Feminae: Medieval Women and Gender Index

231 Record(s) Found in our database

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1. Record Number: 44487
Author(s): Williams Boyarin, Adrienne
Contributor(s):
Title : Alice the Convert of Worcester

Source: The Christian Jew and the Unmarked Jewess. Adrienne Williams Boyarin. Edited by Adrienne Williams Boyarin, translator of Appendix 3 Alice the Convert of Worcester . University of Pennsylvania Press, 2021. Pages 239 - 242. Available with a subscription from De Gruyter: https://doi.org/10.9783/9780812297508-014
Year of Publication: 2021.

2. Record Number: 43540
Author(s): Lawless, Catherine
Contributor(s):
Title : ‘Make your house like a temple’: Gender, Space and Domestic Devotion in Medieval Florence

Source: Religions , 11., 3 ( 2020): Pages [1] - [21]. Available open access on the MDPI website: https://doi.org/10.3390/rel11030120
Year of Publication: 2020.

3. Record Number: 44627
Author(s): Cavell, Emma
Contributor(s):
Title : Women, Memory and the Genesis of a Priory in Norman Monmouth

Source: Anglo-Norman Studies: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 2019 , 42., ( 2020): Pages 45 - 60. This journal is available with a subscription from JSTOR: https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvxhrjvk.8
and from Cambridge University Press: https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781787449138%23c3/type/book_part
Year of Publication: 2020.

4. Record Number: 43993
Author(s): Merkley, Paul,
Contributor(s):
Title : Feminine Way and Feminine Voice: Jeanne de Laval as "Patronnne": Book Production and Collection

Source: Music and Patronage in the Court of René d’Anjou: Sacred and Secular Music in the Literary Program and Ceremonial. Paul Merkley . Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2017. Anglo-Norman Studies: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 2019 , 42., ( 2020): Pages 169 - 181.
Year of Publication: 2017.

5. Record Number: 36620
Author(s): Ward, Jennifer
Contributor(s):
Title : Elizabeth de Burgh, Lady of Clare (1295-1360): Household and Other Records

Source: Elizabeth de Burgh, Lady of Clare (1295-1360): Household and Other Records. Jennifer Ward . Boydell Press, 2014. Anglo-Norman Studies: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 2019 , 42., ( 2020): Pages 1 - 154.
Year of Publication: 2014.

6. Record Number: 27565
Author(s): Garver, Valerie L.
Contributor(s):
Title : Weaving Words in Silk: Women and Inscribed Bands in the Carolingian World [The author analyzes three silk woven bands surviving from Carolingian Germany: Witgar’s belt, Ailbecunda band, and the Speyer band. Witgar’s belt was a gift from Emma, wife of King Louis the German, to Witgar, the future bishop of Augsburg. In these three cases women not only donated high-status silk inscribed bands, but evidence also points to women as weavers of the tablet bands. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Medieval Clothing and Textiles , 6., ( 2010): Pages 33 - 56.
Year of Publication: 2010.

7. Record Number: 27568
Author(s): Stanford, Charlotte A.
Contributor(s):
Title : Donations from the Body for the Soul: Apparel, Devotion, and Status in Late Medieval Strasbourg [The author analyzes evidence of lay people’s contributions to the building and services of Strasbourg’s cathedral as recorded in the “Book of Donors” from the early fourteenth century to 1521. Many people contributed clothing and related items, both for resale and for use in liturgical services. Stanford notes women’s participation as donors and the varieties of women’s clothing and ornaments given as gifts. She underlines the personal nature of many women’s gifts including elaborate linens decorated with gold and silk destined for the Virgin’s chapel. The appendices include a glossary of apparel-related terms in the “Book of Donors” both in Latin and in German (pages 199-205). Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Medieval Clothing and Textiles , 6., ( 2010): Pages 173 - 205.
Year of Publication: 2010.

8. Record Number: 27613
Author(s): Gaudette, Helen A.,
Contributor(s):
Title : The Spending Power of a Crusader Queen: Melisende of Jerusalem [The author analyzes three projects which Melisende supported in part to increase public support for her rule: Bethgibelin Castle, the women's monastery of Bethany, and the covered market street in Jerusalem called "Malquisinat" (literally the Street of Bad Cooking). Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Women and Wealth in Late Medieval Europe. Edited by Theresa Earenfight The New Middle Ages. . Palgrave Macmillan, 2010. Medieval Clothing and Textiles , 6., ( 2010): Pages 135 - 148.
Year of Publication: 2010.

9. Record Number: 28447
Author(s): Simms, Katharine.
Contributor(s):
Title : Bardic Poems of Consolation to Bereaved Irish Ladies

Source: Medieval Italy, Medieval and Early Modern Women: Essays in Honour of Christine Meek. Edited by Conor Kostick . Four Courts Press, 2010. Medieval Clothing and Textiles , 6., ( 2010): Pages 220 - 230.
Year of Publication: 2010.

10. Record Number: 29907
Author(s): Berman, Constance Hoffman
Contributor(s):
Title : Two Medieval Women’s Property and Religious Benefactions in France: Eleanor of Vermandois and Blanche of Castile

Source: Viator , 41., 2 ( 2010): Pages 151 - 182.
Year of Publication: 2010.

11. Record Number: 24047
Author(s): Wells, Scott
Contributor(s):
Title : The Politics of Gender and Ethnicity in East Francia: The Case of Gandersheim, ca. 850-950 [The author argues that the women’s community at the monastery of Gandersheim was important because it conveyed multiple meanings for the Liudolfing-Saxon dynasty during a period of shifting familial and ethnic politics. During this time variations in royal support coincided with the monastery’s success or failure at articulating the ruling dynasty’s political identity. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Negotiating Community and Difference in Medieval Europe: Gender, Power, Patronage, and the Authority of Religion in Latin Christendom. Edited by Katherine Allen Smith and Scott Wells Studies in the History of Christian Traditions . Brill, 2009. Viator , 41., 2 ( 2010): Pages 113 - 135.
Year of Publication: 2009.

12. Record Number: 27576
Author(s): Georgiadou, Sofia,
Contributor(s):
Title : The Architectural Projects of Nikephoros I Komnenos Doukas (1266/8-1296/8) and Anna Palaiologina in Arta, Epiros

Source: Byzantine Studies Conference , 35., ( 2009): Pages 83 - 84.
Year of Publication: 2009.

13. Record Number: 24050
Author(s): Smith, Kathryn A.
Contributor(s):
Title : Book, Body, and the Construction of Self in the Taymouth Hours [The author analyzes miniatures and bas de page illustrations in a book of hours made for an English royal woman in the 1330s. Smith finds evidence of models of appropriate devout behavior for the laity. The portrait of the book owner at prayer during mass shows her with hands extended and the book of hours at her side. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

14. Record Number: 45724
Author(s): Mac Shamhráin, Ailbhe,
Contributor(s):
Title : Derbfhorgaill

Source: Dictionary of Irish Biography Edited by James McGuire and James Quinn . Cambridge University Press, 2009. Byzantine Studies Conference , 35., ( 2009): Available open access from the Dictionary of Irish Biography, a project of the Royal Irish Academy: https://www.dib.ie/biography/derbfhorgaill-a2532
Year of Publication: 2009.

15. Record Number: 24048
Author(s): Berman, Constance Hoffman
Contributor(s):
Title : Noble Women's Power as Reflected in the Foundations of Cistercian Houses for Nuns in Thirteenth-Century Northern France: Port-Royal, les Clairets, Moncey, Lieu and Eau-lez-Chartres [The author examines five Cistercian female houses supported by Matilda of Brunswick, the Countess of the Perche; Matilda of Garlande, Lady of Marly; and Isabelle, Countess of Chartres with the help of her daughter, Matilda of Amboise. Berman argues that these actions reveal the power and authority women exercised and need to be incorporated into the historical narrative. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

16. Record Number: 19088
Author(s): Goldfrank, David M.
Contributor(s):
Title : Sisterhood Just Might be Powerful: The Testament-Rule of Elena Devochkina [A testament-rule survives for the women’s monastery of Novodevichi in Moscow. It was written by the monastery’s superior, Elena Devochkina, around the middle of the sixteenth century. Goldfrank argues that Devochkina’s rule for her nuns is unusual in the emphasis she places on their role in praying to ensure new heirs for Ivan IV and his younger brother. The article concludes with an English language translation of the testament-rule. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Russian History , 34., 40182 (Spring-Summer-Fall-Winter 2007): Pages 189 - 205.
Year of Publication: 2007.

17. Record Number: 20867
Author(s): Cooke, Jessica
Contributor(s):
Title : De Catherina Beata da Bologna di Sabadino degli Arienti (1472) [In his “Gynevera,” Sabadino degli Arienti wrote a life of Caterina Vigri of Bologna. It was heavily paraphrased from a life by Suor Illuminata Bembo. Sabadino degli Arienti wrote the account as part of a collection of lives which he dedicated to Ginevra Sforza Bentivoglio, a member of Bologna’s ruling family. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Hagiographica: Rivista di agiografia e biografia della società internazionale per lo studio del Medioevo Latino/ Journal of Hagiography and Biography of Società Internazionale per lo studio del Medioevo Latino , 14., ( 2007): Pages 231 - 241.
Year of Publication: 2007.

18. Record Number: 26907
Author(s): Cavell, Emma
Contributor(s):
Title : The Burial of Noblewomen in Thirteenth-Century Shropshire

Source: Edited by Björn Weiler, Janet Burton, Phillipp Schofield, and Karen Stöber Boydell Press, Thirteenth Century England: Proceedings of the Gregynog Conference 2005 , 11., ( 2007): Pages 174 - 192.
Year of Publication: 2007.

19. Record Number: 15840
Author(s): Weddle, Saundra.
Contributor(s):
Title : Identity and Alliance: Urban Presence, Spatial Privilege, and Florentine Renaissance Convents [The author analyses the locations and functions of women's monasteries in late medieval and early modern Florence. Weddle argues that architectural spaces carried multiple meanings. Womens' monasteries were places of spiritual work, but they also could convey meanings related to patronage and politics. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Renaissance Florence: A Social History. Edited by Roger J. Crum and John T. Paoletti . Cambridge University Press, 2006. Thirteenth Century England: Proceedings of the Gregynog Conference 2005 , 11., ( 2007): Pages 394 - 412.
Year of Publication: 2006.

20. Record Number: 11759
Author(s): Hayum, Andrée
Contributor(s):
Title : A Renaissance Audience Considered: The Nuns at S. Apollonia and Castagno's "Last Supper" [The author explores the possible meanings of the Castagno fresco for the nuns who commissioned the work for their refectory in the monastery of Santa Apollonia in Florence. Hayum notes Castagno's dramatic effects in the scale of figures and the spatial illusion. This kind of immediacy fits with the numerous decoration in the monastery representing nuns recieving blessings from Saint Apollonia and praying before Christ on the crucifix. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Art Bulletin , 88., 2 ( 2006): Pages 243 - 266.
Year of Publication: 2006.

21. Record Number: 20730
Author(s): Mecham, June L
Contributor(s):
Title : Breaking Old Habits: Recent Research on Women, Spirituality, and the Arts in the Middle Ages

Source: History Compass , 4., 3 ( 2006): Pages 448 - 480.
Year of Publication: 2006.

22. Record Number: 11752
Author(s): Stanbury, Sarah and Virginia Chieffo Raguin
Contributor(s):
Title : Introduction [The authors briefly discuss ideas involved with women and their relations to the physical spaces of churches. They introduce theorists who have had an influence in this area including Pierre Bourdieu. They discuss the case of the squint, a hole in the screen around the chancel allowing a view of the altar, in terms of women's use and the subjective experience of peeping into a privileged space. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Women's Space: Patronage, Place, and Gender in the Medieval Church. Edited by Virginia Chieffo Raguin and Sarah Stanbury . State University of New York Press, 2005. History Compass , 4., 3 ( 2006): Pages 1 - 21.
Year of Publication: 2005.

23. Record Number: 14697
Author(s): Harvey, Ruth.
Contributor(s):
Title : Eleanor of Aquitaine and the Troubadours [The author looks at evidence of Eleanor's connections to troubadours. Despite some modern historians' optimistic constructions of Eleanor and her court as a haven for troubadours, there is virtually no documentation of troubadours either in her entourage or writing songs for her. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: The World of Eleanor of Aquitaine: Literature and Society in Southern France between the Eleventh and Thirteenth Centuries. Edited by Marcus Bull and Catherine Léglu . Boydell Press, 2005. Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome , 50., ( 2005): Pages 101 - 114.
Year of Publication: 2005.

24. Record Number: 11755
Author(s): Stanbury, Sarah.
Contributor(s):
Title : Margery Kempe and the Arts of Self-Patronage [The author argues that Margery Kempe frequently presents herself in her book as a patron and donor to the church. Stanbury compares this to surviving devotional art with donor portraits to suggest the imagery and social recognition Kempe may have had in mind. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

25. Record Number: 11758
Author(s): Heller, Ena Giurescu.
Contributor(s):
Title : Access to Salvation: The Place (and Space) of Women Patrons in Fourteenth-century Florence [The author provides a case study of Monna Andrea Acciaiuoli's patronage of her husband's family chapel in Santa Maria Novella. She commissioned the glass windows and the altarpiece. Heller raises the question of whether Monna Andrea and other female patrons had access to these family chapels beyond the rood screen. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

26. Record Number: 14124
Author(s): Legaré, Anne-Marie.
Contributor(s):
Title : La librairye de Madame: Two Princesses and Their Libraries [The author briefly surveys the manuscripts belonging to Margaret of York and Margaret of Austria. Margaret of York acquired a small number of French religious texts in line with her roles as wife and potential mother. In contrast her step-granddaughter c

Source: Women of Distinction: Margaret of York | Margaret of Austria. Edited by Dagmar Eichberger . Brepols, 2005. History Compass , 4., 3 ( 2006): Pages 206 - 219.
Year of Publication: 2005.

