Feminae: Medieval Women and Gender Index

116 Record(s) Found in our database

SEE ALSO: fund raising

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1. Record Number: 44627
Author(s): Cavell, Emma
Contributor(s):
Title : Women, Memory and the Genesis of a Priory in Norman Monmouth

Source: Anglo-Norman Studies: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 2019 , 42., ( 2020): Pages 45 - 60. This journal is available with a subscription from JSTOR: https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvxhrjvk.8
and from Cambridge University Press: https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781787449138%23c3/type/book_part
Year of Publication: 2020.

2. Record Number: 27565
Author(s): Garver, Valerie L.
Contributor(s):
Title : Weaving Words in Silk: Women and Inscribed Bands in the Carolingian World [The author analyzes three silk woven bands surviving from Carolingian Germany: Witgar’s belt, Ailbecunda band, and the Speyer band. Witgar’s belt was a gift from Emma, wife of King Louis the German, to Witgar, the future bishop of Augsburg. In these three cases women not only donated high-status silk inscribed bands, but evidence also points to women as weavers of the tablet bands. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Medieval Clothing and Textiles , 6., ( 2010): Pages 33 - 56.
Year of Publication: 2010.

3. Record Number: 27568
Author(s): Stanford, Charlotte A.
Contributor(s):
Title : Donations from the Body for the Soul: Apparel, Devotion, and Status in Late Medieval Strasbourg [The author analyzes evidence of lay people’s contributions to the building and services of Strasbourg’s cathedral as recorded in the “Book of Donors” from the early fourteenth century to 1521. Many people contributed clothing and related items, both for resale and for use in liturgical services. Stanford notes women’s participation as donors and the varieties of women’s clothing and ornaments given as gifts. She underlines the personal nature of many women’s gifts including elaborate linens decorated with gold and silk destined for the Virgin’s chapel. The appendices include a glossary of apparel-related terms in the “Book of Donors” both in Latin and in German (pages 199-205). Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Medieval Clothing and Textiles , 6., ( 2010): Pages 173 - 205.
Year of Publication: 2010.

4. Record Number: 27613
Author(s): Gaudette, Helen A.,
Contributor(s):
Title : The Spending Power of a Crusader Queen: Melisende of Jerusalem [The author analyzes three projects which Melisende supported in part to increase public support for her rule: Bethgibelin Castle, the women's monastery of Bethany, and the covered market street in Jerusalem called "Malquisinat" (literally the Street of Bad Cooking). Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Women and Wealth in Late Medieval Europe. Edited by Theresa Earenfight The New Middle Ages. . Palgrave Macmillan, 2010. Medieval Clothing and Textiles , 6., ( 2010): Pages 135 - 148.
Year of Publication: 2010.

5. Record Number: 29907
Author(s): Berman, Constance Hoffman
Contributor(s):
Title : Two Medieval Women’s Property and Religious Benefactions in France: Eleanor of Vermandois and Blanche of Castile

Source: Viator , 41., 2 ( 2010): Pages 151 - 182.
Year of Publication: 2010.

6. Record Number: 24047
Author(s): Wells, Scott
Contributor(s):
Title : The Politics of Gender and Ethnicity in East Francia: The Case of Gandersheim, ca. 850-950 [The author argues that the women’s community at the monastery of Gandersheim was important because it conveyed multiple meanings for the Liudolfing-Saxon dynasty during a period of shifting familial and ethnic politics. During this time variations in royal support coincided with the monastery’s success or failure at articulating the ruling dynasty’s political identity. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Negotiating Community and Difference in Medieval Europe: Gender, Power, Patronage, and the Authority of Religion in Latin Christendom. Edited by Katherine Allen Smith and Scott Wells Studies in the History of Christian Traditions . Brill, 2009. Viator , 41., 2 ( 2010): Pages 113 - 135.
Year of Publication: 2009.

7. Record Number: 24048
Author(s): Berman, Constance Hoffman
Contributor(s):
Title : Noble Women's Power as Reflected in the Foundations of Cistercian Houses for Nuns in Thirteenth-Century Northern France: Port-Royal, les Clairets, Moncey, Lieu and Eau-lez-Chartres [The author examines five Cistercian female houses supported by Matilda of Brunswick, the Countess of the Perche; Matilda of Garlande, Lady of Marly; and Isabelle, Countess of Chartres with the help of her daughter, Matilda of Amboise. Berman argues that these actions reveal the power and authority women exercised and need to be incorporated into the historical narrative. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

8. Record Number: 26907
Author(s): Cavell, Emma
Contributor(s):
Title : The Burial of Noblewomen in Thirteenth-Century Shropshire

Source: Edited by Björn Weiler, Janet Burton, Phillipp Schofield, and Karen Stöber Boydell Press, Thirteenth Century England: Proceedings of the Gregynog Conference 2005 , 11., ( 2007): Pages 174 - 192.
Year of Publication: 2007.

