, Magdalena Elizabeth
Contributor(s):
Title : Spirituality in Context: The Romanesque Illustrated Life of Saint Radegund of Poitiers (Poitiers, Bibliotheque Municipale, MS 250)

Source: Art Bulletin , 72., 3 ( 1990): Pages 414 - 435.
Year of Publication: 1990.

190. Record Number: 11197
Author(s): Head, Thomas.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Marriages of Christina of Markyate

Source: Viator , 21., ( 1990): Pages 75 - 101.
Year of Publication: 1990.

191. Record Number: 28769
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Allegorical Harvesting Scene

Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Mittelrheinischer_Meister_des_13._Jahrhunderts_001.jpg/250px-Mittelrheinischer_Meister_des_13._Jahrhunderts_001.jpg
Year of Publication:

192. Record Number: 28822
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Isidore of Seville presents his work to Florentine (or Florentina), his sister

Source:
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193. Record Number:
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Garden of Earthly Delights, detail: Pig wearing Nun's Habit

Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Bosch-detail.jpg/250px-Bosch-detail.jpg
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194. Record Number: 30932
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Tree of Jesse

Source:
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195. Record Number: 31182
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Panel from the Humility Polyptych - Umilta cures a nun of a hemorrhage

Source:
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196. Record Number: 31183
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Panel from the Humility Polyptych - The miraculous discovery of ice in August

Source:
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197. Record Number: 31215
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Ladder of Virtue

Source:
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198. Record Number: 31217
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Dedicatory Image of the Lippoldsberg Gospels

Source:
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199. Record Number: 31892
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Nun Harvesting Phalluses from a Phallus Tree and a Monk and Nun Embracing

Source:
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200. Record Number: 31967
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : The abbess of White Nuns cuts the hair of a novice

Source:
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201. Record Number: 31999
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Origen Castrating Himself before a Nun

Source:
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202. Record Number: 32315
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : The Prioress, from the Ellesmere Chaucer

Source:
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203. Record Number: 32320
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : St Elizabeth of Hungary clothing a beggar

Source:
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204. Record Number: 34056
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Convent of St. Katherine’s Copy of the Chronicle of Töss

Source:
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205. Record Number: 36280
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Saint Catherine of Bologna with Three Donors

Source:
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206. Record Number: 37534
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Vision of St Bernard

Source:
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207. Record Number: 40909
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Christ with adoring nun (fol. 149v); Swaddled infant Christ (fol. 157r)

Source:
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208. Record Number: 40969
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Singing nuns

Source:
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209. Record Number: 43662
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Historiated initial of Guda

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210. Record Number: 45020
Author(s):
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Title : The sick in their beds

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211. Record Number: 45127
Author(s):
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Title : Abbess teaching nuns

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212. Record Number: 45132
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Saint Hedwig discovers a hedgehog

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213. Record Number: 45168
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Nuns in choir stalls

Source:
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214. Record Number: 45169
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Nuns’ choir at Wienhausen Abbey

Source:
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