27. Record Number: 14125
Author(s): Fontaine, Marie Madeleine.
Contributor(s):
Title : Olivier de la Marche and Jean Lemaire de Belges: The Author and His Female Patron [The author briefly surveys the careers of the two men who were courtiers and poets in the service of Margaret of York and Margaret of Austria. Both wrote works celebrating women. Olivier de la Marche had a strong influence on the Burgundian court because

Source: Women of Distinction: Margaret of York | Margaret of Austria. Edited by Dagmar Eichberger . Brepols, 2005. History Compass , 4., 3 ( 2006): Pages 220 - 229.
Year of Publication: 2005.

28. Record Number: 14118
Author(s): De Jonge, Krista.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Principal Residences in Mechelen: The Court of Cambrai and the Court of Savoy [The author briefly discusses Margaret of York's rebuilding of the residence known as the "Court of Cambrai" in Mechelen, Belgium. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Women of Distinction: Margaret of York | Margaret of Austria. Edited by Dagmar Eichberger . Brepols, 2005. History Compass , 4., 3 ( 2006): Pages 56 - 66.
Year of Publication: 2005.

29. Record Number: 20782
Author(s): Trout, Dennis
Contributor(s):
Title : Theodelinda's Rome: "Ampullae," "Pittacia," and the Image of the City [Describes the political significance of Theodelinda's patronage of a collection of oils from the Roman "martyria," its repercussions on her relationship with Pope Gregory the Great, and that of Lombardy with the papacy in Rome. Also investigates how the burial locations of saints defined the layout of medieval cities. Title note supplied by Feminae].

Source: Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome , 50., ( 2005): Pages 131 - 145.
Year of Publication: 2005.

30. Record Number: 11753
Author(s): Evans, Ruth.
Contributor(s):
Title : Signs of the Body: Gender, Sexuality, and Space in York and the York Cycle [The author explores the Corpus Christi play cycle in York for the identities of women and space in plays concerning Eve and Procula, Pilate's wife. Also in the essay Evans considers social and political evidence of women's involvements with the plays as patrons and possibly as actresses in addition to the more usual cross-dressing males in female parts. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Women's Space: Patronage, Place, and Gender in the Medieval Church. Edited by Virginia Chieffo Raguin and Sarah Stanbury . State University of New York Press, 2005. Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome , 50., ( 2005): Pages 23 - 45.
Year of Publication: 2005.

31. Record Number: 14630
Author(s): Elliott, Janis and Cordelia Warr
Contributor(s):
Title : Introduction [The authors briefly survey Angevin patronage, the nuns' practices, the pictorial program, and the architectural scheme of the church of Santa Maria Donna Regina in Naples. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: The Church of Santa Maria Donna Regina: Art, Iconography, and Patronage in Fourteenth-Century Naples. Edited by Janis Elliott and Cordelia Warr . Ashgate, 2004. Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome , 50., ( 2005): Pages 1 - 12.
Year of Publication: 2004.

32. Record Number: 11530
Author(s): Bourdua, Louise.
Contributor(s):
Title : Guariento's Crucifix for Maria Bovolini in San Francesco, Bassano: Women and Franciscan Art in Italy During the Later

Source: Pope, Church and City: Essays in Honour of Brenda M. Bolton. Edited by Frances Andrews, Christoph Egger and Constance M. Rousseau Medieval Mediterranean . Brill, 2004. Historical Reflections/ Reflexions historiques , 30., 1 (Spring 2004): Pages 309 - 323.
Year of Publication: 2004.

33. Record Number: 14095
Author(s): Reimann, Heike.
Contributor(s):
Title : Cistercian Nuns in the High Middle Ages: The Cistercians of Bergen in the Principality of Rügen (North Germany)

Source: Cîteaux: Revue d'Histoire Cistercienne , 55., 40241 ( 2004): Pages 231 - 244.
Year of Publication: 2004.

34. Record Number: 14633
Author(s): Clear, Matthew J.
Contributor(s):
Title : Maria of Hungary as Queen, Patron, and Exemplar [The author considers Mary of Hungary's areas of influence including her role as regent ("vicar") during her husband's absences, her economic resources for political and religious activities, and her importance to her many family members as a support and a role model. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: The Church of Santa Maria Donna Regina: Art, Iconography, and Patronage in Fourteenth-Century Naples. Edited by Janis Elliott and Cordelia Warr . Ashgate, 2004. Cîteaux: Revue d'Histoire Cistercienne , 55., 40241 ( 2004): Pages 45 - 60.
Year of Publication: 2004.

35. Record Number: 14634
Author(s): Michalsky, Tanja.
Contributor(s):
Title : Mater serenissimi principis: The Tomb of Maria of Hungary

36. Record Number: 20789
Author(s): Stanbury, Sarah
Contributor(s):
Title : The clock in Filippino Lippi's Annunciation Tondo [Investigates the significance of Lippi's inclusion of a mechanical clock in his painting of the Annunciation in Gimignano through comparative analysis of contemporary works by Ghirlandaio and Botticelli. Issues of the cultural transition from feudal to merchant economy and domestic order are discussed, and the significance of the clock as a memento mori is disputed. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Studies in Iconography , 25., ( 2004): Pages 197 - 219.
Year of Publication: 2004.

37. Record Number: 14635
Author(s): Bruzelius, Caroline.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Architectural Context of Santa Maria Donna Regina [The author briefly surveys three aspects of the church's architecture: the organization of the spaces, the particular needs of Clarissan churches, and the development of the church's design in relation to other Neapolitan churches, especially the cathedral with the tomb of Charles I. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: The Church of Santa Maria Donna Regina: Art, Iconography, and Patronage in Fourteenth-Century Naples. Edited by Janis Elliott and Cordelia Warr . Ashgate, 2004. Studies in Iconography , 25., ( 2004): Pages 79 - 92.
Year of Publication: 2004.

38. Record Number: 11409
Author(s): Blumreich, Kathleen.
Contributor(s):
Title : I Ne Sey Noght is in Despyt of Women: Antifeminism in Robert de Gretham's Mirror

Source: Medieval Feminist Forum , 38., (Winter 2004): Pages 38 - 46.
Year of Publication: 2004.

39. Record Number: 11426
Author(s): Kennedy, Ruth,
Contributor(s):
Title : Spalding's "Alliterative Katherine Hymn": A Guild Connection from the South-East Midlands?

Source: Viator , 35., ( 2004): Pages 455 - 482.
Year of Publication: 2004.

40. Record Number: 14632
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Religious Patronage and Royal Propaganda in Angevin Naples: Santa Maria Donna Regina in Context [The author explores the Angevin rulers' connections with Franciscanism, their religious patronage generally, and their efforts to strengthen and lend prestige to their dynasty. Kelly maintains that Angevin support of Franciscan Spirituals and religious p

Source: The Church of Santa Maria Donna Regina: Art, Iconography, and Patronage in Fourteenth-Century Naples. Edited by Janis Elliott and Cordelia Warr . Ashgate, 2004. Viator , 35., ( 2004): Pages 27 - 43.
Year of Publication: 2004.

41. Record Number: 14749
Author(s): Doyle, Kara.
Contributor(s):
Title : Narratizing Marie of Ponthieu [The author analyzes three texts related to the life of Marie, countess of Ponthieu. She was heir to her father's holdings of Ponthieu but her husband's rebellion against the French king, Philippe Auguste, resulted in the forfeiture of her inheritance. Marie negotiated a settlement with Louis VIII, Philippe Auguste's successor. The three texts analyzed are: 1) the legal agreement between Marie and Lous VIII restoring her land and the inheritance rights to her children; 2) the "Roman de la Violette" by Gerbert de Montreuil in which Marie is acknowledged as patron; and the anonymous "Fille de comte de Ponthieu" in which the heroine's resemblance to Marie is less direct. Significantly all three texts downplay women's agency and do not portray the woman as holding land. Evidence suggests that Marie took direct action to regain her family's lands and privileges Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Historical Reflections/ Reflexions historiques , 30., 1 (Spring 2004): Pages 29 - 54.
Year of Publication: 2004.

42. Record Number: 14092
Author(s): Phillips, Kim M.
Contributor(s):
Title : Desiring Virgins: Maidens, Martyrs, and Femininity in Late Medieval England [The author explores the attractions of virgin martyr stories for young women in the audience. Phillips suggests that the treatment of sexual themes in these stories should be described as "parasexual" (borrowed from studies of Victorian bar maids), cases in which sexuality is acknowledged but is controlled. At the same time the young virgin martyrs are presented as beautiful, glamorous, and dressed in fashionable clothing; all of this was of prime interest to the young women in the audience. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Youth in the Middle Ages. Edited by P. J. P. Goldberg and Felicity Riddy . York Medieval Press in association with the Boydell Press, 2004. Historical Reflections/ Reflexions historiques , 30., 1 (Spring 2004): Pages 45 - 59.
Year of Publication: 2004.

43. Record Number: 11420
Author(s): Hall, Dianne.
Contributor(s):
Title : Necessary Collaborations: Religious Women and Lay Communities in Medieval Ireland, c. 1200-1540 [The author argues that the boundaries between Irish women's monastic houses and lay communities were permeable. Nuns sought good relations with neighbors and family members to ensure material and political support. Monastic women needed to ignore the rules of enclosure in order to adminster the monasteries' lands and keep in touch with their families. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Irish Women's History. Edited by Alan Hayes and Diane Urquhart . Irish Academic Press, 2004. Historical Reflections/ Reflexions historiques , 30., 1 (Spring 2004): Pages 15 - 28.
Year of Publication: 2004.

44. Record Number: 14640
Author(s): Elliott, Janis.
Contributor(s):
Title : The "Last Judgement": The Cult of Sacral Kingship and Dynastic Hopes for the Afterlife [The author argues that Queen Mary of Hungary used her royal patronage to create an iconography that was personally meaningful to her as well as an embodiment of the dynastic concerns of the Angevin house. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: The Church of Santa Maria Donna Regina: Art, Iconography, and Patronage in Fourteenth-Century Naples. Edited by Janis Elliott and Cordelia Warr . Ashgate, 2004. Historical Reflections/ Reflexions historiques , 30., 1 (Spring 2004): Pages 175 - 193.
Year of Publication: 2004.

45. Record Number: 14641
Author(s): Gardner, Julian.
Contributor(s):
Title : Santa Maria Donna Regina in its European Context [The author argues for Santa Maria Donna Regina's importance as a royal monastery for women. Other contemporary examples like Longchamps and Poissy do not survive. Furthermore, Mary of Hungary's tomb and the extensive fresco program incorporate complex dynastic and sacred themes. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

46. Record Number: 10963
Author(s): Strocchia, Sharon T.
Contributor(s):
Title : Taken into Custody: Girls and Convent Guardianship in Renaissance Florence

Source: Renaissance studies : journal of the Society for Renaissance Studies , 17., 2 (June 2003): Pages 177 - 200.
Year of Publication: 2003.

47. Record Number: 10901
Author(s): Nolan, Kathleen.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Tomb of Adelaide of Maurienne and the Visual Imagery of Capetian Queenship [The author argues that while Adelaide's seal establishes her authority through stable conservative imagery, her tomb sculpture marks her as an individual with a special connection to the sacred site. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Capetian Women. Edited by Kathleen Nolan . Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. Renaissance studies : journal of the Society for Renaissance Studies , 17., 2 (June 2003): Pages 45 - 76.
Year of Publication: 2003.

48. Record Number: 11950
Author(s): Shadis, Miriam and Constance Hoffman Berman
Contributor(s):
Title : A Taste of the Feast: Reconsidering Eleanor of Aquitaine's Female Descendants [The authors profile Eleanor's female descendants, especially her daughters and their daughters. In the lives of figures including Blanche of Castile and Leonor, queen of Aragon, Shadis and Berman analyze their uses of power in the areas of politics, patronage, and family. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Eleanor of Aquitaine: Lord and Lady. Edited by Bonnie Wheeler and John Carmi Parsons The New Middle Ages . Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. Cîteaux: Revue d'Histoire Cistercienne , 55., 40241 ( 2004): Pages 177 - 211.
Year of Publication: 2003.

49. Record Number: 8710
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : The Gender of Lordly Women: The Case of Adela of Blois [The author argues that scholars who view medieval women rulers as "honorary men" are wrong. Instead medieval understandings of gender and lordship situated ruling women like Adela within royal and noble families. While acknowledging that they sometimes needed to act like men, it did not negate their femininity since they fulfilled important roles as daughters, wives, and mothers. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Studies on Medieval and Early Modern Women: Pawns or Players? Edited by Christine Meek and Catherine Lawless . Four Courts Press, 2003. Renaissance studies : journal of the Society for Renaissance Studies , 17., 2 (June 2003): Pages 90 - 110.
Year of Publication: 2003.

50. Record Number: 8067
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Who is the Master of This Narrative? Maternal Patronage of the Cult of St. Margaret [The author argues that the needs of women in childbirth prevailed in the texts and images of Saint Margaret. The surviving artifacts emphasize her miraculous deliverance from the dragon although learned clerics tried to excise this doubtful incident from the tradition. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Gendering the Master Narrative: Women and Power in the Middle Ages. Edited by Mary C. Erler and Maryanne Kowaleski . Cornell University Press, 2003. Renaissance studies : journal of the Society for Renaissance Studies , 17., 2 (June 2003): Pages 94 - 104.
Year of Publication: 2003.

51. Record Number: 10906
Author(s): Hamilton, Tracy Chapman
Contributor(s):
Title : Queenship and Kinship in the French "Bible moralisée": The Example of Blanche of Castile and Vienna ÖNB 2554 [The author argues that the manuscript was commissioned by Blanche possibly during the early period of her regency. The repeated images of childbirth and Sainte Église in the illuminations emphasize Blanche's particular rights as mother and authorized regent. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Capetian Women. Edited by Kathleen Nolan . Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. Renaissance studies : journal of the Society for Renaissance Studies , 17., 2 (June 2003): Pages 177 - 208.
Year of Publication: 2003.

52. Record Number: 11944
Author(s): de La Roncière, Charles M. Bourel.
Contributor(s):
Title : Queen Eleanor and Aquitaine, 1137-1189 [The author analyzes 50 surviving charters which Eleanor issued in Aquitaine. While she served as Louis VII's agent, she had more authority during the early years of her marriage to Henry II. Following the long years of confinement ordered by Henry, Elean

Source: Eleanor of Aquitaine: Lord and Lady. Edited by Bonnie Wheeler and John Carmi Parsons The New Middle Ages . Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. Renaissance studies : journal of the Society for Renaissance Studies , 17., 2 (June 2003): Pages 55 - 76.
Year of Publication: 2003.

53. Record Number: 10908
Author(s): Stanton, Anne Rudloff.
Contributor(s):
Title : Isabelle of France and Her Manuscripts, 1308-58 [The manuscripts range in time across the queen's career. Some appear to have been used as readings for her children, while others were psalters and books of hours for Isabelle's private devotions. Women feature prominently in the illuminations, and political issues, such as Edward's shortcomings as a king, apparently are also a preoccupation. Title note supplied by Feminae. ].

Source: Capetian Women. Edited by Kathleen Nolan . Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. Renaissance studies : journal of the Society for Renaissance Studies , 17., 2 (June 2003): Pages 225 - 252.
Year of Publication: 2003.

54. Record Number: 10649
Author(s): MacLean, Simon.
Contributor(s):
Title : Queenship, Nunneries, and Royal Widowhood in Carolingian Europe [The author traces the political implications of these three phenomena which came together very strongly during the second half of the ninth century. MacLean uses case studies of Empress Richgard's management of the monastery of Andlau in Alsace and of Empress Engelberga's administration of S. Sisto in Piacenza, Italy. In both instances the royal widows drew on natal family ties and regional connections to establish their authority. MacLean suggests that the rise in queenly influence at this period was in part an effort to establish a moral role for queens whose reputations had been badly tarnished by such events as Lothar's divorce. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Past and Present , 178., (February 2003): Pages 3 - 38.
Year of Publication: 2003.

55. Record Number: 10659
Author(s): Murphy, Kevin J.F.
Contributor(s):
Title : Lilium inter spinas: Bianca Spini and the Decoration of the Spini Chapel in Santa Trinita [The author argues that Bianca, the widowed daughter of a wealthy and powerful member of the Spini family, commissioned an altarpiece for the family chapel with references to her personal identity. As a widow who evidently chose not to remarry, Bianca struggled with her husband's family for restitution of her dowry. The frequent suspicions about unmarried women's virtue seem to be answered in the Spini altarpiece painting of the Assumption by the Virgin's purity and authority. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Italian History and Culture , 8., ( 2002): Pages 51 - 65.
Year of Publication: 2002.

56. Record Number: 10515
Author(s): Spear, Valerie.
Contributor(s):
Title : Change and Decay? The Nunnery and the Secular World in Late Medieval England

Source: Our Medieval Heritage: Essays in Honour of John Tillotson for His 60th Birthday. Edited by Linda Rasmussen, Valerie Spear, and Dianne Tillotson . Merton Priory Press, 2002. Past and Present , 178., (February 2003): Pages 15 - 29.
Year of Publication: 2002.

57. Record Number: 6634
Author(s): Larson, Wendy R.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Role of Patronage and Audience in the Cults of Sts. Margaret and Marina of Antioch [the author compares the cults of the two saints who share virtually the same "vita" but whose powers and devotees were very different; Saint Marina offered help against demonic influences in general to men and women alike while Saint Margaret was most venerated for the aid she offered to women and babies in childbirth].

Source: Gender and Holiness: Men, Women, and Saints in Late Medieval Europe. Edited by Samantha J. E. Riches and Sarah Salih . Routledge, 2002. Past and Present , 178., (February 2003): Pages 23 - 35.
Year of Publication: 2002.

58. Record Number: 7270
Author(s): Beach, Alison I.
Contributor(s):
Title : Voices from a Distant Land: Fragments of a Twelfth-Century Nuns' Letter Collection [The author has identified nineteen full or partial letters written by nuns at Admont. Some are routine correspondence relating to patronage, but others are of a personal nature including a mother who wants her young daughter brought to her and a nun who

Source: Speculum , 77., 1 (January 2002): Pages 34 - 54.
Year of Publication: 2002.

59. Record Number: 9508
Author(s): Powell, Morgan
Contributor(s):
Title : Translating Scripture for "Ma Dame de Champagne": The Old French "Paraphrase" of Psalm 44 ("Eructavit") [The author analyzes the Old French translation of Psalm Forty-Four made for Marie de Champagne. The poet sets his wedding song for Christ and his bride, Holy Church, within the context of the secular court which is seen as the equivalent of heaven. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: The Vernacular Spirit: Essays on Medieval Religious Literature. Edited by Renate Blumenfeld-Kosinski, Duncan Robertson, and Nancy Bradley Warren . The New Middle Ages series. Palgrave, 2002. Speculum , 77., 1 (January 2002): Pages 83 - 103.
Year of Publication: 2002.

60. Record Number: 7250
Author(s): Golden, Judith K.
Contributor(s):
Title : Images of Instruction, Marie de Bretagne, and the Life of St. Eustace as Illustrated in British Library Ms. Egerton 745 [The author argues that Egerton 745 was commissioned by Marie de Bretagne, daughter of a duke of Brittany and granddaughter of a king and queen of England (hence the saints' lives included for two Breton saints and Edward the Confessor). She had the manuscript prepared for her son, choosing to emphasize role models, especially Saint Eustace, who were good husbands, fathers, and Christians. The Appendix lists and describes twenty-two works of art that represent the cycle of St. Eustace's life. Also included is a table that charts the various episodes represented in the twenty-two art works. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Insights and Interpretations: Studies in Celebrations of the Eighty-Fifth Anniversary of the Index of Christian Art. Edited by Colum Hourihane . Index of Christian Art, Department of Art and Archaeology, Princeton University in association with Princeton University Press, 2002. Speculum , 77., 1 (January 2002): Pages 60 - 84.
Year of Publication: 2002.

61. Record Number: 8851
Author(s): Blanton-Whetsell, Virginia.
Contributor(s):
Title : Imagines Aetheldredae: Mapping Hagiographic Representations of Abbatial Power and Religious Patronage [The author studies the veneration of Saint Æthelthryth (or Etheldreda) in England across the Middle Ages and across both lay and religious audiences. She argues that scholars frequently divide the evidence of a saint's cult along academic disciplinary lines. They thereby miss evidence that is crucial for their understanding of a saint and those who honored her. Appendix A is an extensive inventory of representations, texts, and buildings concerning or devoted to Saint Ethelreda. Known origins are also indicated. Appendix B is a chart that tabulates the data in Appendix A. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Studies in Iconography , 23., ( 2002): Pages 55 - 107.
Year of Publication: 2002.

62. Record Number: 8060
Author(s): McMillin, Linda.
Contributor(s):
Title : Anonymous Lives: Documents from the Benedictine Convent of Sant Pere de les Puelles [The author introduces three documents from a monastic archive in Barcelona. They all concern women who are disposing of financial assets, either through a will or through donations to the monastery upon becoming a nun there. In all three cases the women went to some length to ensure that their wishes would be obeyed. Latin texts of the documents along with English translations follow. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Women Writing Latin from Roman Antiquity to Early Modern Europe. Volume 2: Medieval Women Writing Latin. Edited by Laurie J. Churchill, Phyllis R. Brown, and Jane E. Jeffrey . Routledge, 2002. Studies in Iconography , 23., ( 2002): Pages 265 - 280.
Year of Publication: 2002.

63. Record Number: 6216
Author(s): Hamilton, Tracy Chapman
Contributor(s):
Title : The Fabrication of Gendered Memory: Queenship, Topography, and Scholastic Patronage of the Colleges de Navarre and Bourgogne in Fourteenth-Century Paris

Source: Seeing Gender: Perspectives on Medieval Gender and Sexuality. Gender and Medieval Studies Conference, King's College, London, January 4-6, 2002. . 2002. Studies in Iconography , 23., ( 2002):
Year of Publication: 2002.

64. Record Number: 8425
Author(s): Bourdua, Louise.
Contributor(s):
Title : Altichiero's "Anchona" for Margareta Lupi: A Context for a Lost Painting [The author uses documents, including an expense list for Margareta's trousseau, to establish the existence of the now-lost painting and the relationships around the condottiere Bonifacio Lupi. He commissioned the small panel painting by Altichiero for Ma

Source: Burlington Magazine , 144., 1190 (May 2002): Pages 291 - 293.
Year of Publication: 2002.

65. Record Number: 6200
Author(s): Batt, Catherine.
Contributor(s):
Title : Gendered Patronage and the Metatextual in Thomas Hoccleve's Series

Source: Seeing Gender: Perspectives on Medieval Gender and Sexuality. Gender and Medieval Studies Conference, King's College, London, January 4-6, 2002. . 2002. Burlington Magazine , 144., 1190 (May 2002):
Year of Publication: 2002.

66. Record Number: 10786
Author(s): Barefield, Laura.
Contributor(s):
Title : Lineage and Women's Patronage: Mary of Woodstock and Nicholas Trevet's "Les Cronicles" [The author explores Mary of Woodstock's impact as patron of a history that regularly took account of women in its listings of lineage. In this way, the author argues, aristocratic women displayed their power and preserved a record for their female descendants. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Medieval Feminist Forum , 33., (Spring 2002): Pages 21 - 30.
Year of Publication: 2002.

67. Record Number: 10210
Author(s): Talbot, Alice-Mary.
Contributor(s):
Title : Building Activity in Constantinople under Andronikos II: The Role of Women Patrons in the Construction and Restoration of Monasteries [The author notes the substantial number of both female patrons and women's monasteries during this period. The patrons are connected to the royal family by blood or marriage. Individuals profiled include Theodora Raoulaina, Maria Palaiologina, Theodora Synadene, Irene Choumnaina Palaiologina, and Maria Doukaina Komnene Branaina Palaiologina. The women were all widows at the time of their donations and gave substantial gifts for a monastery to which they could retire and where they could bury their family members. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Byzantine Constantinople: Monuments, Topography, and Everyday Life. Edited by Nevra Necipoglu. The Medieval Mediterranean: Peoples, Economies, and Cultures, 400-1453, Volume 33 Medieval Mediterranean, 33. Brill, 2001. New Medieval Literatures , 4., ( 2001): Pages 329 - 343.
Year of Publication: 2001.

68. Record Number: 6256
Author(s): Halpin, Patricia.
Contributor(s):
Title : Women and Piety. Part Three of Court and Piety in Late Anglo-Saxon England by Mary Frances Smith, Robin Fleming, and Patricia Halpin [the author focuses on the often rich material goods, sometimes of their own making, that women gave to the Church, including embroideries, woven cloth, ecclesiastical vestments, crucifixes, books, and jewelry; the author argues that women in general were concerned with encouraging a private, personal spirituality and had more control over the dispersal of their material goods than their land].

Source: Catholic Historical Review (Full Text via Project Muse) 87, 4 (October 2001): 588-602. Link Info
Year of Publication: 2001.

69. Record Number: 6239
Author(s): Gaunt, Simon B.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Women Patrons of Neri di Bicci [The author surveys the works that ten secular women commissioned from the painter Neri di Bicci between 1453 and 1475; the author analyzes the group of women in terms of marital status and social class and compares them with the men who requested art wor

Source: Beyond Isabella: Secular Women Patrons of Art in Renaissance Italy. Edited by Sheryl E. Reiss and David G. Wilkins . Sixteenth Century Essays and Studies, Volume 54. Truman State University Press, 2001. Pages 51 - 75.
Year of Publication: 2001.

70. Record Number: 21266
Author(s): Rossi Vairo, Giulia
Contributor(s):
Title : Isabella d'Aragona, "Rainha santa de Portugal," e il monastero di Santa Clara e Santa Isabel di Coimbra (1286-1336) [The monastery of Santa Clara e Santa Isabel was founded by Donna Mor Dias in 1286. Isabel, queen of Portugal, took over patronage of the monastery, refounded it, and completed the buildings. Isabel played a key role in the building project and secured favors for the monastery from the pope. The Queen played an active role in the community's life down to her death, when she was buried in the monastery. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Collectanea Franciscana , 71., 40180 ( 2001): Pages 139 - 170.
Year of Publication: 2001.

71. Record Number: 5539
Author(s): Baader, Gerhard.
Contributor(s):
Title : Elections of Abbesses and Notions of Identity in Fifteenth- and Sixteenth-Century Italy, with Special Reference to Venice

Source: Renaissance Quarterly (Full Text via JSTOR) 54, 2 (Summer 2001): 389-429. Link Info
Year of Publication: 2001.

72. Record Number: 8956
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Women and the Circulation of Books [The author argues that patronage has been regarded as the dominant, if not exclusive, means by which people acquired books at the French court. However, there were other ways that women were more likely to have books including inheritance, wedding presents, and New Year's Day gifts. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Journal of the Early Book Society for the Study of Manuscripts and Printing History , 4., ( 2001): Pages 9 - 31. Issue Title: Women and Book Culture in Late Medieval and Early Modern France
Year of Publication: 2001.

73. Record Number: 5540
Author(s): Radke, Gary M.
Contributor(s):
Title : Nuns and Their Art: The Case of San Zaccaria in Renaissance Venice [the nuns of San Zaccaria, mostly of good birth, had a symbiotic relationship with the city of Venice; public and private interests supported the nuns; and they responded by, among other things, patronizing art that was seen by visitors to their church; during the fifteenth century the nuns both redecorated their original church and, in the 1460s, built a new church alongside the old; the nuns not only funded these projects, they supervised the work to see that their wishes were heeded].

Source: Renaissance Quarterly (Full Text via JSTOR) 54, 2 (Summer 2001): 430-459. Link Info
Year of Publication: 2001.

74. Record Number: 6238
Author(s): Crum, Roger J.
Contributor(s):
Title : Controlling Women or Women Controlled? Suggestions for Gender Roles and Visual Culture in the Italian Renaissance Palace ["I suggest that Renaissance husbands may have involved women in the patronage process, the stewardship of material goods, and the education of children through works of art to involve them directly in the family's material wealth and to engender lineage-sustaining loyalty to the marital family. This message would have been reinforced by the themes of humility, chastity, obedience, and dutiful motherhood that characterize the greater part of Renaissance 'cassoni,' 'spalliere,' and domestic devotional works that these women beheld on a daily basis. And, of course, all of these goods were introduced into and helped to shape a palace environment that was itself highly gendered in terms of space, function, and communication." (Page 45)].

75. Record Number: 8328
Author(s): Cossar, Roisin.
Contributor(s):
Title : A Good Woman: Gender Roles and Female Religious Identity in Late Medieval Bergamo [The author argues that women in Bergamo in the late Middle Ages saw a growing limitation on their participation in public religion. Confraternities became more male-dominated and changed their female members from participants to clients for services including estate management and memorial masses. However, women did find other outlets for their religious devotion within private, domestic environments, such as female monasteries. This resulted in women meeting their spiritual needs by cobbling together a network of relationships and services as reflected by women's bequests from Bergamo of household goods, money, and land to female monasteries, parish churches and confraternities. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome , 46., ( 2001): Pages 119 - 132.
Year of Publication: 2001.

76. Record Number: 6240
Author(s): Jenkens, A. Lawrence.
Contributor(s):
Title : Caterina Piccolomini and the Palazzo delle Papesse in Siena [the author surveys the works that ten secular women commissioned from the painter Neri di Bicci between 1453 and 1475; the author analyzes the group of women in terms of marital status and social class and compares them with the men who requested art works in Neri's records; women ordered significantly more works for display in churches rather than in homes and their works were more costly with gilt and expensive colors].

77. Record Number: 6236
Author(s): Wilkins, David G.
Contributor(s):
Title : Introduction: Recognizing New Patrons, Posing New Questions [The author identifies secular women as important patrons of art whose identities and motivations need to be explored].

78. Record Number: 6665
Author(s): Kemp, Theresa D.
Contributor(s):
Title : The "Knight of the Tower" and the Queen in Sanctuary: Elizabeth Woodville's Use of Meaningful Silence and Absence

Source: New Medieval Literatures , 4., ( 2001): Pages 189 - 212.
Year of Publication: 2001.

79. Record Number: 6237
Author(s): Kohl, Benjamin G.
Contributor(s):
Title : Fina da Carrara, née Buzzacarini: Consort, Mother, and Patron of Art in Trecento Padua [the author provides some information about Fina's family, the Buzzacarini, and about the Carrara including the four children that Fina bore; Fina's patronage activities concern her tomb in the Baptistery with frescoes by Giusto de'Menabuoi; the author notes the portraits of Fina represented there, not only the donor portrait but the representation of Fina and her three daughters as onlookers at the birth of John the Baptist].

80. Record Number: 6666
Author(s): Hilles, Carroll.
Contributor(s):
Title : Gender and Politics in Osbern Bokenham's Legendary [the author argues that Bokenham's works advance the claim of Richard, duke of York, for the throne; not only does Bokenham question Lancastrian political hegemony, in part by denying the authority of the literature patronized by the court, but also "Bokenham strategically deploys 'woman' as signifier of privacy, piety, and humility to develop a language of political dissent which anticipates the tactics of later Yorkist propaganda." (page 209)].

Source: New Medieval Literatures , 4., ( 2001): Pages 189 - 212.
Year of Publication: 2001.

81. Record Number: 5014
Author(s): Finke, Laurie A. and Martin B. Shichtman
Contributor(s):
Title : Magical Mistress Tour: Patronage, Intellectual Property, and the Dissemination of Wealth in the "Lais" of Marie de France

Source: Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society (Full Text via JSTOR) 25, 2 (Winter 2000): 479-503. Link Info
Year of Publication: 2000.

82. Record Number: 4138
Author(s): McKenna, Elizabeth.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Gift of a Lady: Women as Patrons of the Arts in Medieval Ireland

Source: Women in Renaissance and Early Modern Europe. Edited by Christine Meek . Four Courts Press, 2000. Byzantine Studies Conference. Abstracts of Papers , 26., ( 2000): Pages 84 - 94.
Year of Publication: 2000.

83. Record Number: 10643
Author(s): Dunlop, Anne.
Contributor(s):
Title : Once More on the Patronage of Ambrogio Lorenzetti's Frescoes at S. Galgano Montesiepi [In suggesting a new patron for the frescoes (a lay-brother associated with the monastery), Dunlop explores the Virgin Mary's role in the paintings done by Lorenzetti. The theme of calling and acceptance is represented both in the Annunciation and in the one scene from Galgano's life. Mary is also presented as the Queen of Heaven to her Cistercian knightly followers. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte , 63., ( 2000): Pages 387 - 403.
Year of Publication: 2000.

84. Record Number: 14583
Author(s): Russo, Maria Antonietta
Contributor(s):
Title : Sciacca, l'Infanta Eleonora e Guglielmo Peralta: tre nomi intrecciati in un'unica storia [Eleanor of Aragon, a niece of King Peter II of Sicily, married Guglielmo Peralta, count of Caltabellotta in Sicily. Eleanor played a prominent role in the affairs of the Peralta family after the deaths of her husband and of Nicola, their son. She was named guardian of her granddaughters in Nicola's will. Eleanor also was an important patron of monastic foundations. The appendix presents an edited version of Count Nicola's testament in Latin dated 1398. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Schede medievali , 38., ( 2000): Pages 277 - 294.
Year of Publication: 2000.

85. Record Number: 21265
Author(s): Milisenda, Floriana
Contributor(s):
Title : l monasteri delle Clarisse in Sicilia nel XIII e nel XIV secolo [The first monastery of the Poor Clares in Sicily was founded at Catania after 1228. Most of the houses were founded in the 14th century. This slow growth can be attributed to political turmoil in the 13th century. The growth in the following century owed much to royal patronage. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Collectanea Franciscana , 70., 40241 ( 2000): Pages 485 - 519.
Year of Publication: 2000.

86. Record Number: 5229
Author(s): Mueller, Joan.
Contributor(s):
Title : Agnes of Prague and the Juridical Implications of the Privilege of Poverty [Agnes, daughter of the King of Bohemia, was inspired by Clare of Assisi to enter the order of Poor Clares ; Agnes resisted papal efforts to force her acceptance of property and other endowments for her monastery].

Source: Franciscan Studies , 58., ( 2000): Pages 261 - 287.
Year of Publication: 2000.

87. Record Number: 5444
Author(s): Primhak, Victoria.
Contributor(s):
Title : Benedictine Communities in Venetian Society: The Convent of S. Zaccaria [S. Zaccaria was a conventual convent where the nuns did not observe "clausura" and had use of their private incomes; the nuns were able to resist reform because the convent was one of the oldest and most prestigious in the city and welcomed the daughters

Source: Women in Italian Renaissance Culture and Society. Edited by Letizia Panizza . European Humanities Research Centre, University of Oxford, 2000. Franciscan Studies , 58., ( 2000): Pages 92 - 104.
Year of Publication: 2000.

88. Record Number: 4872
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : An Abbess and a Painter: Emilia Pannocchieschi d'Elci and a Fresco From the Circle of Simone Martini

Source: Renaissance studies : journal of the Society for Renaissance Studies , 14., 3 (September 2000): Pages 273 - 300.
Year of Publication: 2000.

89. Record Number: 4837
Author(s): Skinner, Mary S.
Contributor(s):
Title : French Abbesses in Action: Structuring Carolingian and Cluniac Communities [The author analyzes charters from six women's and five men's monasteries from Anjou, Touraine, and Poitou; the women's houses are Sainte Croix and Trinity, Poitiers; St. Loup/Beaumont, Tours; Ronceray, Angers; S. Georges, Rennes; and Notre Dame, Saintes]

Source: Magistra , 6., 1 (Summer 2000): Pages 37 - 60.
Year of Publication: 2000.

90. Record Number: 4418
Author(s): Stafford, Pauline.
Contributor(s):
Title : Cherchez la femme. Queens, Queens' Lands, and Nunneries: Missing Links in the Foundation of Reading Abbey

Source: History: The Journal of the Historical Association , 85., 277 (January 2000): Pages 4 - 27. Reprinted in Gender, Family and the Legitimation of Power: England from the Ninth to Early Twelfth Century. By Pauline Stafford. Ashgate Variorum, 2006. Article XII.
Year of Publication: 2000.

91. Record Number: 5359
Author(s): Korac, Dusan.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Empress, the Despoina, the Sultana, and Black-Robed Monks: Three Serbian Ladies on Mount Athos [The author cites the cases of three prominent women who were allowed to visit the monasteries that normally barred access to women].

Source: Byzantine Studies Conference. Abstracts of Papers , 26., ( 2000): Pages 106 - 107.
Year of Publication: 2000.

92. Record Number: 5441
Author(s): Welch, Evelyn S.
Contributor(s):
Title : Women as Patrons and Clients in the Courts of Quattrocento Italy [The author examines cases of "clientelismo" in Italian courts involving duchesses and their household staff in relationships with groups ranging from clients to religious houses].

Source: Women in Italian Renaissance Culture and Society. Edited by Letizia Panizza . European Humanities Research Centre, University of Oxford, 2000. Byzantine Studies Conference. Abstracts of Papers , 26., ( 2000): Pages 18 - 34.
Year of Publication: 2000.

93. Record Number: 3777
Author(s): Livingstone, Amy
Contributor(s):
Title : Aristocratic Women in the Chartrain

Source: Aristocratic Women in Medieval France. Edited by Theodore Evergates . University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999. Viator , 30., ( 1999): Pages 44 - 73.
Year of Publication: 1999.

94. Record Number: 3775
Author(s): Havice, Christine.
Contributor(s):
Title : Approaching Medieval Women Through Medieval Art [the author provides an introductory overview touching on the images of medieval women (legendary and historical figures) in art and the roles that women played in the production of art, including recipients, sponsors, authors, and artists].

Source: Women in Medieval Western European Culture. Edited by Linda E. Mitchell . Garland Publishing, 1999. Viator , 30., ( 1999): Pages 345 - 389.
Year of Publication: 1999.

95. Record Number: 4236
Author(s): Nicholson, H. J.
Contributor(s):
Title : Margaret de Lacy and the Hospital of St. John at Aconbury, Herefordshire [The author examines Magaret de Lacy's successful effort to oust the Hospitallers from the priory that she had founded for women].

Source: Edited by Anthony Luttrell and Helen J. Nicholson Journal of Ecclesiastical History , 50., 4 (October 1999): Pages 629 - 651. Later version published in Hospitaller Women in the Middle Ages. Edited by Anthony Luttrell and Helen J. Nicholson. Ashgate, 2006. Pages 153-178
Year of Publication: 1999.

96. Record Number: 5142
Author(s): Thomas, Anabel.
Contributor(s):
Title : Moving on from Joan Kelly Gadol [The author considers six recent books about women and Renaissance art, of which three deal with the Middle Ages ("Picturing Women in Renaissance and Baroque Italy," "Women in Italian Renaissance Art," and "Renaissance Women Patrons"].

Source: Oxford Art Journal (Full Text via JSTOR) 22, 2 (1999): 144-153. Louise Bourgeois. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1999.

97. Record Number: 3956
Author(s): Holman, Beth L.
Contributor(s):
Title : Exemplum and "Imitatio" : Countess Matilda and Lucrezia Pico della Mirandola at Polirone Italy [the Appendix reproduces four documents in Latin concerning Lucrezia Pico della Mirandola and the monastery at Polirone].

Source: Art Bulletin (Full Text via JSTOR) 81,4 (December 1999): 637-664. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1999.

98. Record Number: 5531
Author(s): De Courcelles, Dominique.
Contributor(s):
Title : Recherches sur les livres et les femmes en Catalogne aux XVe et XVIe siècles [the author briefly considers the literary debate about woman's nature, the roles which women played in the creation of literary works as authors, dedicatees, and commissioners, and the kinds of books found in women's libraries; in briefly considering women's literary circles, the author mentions the noble woman Isabel Suaris who promoted courtly literature and Abbess Isabel de Villena whose convent was a center of literary activity].

Source: Des Femmes et des Livres: France et Espagnes, XIVe-XVIIe siècle. Actes de la journée d'étude organisée par l'École nationale des chartes et l'École normale supérieure de Fontenay/Saint-Cloud (Paris, 30 avril 1998). Edited by Dominique de Courcelles and Carmen Val Julián . Études et Rencontres de l'École des Chartes, 4. École des Chartes, 1999. Pages 95 - 114.
Year of Publication: 1999.

99. Record Number: 5363
Author(s): van Houts, Elisabeth.
Contributor(s):
Title : Countess Gunnor of Normandy (c. 950-1031)

Source: Collegium Medievale , 12., ( 1999): Pages 7 - 24.
Year of Publication: 1999.

100. Record Number: 3756
Author(s): Livingstone, Amy
Contributor(s):
Title : Powerful Allies and Dangerous Adversaries: Noblewomen in Medieval Society [the author writes an introductory overview of noble women's lives as daughters, wives, mothers, and widows including their relationships with the church and land].

Source: Women in Medieval Western European Culture. Edited by Linda E. Mitchell . Garland Publishing, 1999. Collegium Medievale , 12., ( 1999): Pages 7 - 30.
Year of Publication: 1999.

101. Record Number: 4247
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : The Identity of Margaret in Thomas Usk's "Testament of Love"

Source: Medium Aevum , 68., 1 ( 1999): Pages 63 - 72.
Year of Publication: 1999.

102. Record Number: 4978
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Matronage or Patronage? The Case of Osbern Bokenham's Women Patrons [the author explores the lives and politics of six gentry and noble women, Isabel Hunt, Agatha Flegge, Katherine Clopton Denston, Katherine Howard, Elizabeth Howard Vere, and Lady Isabel Bourchier, countess of Eu, mentioned in the "Legendys of Hooly Wummen"; they were important to Bokenham and his priory, in part because of their political and social connections to Richard, Duke of York].

Source: Florilegium , 16., ( 1999): Pages 97 - 105.
Year of Publication: 1999.

103. Record Number: 4707
Author(s): McDonald, R. Andrew.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Foundation and Patronage of Nunneries by Native Elites in Twelfth- and Early Thirteenth-Century Scotland

Source: Women in Scotland c. 1100-c. 1750. Edited by Elizabeth Ewan and Maureen M. Meikle . Tuckwell Press, 1999. Florilegium , 16., ( 1999): Pages 3 - 15.
Year of Publication: 1999.

104. Record Number: 7359
Author(s): Mckitterick, Rosamond.
Contributor(s):
Title : Les Femmes, les arts et la culture en occident dans le haut moyen âge [The author examines the efforts made by learned women during the Carolingian era to promote Biblical knowledge and reform the liturgy. In monasteries high-born women copied important texts and wrote in all the valued literary genres. Royal and noblewomen, including Gisela, the sister of Charlemagne, and Rotrude, his daughter, developed relationships as patrons and allies with scholars and churchmen from whom they commissioned texts which responded to their religious needs. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Femmes et pouvoirs des femmes à Byzance et en Occident (VIe -XIe siècles). Colloque international organisé les 28, 29 et 30 mars 1996 à Bruxelles et Villeneuve d'Ascq. Edited by Stéphane Lebecq, Alain Dierkens, Régine Le Jan, and Jean-Marie Sansterre . Centre de Recherche sur l'Histoire de l'Europe du Nord-Ouest, Université Charles de Gaulle-Lille 3, 1999. Florilegium , 16., ( 1999): Pages 149 - 161.
Year of Publication: 1999.

105. Record Number: 3700
Author(s): Crick, Julia.
Contributor(s):
Title : Women, Posthumous Benefaction, and Family Strategy in Pre-Conquest England [The author analyzes wills in which women play a prominent part, particularly in the granting and receiving of property; the author argues that women cared for family property and passed it on to the church as the original donors wished].

Source: Journal of British Studies (Full Text via JSTOR) 38, 4 (October 1999): 399-422 Link Info
Year of Publication: 1999.

106. Record Number: 5150
Author(s): Crick, Julia.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Wealth, Patronage, and Connections of Women's Houses in Late Anglo-Saxon England

Source: Revue Bénédictine , 109., 40180 ( 1999): Pages 154 - 185.
Year of Publication: 1999.

107. Record Number: 4750
Author(s): Connor, Carolyn L.
Contributor(s):
Title : Documents: The Epigram in the Church of Hagios Polyeuktos in Constantinople and Its Byzantine Response [the author argues that Anicia Juliana herself may have composed the seventy-six line epigram that was inscribed inside and outside her magnificent church; later building inscriptions as well as books reacted to her family pride, sumptuous descriptions, and learned rhetoric that was reflected in her influential encomium/dedication; the appendices include a transcription of the Greek epigram that was inscribed in Hagios Polyeuktos; an English translation of the epigram; the Greek epigrams that were inscribed in the church of Saint Euphemia, a church that Juliana refurbished; a transcription of the Greek epigram from the Vienna Dioscurides manuscript (cod. med. gr. 1, fol. 6 verso) which forms an acrostic on Juliana's name; a transcription of the Greek epigram on the frieze of the church of Saints Sergius and Bacchus built by Justin and Theodora shortly after Hagios Polyeuktos].

Source: Byzantion , 69., 2 ( 1999): Pages 479 - 527.
Year of Publication: 1999.

108. Record Number: 3705
Author(s): Warren, Nancy Bradley.
Contributor(s):
Title : Kings, Saints, and Nuns: Gender, Religion, and Authority in the Reign of Henry V

Source: Viator , 30., ( 1999): Pages 307 - 322.
Year of Publication: 1999.

109. Record Number: 3370
Author(s): Walker, Rose.
Contributor(s):
Title : Sancha, Urraca, and Elvira: the Virtues and Vices of Spanish Royal Women "Dedicated to God" [The author traces evidence of the power of Urraca and Sancha; Urraca had the institution of the infantado which placed monasteries within her control; Sancha evidently was involved with the change from the Mozarabic liturgy to the Roman liturgy].

Source: Reading Medieval Studies , 24., ( 1998): Pages 113 - 138.
Year of Publication: 1998.

110. Record Number: 447
Author(s): Krustev, Georgi.
Contributor(s):
Title : A Poem by Maria Comnene Palaeologina from Manuscript No. 177 of the Ivan Dujcev Centre for Slavo-Byzantine Studies [suggests that the author of the poem was the illegitimate daughter of Michael VIII Palaeologus and was married to Abaka, the Mongol ruler of Persia; she may have found Codex No. 177 in Persia and donated it to the Monastery of the Chora in Constantinople; article includes the text of the poem].

Source: Byzantinoslavica , 58., 1 ( 1997): Pages 71 - 77.
Year of Publication: 1997.

111. Record Number: 2025
Author(s): Seymour, M.C.
Contributor(s):
Title : Chaucer's Revision of the Prologue of "The Legend of Good Women" [suggests that Chaucer revised the prologue in 1399 or 1400 in order to present the text to the new king, Henry IV; he excised some portions to make it more accessible and added material on the duties of lordship and his own literary achievements].

Source: Modern Language Review , 92., 4 (October 1997): Pages 832 - 841.
Year of Publication: 1997.

112. Record Number: 2081
Author(s): Walmsley, John.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Early Abbesses, Nuns, and Female Tenants of the Abbey of Holy Trinity, Caen [using charters and early surveys, the author examines the administration of the abbesses, the social origins of the nuns, and the status of female tenants both in Normandy and England, particularly the inheritance rights of widows].

Source: Journal of Ecclesiastical History , 48., 3 (July 1997): Pages 425 - 444.
Year of Publication: 1997.

113. Record Number: 4999
Author(s): Bergamaschi, Maria Bettelli.
Contributor(s):
Title : Monachesimo femminile e potere politico nell' Alto Medioevo: Il caso di San Salvatore di Brescia [Monasticism began as an alternative to the rapprochement between Church and Empire. Gradually, however, even women's communities were assimilated into the noble culture of the early Middle Ages. San Salvatore was founded and led by noble women. Moreover, noble families expected both spiritual and political benefits from their patronage. Desiderius, king of the Lombards, with his wife Ansa, supported San Salvatore as a political move when he was consolidating his regime, demonstrating his power and orthodoxy to a key city].

Source: Il monachesimo femminile in Italia dall' Alto Medioevo al secolo XVII a confronto con l' oggi. Edited by Gabriella Zarri . San Pietro in Cariano: Il Segno dei Gabrielli editori, 1997. Journal of Ecclesiastical History , 48., 3 (July 1997): Pages 41 - 74.
Year of Publication: 1997.

114. Record Number: 5680
Author(s): Thomas, Anabel.
Contributor(s):
Title : A New Date for Neri di Bicci's S. Giovannino dei Cavalieri "Coronation of the Virgin" [the author presents document transcriptions in the article's Appendix that prove that Neri di Bicci was selected by the nuns of S. Niccolò dei Frieri to paint an altarpiece in 1488; further document extracts indicate the nuns' additional efforts to make the high altar more splendid].

Source: Burlington Magazine (Full Text via JSTOR) 139, 1127 (February 1997): 103-106. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1997.

115. Record Number: 2269
Author(s): Galloway, Penelope.
Contributor(s):
Title : Discreet and Devout Maidens: Women's Involvement in Beguine Communities in Northern France, 1200-1500 [explores the efforts of rulers (including the countesses of Flanders, Jeanne and Marguerite), members of the bourgeoisie, and beguines themselves to develop and finance beguine houses in Douai and Lille].

Source: Medieval Women in Their Communities. Edited by Diane Watt . University of Toronto Press, 1997. Reading Medieval Studies , 24., ( 1998): Pages 92 - 115.
Year of Publication: 1997.

116. Record Number: 2273
Author(s): Zimmermann, Margarete
Contributor(s):
Title : English Noblewomen and the Local Community in the Later Middle Ages [roles that noble women played at the local level as employers, almsgivers, supporters of the parish, providers of hospitality and entertainment, and members of confraternities].

Source: Medieval Women in Their Communities. Edited by Diane Watt . University of Toronto Press, 1997. Reading Medieval Studies , 24., ( 1998): Pages 186 - 203.
Year of Publication: 1997.

117. Record Number: 1899
Author(s): Sinclair, Keith V.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Translations of the "Vitas patrum," " Thaïs," "Antichrist," and "Vision de saint Paul" Made for Anglo-Norman Templars: Some Neglected Literary Considerations

Source: Speculum (Full Text via JSTOR) 72, 3 (July 1997): 741-762. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1997.

118. Record Number: 2206
Author(s): Livingstone, Amy
Contributor(s):
Title : Noblewomen's Control of Property in Early Twelfth-Century Blois-Chartres

Source: Medieval Prosopography , 18., ( 1997): Pages 55 - 71.
Year of Publication: 1997.

119. Record Number: 1598
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Fables for the Court: Illustrations of Marie de France's "Fables" in Paris BN, MS Arsenal 3142 [the manuscript was dedicated to Marie of Brabant, wife of King Philippe of France, and reflects the roles of reading and manuscripts at the French Court].

Source: Women and the Book: Assessing the Visual Evidence. Edited by Lesley Smith and Jane H.M. Taylor . British Library and University of Toronto Press, 1997. Medieval Prosopography , 18., ( 1997): Pages 190 - 203.
Year of Publication: 1997.

120. Record Number: 5681
Author(s): Callegari, Raimondo.
Contributor(s):
Title : Bernardo Bembo and Pietro Lombardo; News from the "Nonianum" [The author argues that the newly discovered low-relief sculpture of the Virgin and Child was commissioned by the humanist Bernardo Bembo and sculpted by Pietro Lombardo who, with his workshop, did many such images of the Virgin and Child in the 1480s].

Source: Burlington Magazine (Full Text via JSTOR) 139, 1137 (December 1997): 862-866. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1997.

121. Record Number: 2459
Author(s): Martindale, Andrew.
Contributor(s):
Title : Theodolinda: The Fifteenth-Century Recollection of a Lombard Queen [analysis of Theodolinda's meaning for the late medieval period, based on the art in the Theodolinda Chapel, the Cathedral's treasures associated with the queen, and the accounts by the fourteenth century chronicler Bonincontro and the eighth century historian, Paul the Deacon].

Source: The church retrospective: papers read at the 1995 Summer Meeting and the 1996 Winter Meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society. Edited by R. N. Swanson Studies in Church History, 33. 1997. Pages 195 - 225.
Year of Publication: 1997.

122. Record Number: 2557
Author(s): Kisby, Fiona.
Contributor(s):
Title : A Mirror of Monarchy: Music and Musicians in the Household Chapel of the Lady Margaret Beaufort, Mother of Henry VII [article includes an appendix listing the members of the chapel of Lady Margaret Beaufort].

Source: Early Music History (Full Text via JSTOR) 16 (1997): 203-234. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1997.

123. Record Number: 3596
Author(s): Taylor, Andrew.
Contributor(s):
Title : Anne of Bohemia and the Making of Chaucer [The author explores Anne of Bohemia's connections with the "Legend of Good Women"; he suggests that her role has been downplayed in order to build up the figure of Chaucer as author].

Source: Studies in the Age of Chaucer , 19., ( 1997): Pages 95 - 119.
Year of Publication: 1997.

124. Record Number: 1869
Author(s): Muir Wright, Rosemary.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Great Whore in the Illustrated Apocalypse Cycles [traces the development of the image of the Whore of Babylon and discusses the impact that aristocratic female readers had on her representation in manuscripts both as the sovereign lady and as the evil other].

Source: Journal of Medieval History , 23., 3 (September 1997): Pages 191 - 210.
Year of Publication: 1997.

125. Record Number: 3680
Author(s): Jambeck, Karen K.
Contributor(s):
Title : Patterns of Women's Literary Patronage: England, 1200- ca.1475 [The author argues that many noble women managed their estates while their husbands were away or deceased; in order to train their daughters they patronized literature that reflected female capacity and self-worth.]

Source: The Cultural Patronage of Medieval Women. Edited by June Hall McCash . University of Georgia Press, 1996. Renaissance studies : journal of the Society for Renaissance Studies , 10., 2 (June 1996): Pages 228 - 265.
Year of Publication: 1996.

126. Record Number: 779
Author(s): Broadhurst, Karen M.
Contributor(s):
Title : Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine: Patrons of Literature in French? [Henry probably only commissioned two texts in French: Wace's "Roman de Rou" and Benoît's "Chronique des ducs de Normandie;" there is no evidence that Eleanor commissioned any works].

Source: Viator , 27., ( 1996): Pages 53 - 84.
Year of Publication: 1996.

127. Record Number: 815
Author(s): Anderson, Jaynie.
Contributor(s):
Title : Rewriting the History of Art Patronage [women as patrons of art].

Source: Renaissance studies : journal of the Society for Renaissance Studies , 10., 2 (June 1996): Pages 129 - 138.
Year of Publication: 1996.

128. Record Number: 816
Author(s): Warr, Cordelia.
Contributor(s):
Title : Painting in Late Fourteenth Century Padua: The Patronage of Fina Buzzacarini

Source: Renaissance studies : journal of the Society for Renaissance Studies , 10., 2 (June 1996): Pages 139 - 155.
Year of Publication: 1996.

129. Record Number: 1841
Author(s): Boyle, Marjorie O'Rourke.
Contributor(s):
Title : Coquette at the Cross? Magdalen in the Master of the Bartholomew Altar's Deposition at the Louvre [argues that Magdalen's depiction with gloves and ointment jar refers to her compassion not her earlier life as a courtesan ; the painting may have hung in the Antonite hospital in Paris and had special meaning for the patients, particularly those suffering from St. Anthony's Fire who would have had limbs amputated].

Source: Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte , 59., 4 ( 1996): Pages 573 - 577.
Year of Publication: 1996.

130. Record Number: 2515
Author(s): Halpin, Patricia.
Contributor(s):
Title : Anglo-Saxon Women and Pilgrimage [discusses trips to the Continent, to English shrines, and pilgrimages of the "heart" through devotional texts and art; includes a brief analysis of four devotional objects, a crucifix, two manuscript illuminations, and an embroidered alb, that were commissioned by women].

Source: Anglo-Norman Studies , 19., ( 1996): Pages 97 - 122.
Year of Publication: 1996.

131. Record Number: 2987
Author(s): Edwards, Carolyn.
Contributor(s):
Title : Dynastic Sanctity in Two Early Medieval Women's "Lives" [Hathumoda, abbess of Gandersheim, and St. Mathilde, pious widow of Henry I].

Source: Medieval Family Roles: A Book of Essays. Edited by Cathy Jorgensen Itnyre . Garland Publishing, 1996. Anglo-Norman Studies , 19., ( 1996): Pages 3 - 19.
Year of Publication: 1996.

132. Record Number: 3674
Author(s): McClanan, Anne
Contributor(s):
Title : The Empress Theodora and the Tradition of Women's Patronage in the Early Byzantine Empire

Source: The Cultural Patronage of Medieval Women. Edited by June Hall McCash . University of Georgia Press, 1996. Anglo-Norman Studies , 19., ( 1996): Pages 50 - 72.
Year of Publication: 1996.

133. Record Number: 3677
Author(s): Kay, Sarah.
Contributor(s):
Title : Proclaiming Her Dignity Abroad: The Literary and Artistic Network of Matilda of Scotland, Queen of England 1100-1118 [The author argues that Matilda pursued extensive projects in poetry, music, art, architecture, and literature in part to increase her prestige and spread her fame].

Source: The Cultural Patronage of Medieval Women. Edited by June Hall McCash . University of Georgia Press, 1996. Downside Review , 114., 397 (October 1996): Pages 155 - 174.
Year of Publication: 1996.

134. Record Number: 3675
Author(s): Ferrante, Joan M.
Contributor(s):
Title : Women's Role in Latin Letters from the Fourth to the Early Twelfth Century [The author examines three classes of Latin literature; religious tracts, lyric poetry, and histories and biographies; the author argues that the literary works represented a collaborative effort between the writer and the female patron].

Source: The Cultural Patronage of Medieval Women. Edited by June Hall McCash . University of Georgia Press, 1996. Downside Review , 114., 397 (October 1996): Pages 73 - 104.
Year of Publication: 1996.

135. Record Number: 24735
Author(s): Despres, Denise L.
Contributor(s):
Title : Mary of the Eucharist: Cultic Anti-Judaism in Some Fourteenth-Century English Devotional Manuscripts

Source: From Witness to Witchcraft: Jews and Judaism in Medieval Christian Thought. Edited by Jeremy Cohen . Harrassowitz Verlag, 1996. Anglo-Norman Studies , 19., ( 1996): Pages 375 - 401.
Year of Publication: 1996.

136. Record Number: 817
Author(s): Shepherd, Rupert.
Contributor(s):
Title : Francesca Venusta, the "Battle of San Ruffillo" and Giovanni Sabadino degli Arienti [Arienti's account of famous women mentions Francesca Venusta's patronage; She was a wealthy widow who probably commissioned the mural for the church of San Francesco to celebrate the Bolognese victory in 1361 over the forces of Bernabò Visconti].

Source: Renaissance studies : journal of the Society for Renaissance Studies , 10., 2 (June 1996): Pages 156 - 170.
Year of Publication: 1996.

137. Record Number: 2284
Author(s): Shahid, Irfan.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Church of Sts. Sergius and Bacchus in Constantinople: Who Built It and Why? [Suggests that both Justinian and his wife Theodora were responsible but had different motives. Theodora was moved by religious concerns while Justinian was worried about the outcome of the Persian War].

Source: Byzantine Studies Conference. Abstracts of Papers , 22., ( 1996): Pages 84
Year of Publication: 1996.

138. Record Number: 3683
Author(s): Willard, Charity Cannon.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Patronage of Isabel of Portugal

Source: The Cultural Patronage of Medieval Women. Edited by June Hall McCash . University of Georgia Press, 1996. Byzantine Studies Conference. Abstracts of Papers , 22., ( 1996): Pages 306 - 320.
Year of Publication: 1996.

139. Record Number: 5676
Author(s): Karkov, Catherine E.
Contributor(s):
Title : Francesco Botticini's Palmieri Altar-piece [Matteo Palmieri commissioned the altarpiece from Botticini; the panel includes donor portraits of his wife Niccolosa (in a Benedictine habit) and himself; after Matteo's death Botticini and Niccolosa executed a document in 1477 agreeing that the contract for the altarpiece had been fulfilled; Niccolosa and Matteo's nephew acquired a chapel in S. Pier Maggiore where the altarpiece was installed and where Matteo was buried; the Appendix provides transcriptions of six documents, four concerning Botticini, one about the Palmieri chapel, and the first being the agreement between Niccolosa and Botticini].

Source: Burlington Magazine (Full Text via JSTOR) 138, 1118 (May 1996): 308-314. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1996.

140. Record Number: 3673
Author(s): McCash, June Hall.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Cultural Patronage of Medieval Women: An Overview [the author discusses the reasons for women's patronage of literature, art, and the Church including politics, religion, education for themselves or their children, and sources of entertainment for their court; she concludes by noting that one of women's motives for patronage "was the need to influence societal attitudes and make their voices heard." (p.34)].

Source: The Cultural Patronage of Medieval Women. Edited by June Hall McCash . University of Georgia Press, 1996. Pages 1 - 49.
Year of Publication: 1996.

141. Record Number: 2751
Author(s): Wybourne, Catherine and Dame
Contributor(s):
Title : Seafarers and Stay-At-Homes: Anglo-Saxon Nuns and Mission [The author traces the activity of nuns during the Anglo Saxon period from Leoba's missionary efforts in Germany to the much more restricted period in the tenth and eleventh centuries as double houses disappeared].

Source: Downside Review , 114., 397 (October 1996): Pages 246 - 266.
Year of Publication: 1996.

142. Record Number: 747
Author(s): Venarde, Bruce L.
Contributor(s):
Title : Praesidentes Negotiis: Abbesses as Managers in Twelfth- Century France [Hersende and Petronilla of Fontevraud and Héloïse, of Paraclet].

Source: Portraits of Medieval and Renaissance Living: Essays in Honor of David Herlihy. Edited by Samual K. Cohn, Jr. and Steven A. Epstein . University of Michigan Press, 1996. Pages 189 - 205.
Year of Publication: 1996.

143. Record Number: 3676
Author(s): Caviness, Madeline H.
Contributor(s):
Title : Anchoress, Abbess, and Queen: Donors and Patrons or Intercessors and Matrons?

Source: The Cultural Patronage of Medieval Women. Edited by June Hall McCash . University of Georgia Press, 1996. Pages 105 - 154. Reprinted in Art in the Medieval West and its Audience. By Madeline H. Caviness. Ashgate Variorum, 2001. Article 6.
Year of Publication: 1996.

144. Record Number: 819
Author(s): Tolley, Thomas.
Contributor(s):
Title : States of Independence: Women Regents as Patrons of the Visual Arts in Renaissance France

Source: Renaissance studies : journal of the Society for Renaissance Studies , 10., 2 (June 1996): Pages 237 - 258.
Year of Publication: 1996.

145. Record Number: 3681
Author(s): Underhill, Frances A.
Contributor(s):
Title : Elizabeth de Burgh: Connoisseur and Patron [The author surveys Elizabeth de Burgh's extensive patronage of literary, academic, and artistic endeavors; she devoted her greatest efforts to Clare College, an unusual choice of patronage for the time.]

146. Record Number: 3678
Author(s): Parsons, John Carmi.
Contributor(s):
Title : Of Queens, Courts, and Books: Reflections on the Literary Patronage of Thirteenth-Century Plantagenet Queens [The author argues that royal brides who came from other countries brought a unique multicultural perspective that can be seen in the way they used literary patronage for political goals].

147. Record Number: 230
Author(s): Long, Jane C.
Contributor(s):
Title : Salvation Through Meditation: The Tomb Frescoes in the Holy Confessors Chapel at Santa Croce in Florence [one prominently portrays a female donor]

Source: Gesta (Full Text via JSTOR) 34, 1 (1995): 77-88. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1995.

148. Record Number: 521
Author(s): Richards, Marie.
Contributor(s):
Title : Community and Poverty in the Reformed Order of St. Clare in the Fifteenth Century

Source: Journal of Religious History , 19., 1 (June 1995): Pages 10 - 25.
Year of Publication: 1995.

149. Record Number: 1571
Author(s): Wertheimer, Laura.
Contributor(s):
Title : Adeliza of Louvain and Anglo- Norman Queenship

Source: The Haskins Society Journal , 7., ( 1995): Pages 101 - 115.
Year of Publication: 1995.

150. Record Number: 1572
Author(s): Johns, Susan.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Wives and Widows of the Earls of Chester, 1100-1252: The Charter Evidence [focuses on their power to make land transactions, particularly in support of the Church].

Source: The Haskins Society Journal , 7., ( 1995): Pages 117 - 132.
Year of Publication: 1995.

151. Record Number: 1710
Author(s): Willard, Charity Cannon.
Contributor(s):
Title : Christine de Pizan's Allegorized Psalms [commissioned in Paris by Charles the Noble, King of Navarre, during a time of political troubles under Charles VI].

Source: Une femme de Lettres au Moyen Age: Études autour de Christine de Pizan. Edited by Liliane Dulac and Bernard Ribémont . Paradigme, 1995. The Haskins Society Journal , 7., ( 1995): Pages 317 - 324.
Year of Publication: 1995.

152. Record Number: 1844
Author(s): Nelson, Janet L.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Wary Widow [case study of the will of Erkanfrida, widow of a minor noble man and a "deo sacrata," a woman consecrated to God in her widowhood; the author includes an English translation of the will and an appendix gives the Latin text of the will from Wampach's "Urkunden- und Quellenbuch zur Geschichte der altluxemburgischen Territorien," Reprinted in Courts, Elites, and Gendered Power in the Early Middle Ages: Charlemagne and Others. By Janet L. Nelson. Ashgate Variorum, 2007. Article 2. Pages 87-90].

Source: Property and Power in the Early Middle Ages. Edited by Wendy Davies and Paul Fouracre . Cambridge University Press, 1995. The Haskins Society Journal , 7., ( 1995): Pages 82 - 113. Reprinted in Courts, Elites, and Gendered Power in the Early Middle Ages: Charlemagne and Others. By Janet L. Nelson. Ashgate Variorum, 2007. Article 2.
Year of Publication: 1995.

153. Record Number: 338
Author(s): McGurk, Patrick and Jane Rosenthal
Contributor(s):
Title : Anglo-Saxon Gospelbooks of Judith, Countess of Flanders: Their Text, Make-Up, and Function

Source: Anglo-Saxon England , 24., ( 1995): Pages 251 - 308.
Year of Publication: 1995.

154. Record Number: 2765
Author(s): Goez, Elke.
Contributor(s):
Title : Die Markgrafen von Canossa und die Klöster

Source: Deutsches Archiv , 51., ( 1995): Pages 83 - 114.
Year of Publication: 1995.

155. Record Number: 2768
Author(s): Thümmel, Hans Georg.
Contributor(s):
Title : Muttergottesikonen und Mariengnadenbilder

Source: Byzantinoslavica , 56., 3 ( 1995): Pages 759
Year of Publication: 1995.

156. Record Number: 5673
Author(s): Gordon, Dillian and Anabel Thomas
Contributor(s):
Title : A New Document for the High Altar-piece for S. Benedetto Fuori della Porta Pinti, Florence [the document from the State Archives in Florence records the commission in 1407 of an altarpiece at S. Benedetto by a wealthy layman].

Source: Burlington Magazine (Full Text via JSTOR) 137, 1112 (November 1995): 720-722. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1995.

157. Record Number: 5651
Author(s): Gardner, Julian.
Contributor(s):
Title : Nuns and Altarpieces: Agendas for Research [the author examines a group of late thirteenth-century paintings from Italian nunneries and a group of fourteenth-century convent altarpieces, mostly from Florence; he then considers the social, cultural, and physical conditions in which these artworks were created and viewed; he concludes by asking what kind of control did the nuns have over artworks that were commissioned through middlemen and, for that matter, did the nuns even see the altarpieces located beyond the grills required by "clausura"].

Source: Römisches Jahrbuch der Bibliotheca Hertziana , 30., ( 1995): Pages 27 - 57.
Year of Publication: 1995.

158. Record Number: 5669
Author(s): Von Teuffel, Christa Gardner.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Contract for Perugino's "Assumption of the Virgin" at Vallambrosa [between 1498 and 1500, Perugino was commissioned to paint the altarpiece for the monks at Vallambrosa by Don Biagio Milanesi, member of a wealthy family and general of the order; the Appendix presents five documents related to the painting, including the contract, further instructions, a subcontract, a record of payment, and excerpts from Don Biagio's brother's will, demonstrating the family's support of the Vallambrosan order].

Source: Burlington Magazine (Full Text via JSTOR) 137, 1106 (May 1995): 307-312. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1995.

159. Record Number: 2286
Author(s): Connor, Elizabeth, O.C.S.O.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Abbeys of Las Huelgas and Tart and Their Filiations

Source: Hidden Springs: Cistercian Monastic Women. Book One. Medieval Religious Women Volume Three. Edited by John A. Nichols and Lillian Thomas Shank, O.S.C.O Cistercian Studies Series . Cistercian Publications, 1995. Pages 29 - 48.
Year of Publication: 1995.

160. Record Number: 9519
Author(s): Bruzelius, Caroline.
Contributor(s):
Title : Queen Sancia of Mallorca and the Convent Church of Sta. Chiara in Naples [The author argues that the convent church building significantly departs from previous models of architectural planning in the Poor Clare tradition. In part she attributes this to Queen Sancia's deep devotion to the original ideals of Francis which prompted her to found a double house and redesign the church layout so that the nuns could see the host while remaining unseen by the laity and the Friars. The queen also was reacting to ecclesiastical controversies in which her own relatives took leading roles as proponents of the Franciscan Spirituals against Pope John XXII. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome , 40., ( 1995): Pages 69 - 100.
Year of Publication: 1995.

161. Record Number: 444
Author(s): Huneycutt, Lois L.
Contributor(s):
Title : Intercession and the High- Medieval Queen: The Esther Topos [study of Queen Matilda, Consort of Henry I of England].

Source: Power of the Weak: Studies on Medieval Women. A selection of a papers presented at the annual conference of the Centre for Medieval Studies, University of Toronto, Feb. 1990. Edited by Jennifer Carpenter and Sally- Beth MacLean . University of Illinois Press, 1995. Pages 126 - 146.
Year of Publication: 1995.

162. Record Number: 246
Author(s): Ward, Jennifer C.
Contributor(s):
Title : Mechthild von der Pfalz as Patroness: Aspects of Female Patronage in the Early Renaissance

Source: Medievalia et Humanistica New Series , 22., ( 1995): Pages 141 - 170. Special issue: Diversity
Year of Publication: 1995.

163. Record Number: 377
Author(s): Summit, Jennifer.
Contributor(s):
Title : William Caxton, Margaret Beaufort, and the Romance of Female Patronage ["Blanchardyn and Eglantine" as a sphere of masculine activity].

Source: Women, the Book and the Worldly: Selected Proceedings of the St. Hilda's Conference, 1993. Volume 2. [Volume 1: Women, the Book, and the Godly]. Edited by Lesley Smith and Jane H. M. Taylor . D.S.Brewer, 1995. Medievalia et Humanistica New Series , 22., ( 1995): Pages 151 - 165.
Year of Publication: 1995.

164. Record Number: 4684
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Women as Patrons: Nuns, Widows, and Rulers

Source: Siena, Florence, and Padua: Art, Society, and Religion, 1280-1400. Volume II: Case Studies. Edited by Diana Norman . Yale University Press in association with The Open University, 1995. Medievalia et Humanistica New Series , 22., ( 1995): Pages 242 - 266.
Year of Publication: 1995.

165. Record Number: 376
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Lydgate's Lyrics and Women Readers

166. Record Number: 1683
Author(s): McKitterick, Rosamond.
Contributor(s):
Title : Ottonian Intellectual Culture in the Tenth Century and the Role of Theophano

Source: The Empress Theophano: Byzantium and the West at the Turn of the First Millennium. Edited by Adelbert Davids . Cambridge University Press, 1995. Medievalia et Humanistica New Series , 22., ( 1995): Pages 169 - 193.
Year of Publication: 1995.

167. Record Number: 149
Author(s): Sekules, Veronica.
Contributor(s):
Title : Beauty and the Beast: Ridicule and Orthodoxy in Architectural Marginalia in Early Fourteenth-Century Lincolnshire [sculpted corbels, several of women representing various sins].

Source: Art History , 18., 1 (March 1995): Pages 37 - 62.
Year of Publication: 1995.

168. Record Number: 95
Author(s): Wood, Jeryldene M.
Contributor(s):
Title : Breaking the Silence: The Poor Clares and the Visual Arts in Fifteenth-Century Italy

Source: Renaissance Quarterly (Full Text via JSTOR) 48, 2 (Summer 1995): 262-286. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1995.

169. Record Number: 5052
Author(s): Kamerick, Kathleen.
Contributor(s):
Title : Patronage and Devotion in the Prayer Book of Anne of Brittany, Newberry Library MS 83 [The author analyzes the prayer book, arguing that the individualized contents reflect the queen's concerns including safe delivery from childbirth, private prayers during Mass, and the steps necessary to earn indulgences].

Source: Manuscripta , 39., 1 (March 1995): Pages 40 - 50.
Year of Publication: 1995.

170. Record Number: 515
Author(s): Havice, Christine.
Contributor(s):
Title : Women and the Production of Art in the Middle Ages: The Significance of Context [women as artists, sponsors, and authors].

Source: Double Vision: Perspectives on Gender and the Visual Arts. Edited by Natalie Harris Bluestone . Associated University Presses, 1995. Manuscripta , 39., 1 (March 1995): Pages 67 - 94.
Year of Publication: 1995.

171. Record Number: 1677
Author(s): Ciggaar, K.
Contributor(s):
Title : Theophano: An Empress Reconsidered [evaluates contemporary accounts of Theophano, both positive and negative ; among the latter is a German nun's vision of Theophano in purgatory and numerous complaints about her love of foreign luxury].

Source: The Empress Theophano: Byzantium and the West at the Turn of the First Millennium. Edited by Adelbert Davids . Cambridge University Press, 1995. Manuscripta , 39., 1 (March 1995): Pages 49 - 63.
Year of Publication: 1995.

172. Record Number: 1685
Author(s): Zomer, Hiltje F. H.
Contributor(s):
Title : The So-Called Women's Gallery in the Medieval Church: An Import from Byzantium [argues that the galleries were a symbol of royal power, not a place for women to be kept separate during services ; the author traces the use of church galleries from Constantine the Great and Justinian to their introduction in Germany at the convent basilica of Gernrode, perhaps under the influence of Theophano, and in France at St. Remi, a victory church for the Capets].

173. Record Number: 2694
Author(s): Schiferl, Ellen.
Contributor(s):
Title : Caritas and the Iconography of Italian Confraternity Art [explores the iconography of the Madonna della Misericordia, the Madonna of Humility, and the Flagellation of Christ within the lay context of the confraternity where the themes of charity, humility, and mercy were expressed by love for one's neighbor, love for God, and the hope of salvation; also includes an appendix that lists Italian confraternity art, both sculpture and painting, for each of the three themes, 1300-1515].

Source: Studies in Iconography , 14., ( 1995): Pages 207 - 246.
Year of Publication: 1995.

174. Record Number: 395
Author(s): Whalen, Georges.
Contributor(s):
Title : Patronage Engendered: How Goscelin Allayed the Concerns of Nuns' Discriminatory Publics [Anglo-Norman influences detrimental to women's monastic communities].

Source: Women, the Book and the Godly: Selected Proceedings of the St. Hilda's Conference, 1993. Volume 1 [Volume 2: Women, the Book and the Worldly]. Edited by Lesley Smith and Jane H. M. Taylor . D.S. Brewer, 1995. Studies in Iconography , 14., ( 1995): Pages 123 - 135.
Year of Publication: 1995.

175. Record Number: 2767
Author(s): Pohl-Resl, Brigitte.
Contributor(s):
Title : Vorsorge, Memoria und soziales Ereignis: Frauen als Schenkerinnen in den bayerischen und alemannischen Urkunden des 8. und 9. Jahrhunderts

Source: Mitteilungen des Instituts für österreichische Geschichtsforschung , 103., 40241 ( 1995): Pages 265 - 287.
Year of Publication: 1995.

176. Record Number: 1531
Author(s): Bienvenu, Jean-Marc.
Contributor(s):
Title : Henri II Plantegenêt et Fontevraud

Source: Cahiers de Civilization Médiévale , 37., ( 1994): Pages 25 - 32.
Year of Publication: 1994.

177. Record Number: 1532
Author(s): Lozinski, Jean Louise.
Contributor(s):
Title : Henri II, Aliénor d'Aquitane et la cathédrale de Poitiers

Source: Cahiers de Civilization Médiévale , 37., ( 1994): Pages 91 - 100.
Year of Publication: 1994.

178. Record Number: 1573
Author(s): Halpin, Patricia.
Contributor(s):
Title : Women Religious in Late Anglo-Saxon England [while nunneries declined in numbers, endowments, and influence during the post-reform period, evidence suggests that religious women, individually and in small groups, were affiliated informally with men's foundations].

Source: The Haskins Society Journal , 6., ( 1994): Pages 97 - 110.
Year of Publication: 1994.

179. Record Number: 1810
Author(s): Gould, Cecil.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Early History of Leonardo's "Vierge aux Rochers" in the Louvre [argues that the earlier version of the painting was commandered by Il Moro as a wedding gift for his niece, Bianca Maria Sforza, and her new husband, the Emperor Maximilian I].

Source: Gazette des Beaux-Arts , 124., 1511 (décembre 1994): Pages 215 - 222.
Year of Publication: 1994.

180. Record Number: 5096
Author(s): Wemple, Suzanne Fonay.
Contributor(s):
Title : Couvents de femmes en Italie, de l' époque du Pape Grégoire le Grand aux environs de 900

Source: Les Religieuses dans le Cloître et dans le Monde des Origines à Nos Jours. Actes du Deuxième Colloque International de C.E.R.C.O.R. Poitiers, 29 septembre-2 octobre 1988. . Publications de l'Université de Sainte-Etienne, 1994. Byzantion , 64., 1 ( 1994): Pages 73 - 90.
Year of Publication: 1994.

181. Record Number: 1807
Author(s): Maginnis, Hayden B.J.
Contributor(s):
Title : Duccio's Rucellai: "Madonna" and the Origins of Florentine Painting

Source: Gazette des Beaux-Arts , 123., 1503 (avril 1994): Pages 147 - 164.
Year of Publication: 1994.

182. Record Number: 4391
Author(s): Feiss, Hugh, O.S.B.
Contributor(s):
Title : Consecrated to Christ, Nuns of This Church Community: The Benedictines of Notre-Dame de Saintes, 1047-1792 [the author maintains that the documents and other evidence present "the picture of a large, independent, and self-consciously feminine community, which played an important part in the economic and cultural life of its region and possesed the vitality to survive long periods of war and other hardships during the 750 years of its existence" (Page 270)].

Source: American Benedictine Review , 45., 3 (September 1994): Pages 269 - 302.
Year of Publication: 1994.

183. Record Number: 11659
Author(s): Teixeira, Madalena Braz.
Contributor(s):
Title : Portuguese Art Treasures, Medieval Women and Early Museum Collections [The author briefly explores the early history of art collecting in Portugal. Royal and noble women founded and supported monasteries with gifts of jewels, paintings, liturgical objects, and other artwork. Some of these treasures are still on view in museums and libraries in Portugal. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Museums and the Making of "Ourselves": The Role of Objects in National Identity. Edited by Flora E. S. Kaplan . Leicester University Press, 1994. American Benedictine Review , 45., 3 (September 1994): Pages 291 - 313.
Year of Publication: 1994.

184. Record Number: 5099
Author(s): Oudart, Hervé.
Contributor(s):
Title : Le Landais, un exemple original de vie religieuse féminine dans le diocèse de Bourges au début du XIIe siècle [The author examines a document, reproduced in the Appendix, in which two men grant land in the forest of Landais to a group of holy women who live as hermits].

Source: Les Religieuses dans le Cloître et dans le Monde des Origines à Nos Jours. Actes du Deuxième Colloque International de C.E.R.C.O.R. Poitiers, 29 septembre-2 octobre 1988. . Publications de l'Université de Sainte-Etienne, 1994. American Benedictine Review , 45., 3 (September 1994): Pages 125 - 129.
Year of Publication: 1994.

185. Record Number: 5094
Author(s): Gaillard, Michèle.
Contributor(s):
Title : Les Origines du monachisme féminin dans le nord et l'est de la Gaule (Fin VIe siècle - Début VIIIe siècle)

Source: Les Religieuses dans le Cloître et dans le Monde des Origines à Nos Jours. Actes du Deuxième Colloque International de C.E.R.C.O.R. Poitiers, 29 septembre-2 octobre 1988. . Publications de l'Université de Sainte-Etienne, 1994. American Benedictine Review , 45., 3 (September 1994): Pages 45 - 54.
Year of Publication: 1994.

186. Record Number: 1551
Author(s): Jeffreys, Michael and Elizabeth Jeffreys
Contributor(s):
Title : Who Was Eirene the Sevastokratorissa? [argues that Eirene was of Western origins, probably a Norman, chosen to marry the son of the Emperor John II Komnenos in order to help bring the Normans into the Byzantine orbit].

Source: Byzantion , 64., 1 ( 1994): Pages 40 - 68.
Year of Publication: 1994.

187. Record Number: 3516
Author(s): Roberts, Ann M.
Contributor(s):
Title : Chiara Gambacorta of Pisa as Patroness of the Arts [the author argues that Prioress Chiara Gambacorta had an important role in commissioning and in choosing the subject, style, and imagery of the paintings produced for the convent of San Domenico, many of which represented female saints including Catherine of Siena and Bridget of Sweden].

Source: Creative Women in Medieval and Early Modern Italy: A Religious and Artistic Renaissance. Edited by E. Ann Matter and John Coakley . University of Pennsylvania Press, 1994. American Benedictine Review , 45., 3 (September 1994): Pages 120 - 154.
Year of Publication: 1994.

188. Record Number: 1550
Author(s): Garland, Lynda.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Eye of the Beholder: Byzantine Imperial Women and Their Public Image from Zoe Porphyrogenita to Euphrosyne Kamaterissa Doukaina (1028-1203) [analysis of the image and ceremonial role of empresses and women in the royal family based primarily on historians' accounts; empresses discussed include Zoe, Theodora, Aikaterina, Eudokia Makrembolitissa, Maria of Alania, Eirene, Anna Dalassena, Piroshka-Eirene, Bertha-Eirene of Sulzbach, and Mary of Antioch].

Source: Byzantion , 64., 1 ( 1994): Pages 19 - 39. and Byzantion: Revue Internationale des Études Byzantines 64, 2 (1994): 261-313.
Year of Publication: 1994.

189. Record Number: 7187
Author(s): Prizer, William F.
Contributor(s):
Title : Renaissance Women as Patrons of Music: The North-Italian Courts [The author draws on correspondence to trace the musical interests of Isabella d'Este and her sister-in-law, Lucrezia Borgia. They both supported a small group of musicians/music and dance teachers in their households. Their personnel specialized in secular vocal music and string music, while musicians from their husbands' households supplied other kinds of music as needed. The Appendix presents transcriptions of eight document texts in Italian and Latin pertaining to Isabella and Lucrezia. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Rediscovering the Muses: Women's Musical Traditions. Edited by Kimberly Marshall . Northeastern University Press, 1993. Gazette des Beaux-Arts , 124., 1511 (décembre 1994): Pages 186 - 205.
Year of Publication: 1993.

190. Record Number: 8638
Author(s): Chauvin, Benoît.
Contributor(s):
Title : À propos des débuts de l'abbaye de Rieunette [The author writes a brief note about the founding of Rieunette, a women's Cistercian monastery in Ladern-sur-Lauquet in the département of Aude. He argues that the Reine mentioned in records is probably Reine de Castillon, the widow of Bernard de Castillon, whose family did a great deal for the religious houses in the area. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Cîteaux: Revue d'Histoire Cistercienne , 43., 40182 ( 1992): Pages 450 - 454.
Year of Publication: 1992.

191. Record Number: 10216
Author(s): Talbot, Alice-Mary.
Contributor(s):
Title : Empress Theodora Palaiologina, Wife of Michael VIII [The author argues that although Theodora was a dutiful wife who engaged in typical imperial activities, she spent her widowhood trying to distance herself from her husband. She had briefly acquiesced in her husband's acceptance of the Church of Rome. Perhaps in expiation, she devoted great efforts as a widow to female monastic endowments and charitable causes. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Dumbarton Oaks Papers (Full Text via JSTOR) 46 (1992): 295-303. Homo Byzantinus: Papers in Honor of Alexander Kazhdan. Link Info Reprinted in Women and Religious Life in Byzantium. By Alice-Mary Talbot. Variorum Collected Studies Series. Ashgate, 2001. Article 5.
Year of Publication: 1992.

192. Record Number: 10225
Author(s): King, Catherine.
Contributor(s):
Title : Medieval and Renaissance Matrons, Italian-style [Women were able to commission art and architecture in fourteenth and fifteenth century Italy in a variety of ways, even if their involvement in the production of images and construction of buildings wasn’t as widespread as men’s. For instance, wealthy widows could control the making of large, public images such as funerary altarpieces, while nuns could commission artwork and buildings through convent endowments. Through their acts of patronage, these “matrons” challenged conventional expectations that women inhabit a small, private sphere. The author also analyzes how women chose to represent themselves visually within the works they commissioned. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte , 55., ( 1992): Pages 372 - 393.
Year of Publication: 1992.

193. Record Number: 14681
Author(s): Blockmans, Wim.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Devotion of a Lonely Duchess [The author briefly surveys the life of Margaret of York, concentrating on her involvement in politics, art patronage, charity in particular toward children, support of the church, and commissioning of manuscripts. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Margaret of York, Simon Marmion, and "The Visions of Tondal": Papers Delivered at a Symposium organized by the Department of Manuscripts of the J. Paul Getty Museum in Collaboration with the Huntington Library and Art Collections, June 21-24, 1990. Edited by Thomas Kren . J. Paul Getty Museum, 1992. Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte , 55., ( 1992): Pages 29 - 46.
Year of Publication: 1992.

194. Record Number: 14686
Author(s): Derolez, Albert.
Contributor(s):
Title : A Renaissance Manuscript in the Hands of Margaret of York [The author describes a manuscript with a work by the Roman author Justinus, "In Trogi Pompei historias libri XLIV." It was inscribed by Margaret of York as "your loyal mother," presumably as a gift to either her step-daughter Mary or to Mary's husband, Maximilian of Austria. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

195. Record Number: 10213
Author(s): Kianka, Frances.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Letters of Demetrios Kydones to Empress Helena Kantakouzene Palaiologina [The author explores the relationship between the career government official and the empress as reflected in his letters. She was his literary patron and gave him good political advice when he was out of favor at court. Includes translations and commentaries on six letters from Kydones. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Dumbarton Oaks Papers (Full Text via JSTOR) 46 (1992): 155-164. Homo Byzantinus: Papers in Honor of Alexander Kazhdan. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1992.

196. Record Number: 29956
Author(s): Michaud, Francine
Contributor(s):
Title : Liaisons Particulières? Franciscains et Testatrices a Marseille (1248 - 1320)

Source: Annales du Midi , 104., (janvier - mars) 197 ( 1992): Pages 7 - 18.
Year of Publication: 1992.

197. Record Number: 11110
Author(s): Willard, Charity Cannon.
Contributor(s):
Title : Christine de Pizan: From Poet to Political Commentator [The author analyzes and dates two little known works by Christine, "Livre de la prod'hommie de l'homme" and the "Livre de prudence" (which is in many respects identical to the first text). Willard suggests that the former was an early work immediately following the "Querelle de la Rose" writing and marks Christine's transition from poet to political moralist. While writing to attract the favor of princes, Christine felt duty bound to offer advice in regard to their behavior and to plead for them to aid France in its troubles. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Politics, Gender, and Genre: The Political Thought of Christine de Pizan. Edited by Margaret Brabant . Westview Press, 1992. Pages 17 - 32.
Year of Publication: 1992.

198. Record Number: 8635
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Women and the Writing of History in the Early Middle Ages: the Case of Abbess Matilda of Essen and Aethelweard [The author discusses Matilda of Essen's role as a preserver of history generally, and in the production of the Latin version of the "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle," specifically. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Early Medieval Europe , 1., 1 ( 1992): Pages 53 - 68.
Year of Publication: 1992.

199. Record Number: 10298
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Art, Enclosure and the "Cura Monialium": Prolegomena in the Guise of a Postscript [The author addresses the question of female spirituality in the Middle Ages by looking both at monastic architecture and female patronage within the visual arts. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Gesta 31, 2 (1992): 108-134. Link InfoReprinted in The Visual and the Visionary: Art and Female Spirituality in Late Medieval Germany. By Jeffrey F. Hamburger. Zone Books, 1998. Pages 35-109.
Year of Publication: 1992.

200. Record Number: 4712
Author(s): LoPrete, Kimberly.
Contributor(s):
Title : Adela of Blois and Ivo of Chartres: Piety, Politics, and the Peace in the Diocese of Chartres

Source: Anglo-Norman Studies , 14., ( 1991): Pages 131 - 152.
Year of Publication: 1991.

201. Record Number: 6460
Author(s): Nardi, Carlo.
Contributor(s):
Title : La "Leggenda riccardiana" di Santa Maria all' Impruneta: un anonimo oppositore del pievano Stefano alla fine del Trecento? [The image of Mary at Santa Maria all' Impruneta came to be attributed to Saint Luke; foundation of the shrine was dated by the "Leggenda" to the reign of Pope Urban II with an image created by a painter named "Luca;" the "Leggenda" gives an unusually accurate description of the image of the Virgin and Child, and it reuses earlier material in its discussion of the history of the shrine; the text also reflects the eventual displacement of other local patrons by the Buondelmonte family; the article concludes with three transcriptions from the "Storia di Santa Maria dell' Impruneta"].

Source: Archivio Storico Italiano , 149., ( 1991): Pages 503 - 551.
Year of Publication: 1991.

202. Record Number: 8486
Author(s): Guerrini, Paola.
Contributor(s):
Title : Il Bessarione a Grottaferrata: un'ipotesi sulla donazione dell'icona [Bessarion of Nicaea, while a cardinal resident in Rome, was commendatory abbot of the abbey at Grottaferrata. Among his donations to the abbey was an icon of the Virgin Mary painted in a Byzantine pictorial style. Although some elements of the painting are common to Rome in the Middle Ages, some elements, especially the inclusion of Saint Nilus in the triptych, are purely local to Grottaferrata. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Studi Medievali , 32., 2 (Dicembre 1991): Pages 807 - 814.
Year of Publication: 1991.

203. Record Number: 10891
Author(s): Hunt, Lucy-Anne
Contributor(s):
Title : A Woman’s Prayer to Saint Sergios in Latin Syria: Interpreting a Thirteenth-century Icon at Mount Sinai [The icons at Saint Catherine’s Monastery at Mount Sinai include one depicting a black-veiled woman keeling in prayer before an equestrian Saint Sergios. The symbolic significance of the woman’s black veil is unknown, but the painting may indicate the imp

Source: Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies , 15., ( 1991): Pages 96 - 145.
Year of Publication: 1991.

204. Record Number: 11214
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Why Found a Medieval Cistercian Nunnery? [Isabel de Aubigny, Countess of Arundel, was a noble-born English woman who established a Cistercian monastery in the thirteenth century. Isabel’s husband and many close relatives died when she was young, and she chose to remain a widow. After a series of additional family deaths, Isabel used the dowry she had been given by her father upon her marriage in order to establish a Cistercian nunnery. She had many motivations for founding the monastery: religious convictions (doing charity to benefit her soul in the afterlife), economic and political goals (disposing of estates), and social aspirations and responsibilities (maintaining family honor and increasing her social prestige). Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Medieval Prosopography , 12., 1 (Spring 1991): Pages 1 - 28.
Year of Publication: 1991.

205. Record Number: 6358
Author(s): Carrara, Eliana.
Contributor(s):
Title : Christine de Pizan: Biografia di una donna di lettere del XV secolo [Christine de Pizan was raised in her father's shadow and married young; left a widow, she had to support her children and her aged mother with her pen; she was mostly an author but also (it seems) a copyist; she particularly depended on the patronage of the French royal family].

Source: Quaderni Medievali , 29., (Giugno 1990): Pages 65 - 81.
Year of Publication: 1990.

206. Record Number: 8652
Author(s): Papi, Anna Benvenuti.
Contributor(s):
Title : Donne religiose nella Firenze del Due-Trecento [The calling of Florentine recluses was grounded in the hermit tradition, but their lives came to be regulated according to monastic norms. The hermit ideal was rural, but these women were urban. Communities of recluses could come into conflict with local ecclesiastical authorities, but they often had important lay patrons. Marginal women, including widows and ex-prostitutes, often found homes in communities of penitents. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: In castro poenitentiae: santità e società femminile nell’Italia medievali. Anna Benvenuti Papi . Herder, 1990. Quaderni Medievali , 29., (Giugno 1990): Pages 593 - 634. Originally printed as "Donne religiose nella Firenze del Due-Trecento: Appunti per una ricerca in corso," in Le mouvement confraternel au Moyen Âge: France, Suisse, Italie: Actes de la table ronde, Lausanne 9-11 mai 1985 (Droz, 1987). Pages 41-82.
Year of Publication: 1990.

207. Record Number: 14553
Author(s): Bennett, Adelaide.
Contributor(s):
Title : A Book Designed for a Noblewoman: An Illustrated "Manuel des Péchés" of the Thirteenth Century [The author analyzes a manuscript made for the noble woman Joan Tateshal of Lincolnshire. The devotional and didactic texts include a manual on confession with sixty exempla underlining the moral points (see Appendix I for a listing of the exempla). Joan Tateshal is represented twice in the manuscript, not in the typical pose praying before an altar but standing in a more commanding position. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Medieval Book Production: Assessing the Evidence. Edited by Linda L. Brownrigg . Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Seminar in the History of the Book to 1500, Oxford July 1988. Anderson-Lovelace, 1990. Quaderni Medievali , 29., (Giugno 1990): Pages 163 - 181.
Year of Publication: 1990.

208. Record Number: 12700
Author(s): Fabianski, Marcin.
Contributor(s):
Title : Federigo da Montefeltro's "Studiolo" in Gubbio Reconsidered. Its Decoration and Its Iconographic Program: An Interpretation [The series of painted panels in a duke's study, attributed to fifteenth century painter Joos van Gent (also known as Justus of Ghent or Giusto da Guanto), depict men kneeling before female personifications of the Liberal Arts. Although the exact attribution, purpose, or arrangement of the panels is unknown, the author suggests a team of artists was instructed to follow a program of iconography of the Arts and Virtues, with revisions to the program (including the inclusion of a duke's likeness and an oration scene) made at the request of the patron. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Artibus et Historiae , 11., 22 ( 1990): Pages 199 - 214.
Year of Publication: 1990.

209. Record Number: 28768
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Otto-Matilda Cross

Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Otto_Mathilden_Kreuz.jpg/250px-Otto_Mathilden_Kreuz.jpg
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210. Record Number:
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Dedication Stone of Ulm Cathedral

Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Ulm-Muenster-ReliefGrundsteinlegung-061209.jpg/250px-Ulm-Muenster-ReliefGrundsteinlegung-061209.jpg
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211. Record Number:
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Title : Portrait of Princess Anicia Juliana

Source:
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212. Record Number:
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Title : Vision of the Soul of Guy de Thurno

Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Vision_d%27ame_1475.jpg/250px-Vision_d%27ame_1475.jpg
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213. Record Number:
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Contributor(s):
Title : Empress Theodora and Retinue

Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Theodora_mosaik_ravenna.jpg/250px-Theodora_mosaik_ravenna.jpg
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214. Record Number:
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Christine de Pizan Presents her Book to Isabeau of Bavaria

Source:
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215. Record Number:
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Patronage Letter for Fogdo Abbey

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216. Record Number: 31175
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Central Panel from the Humility Polyptych - Umilta and a lay patron

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217. Record Number: 31186
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : New Minster Liber Vitae: Dedication page showing King Cnut and Queen Emma

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218. Record Number: 31187
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Encomium Emmae: Emma Enthroned

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219. Record Number: 31216
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Sarcophagus of Doña Berenguela (or Berengaria)

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220. Record Number: 31217
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Dedicatory Image of the Lippoldsberg Gospels

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221. Record Number: 31273
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Processional Cross

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222. Record Number: 32963
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Theodora episcopa, Praxedes, the Virgin Mary, and Pudentiana

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223. Record Number: 33957
Author(s):
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Title : Abbess Hitda gives a codex to St. Walburga

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224. Record Number: 34208
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Count Hugh I of Vaudemont embraces Aigeline of Burgundy

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225. Record Number: 36277
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Donor portraits of Margaret Blackburn and her husband Nicholas

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226. Record Number: 36351
Author(s):
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Title : Queen Urraca

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227. Record Number: 40331
Author(s):
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Title : Matilda of Canossa greeting Pope Paschal II

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228. Record Number: 43202
Author(s):
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Title : Christine de Pizan presents her book to Louis of Orleans

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229. Record Number: 43665
Author(s):
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Title : Madonna of Mercy with Foundlings

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230. Record Number: 45126
Author(s):
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Title : Frontispiece for the Rule of Saint Augustine and Constitutions of the Hospital of Notre Dame at Seclin

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231. Record Number: 45378
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Murder of Countess Sancha Muñiz

Source:
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