9. Record Number: 15840
Author(s): Weddle, Saundra.
Contributor(s):
Title : Identity and Alliance: Urban Presence, Spatial Privilege, and Florentine Renaissance Convents [The author analyses the locations and functions of women's monasteries in late medieval and early modern Florence. Weddle argues that architectural spaces carried multiple meanings. Womens' monasteries were places of spiritual work, but they also could convey meanings related to patronage and politics. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Renaissance Florence: A Social History. Edited by Roger J. Crum and John T. Paoletti . Cambridge University Press, 2006. Thirteenth Century England: Proceedings of the Gregynog Conference 2005 , 11., ( 2007): Pages 394 - 412.
Year of Publication: 2006.

10. Record Number: 11752
Author(s): Stanbury, Sarah and Virginia Chieffo Raguin
Contributor(s):
Title : Introduction [The authors briefly discuss ideas involved with women and their relations to the physical spaces of churches. They introduce theorists who have had an influence in this area including Pierre Bourdieu. They discuss the case of the squint, a hole in the screen around the chancel allowing a view of the altar, in terms of women's use and the subjective experience of peeping into a privileged space. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Women's Space: Patronage, Place, and Gender in the Medieval Church. Edited by Virginia Chieffo Raguin and Sarah Stanbury . State University of New York Press, 2005. Thirteenth Century England: Proceedings of the Gregynog Conference 2005 , 11., ( 2007): Pages 1 - 21.
Year of Publication: 2005.

11. Record Number: 11755
Author(s): Stanbury, Sarah.
Contributor(s):
Title : Margery Kempe and the Arts of Self-Patronage [The author argues that Margery Kempe frequently presents herself in her book as a patron and donor to the church. Stanbury compares this to surviving devotional art with donor portraits to suggest the imagery and social recognition Kempe may have had in mind. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

12. Record Number: 11758
Author(s): Heller, Ena Giurescu.
Contributor(s):
Title : Access to Salvation: The Place (and Space) of Women Patrons in Fourteenth-century Florence [The author provides a case study of Monna Andrea Acciaiuoli's patronage of her husband's family chapel in Santa Maria Novella. She commissioned the glass windows and the altarpiece. Heller raises the question of whether Monna Andrea and other female patrons had access to these family chapels beyond the rood screen. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

13. Record Number: 20782
Author(s): Trout, Dennis
Contributor(s):
Title : Theodelinda's Rome: "Ampullae," "Pittacia," and the Image of the City [Describes the political significance of Theodelinda's patronage of a collection of oils from the Roman "martyria," its repercussions on her relationship with Pope Gregory the Great, and that of Lombardy with the papacy in Rome. Also investigates how the burial locations of saints defined the layout of medieval cities. Title note supplied by Feminae].

Source: Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome , 50., ( 2005): Pages 131 - 145.
Year of Publication: 2005.

14. Record Number: 14630
Author(s): Elliott, Janis and Cordelia Warr
Contributor(s):
Title : Introduction [The authors briefly survey Angevin patronage, the nuns' practices, the pictorial program, and the architectural scheme of the church of Santa Maria Donna Regina in Naples. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: The Church of Santa Maria Donna Regina: Art, Iconography, and Patronage in Fourteenth-Century Naples. Edited by Janis Elliott and Cordelia Warr . Ashgate, 2004. Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome , 50., ( 2005): Pages 1 - 12.
Year of Publication: 2004.

15. Record Number: 14095
Author(s): Reimann, Heike.
Contributor(s):
Title : Cistercian Nuns in the High Middle Ages: The Cistercians of Bergen in the Principality of Rügen (North Germany)

Source: Cîteaux: Revue d'Histoire Cistercienne , 55., 40241 ( 2004): Pages 231 - 244.
Year of Publication: 2004.

16. Record Number: 14633
Author(s): Clear, Matthew J.
Contributor(s):
Title : Maria of Hungary as Queen, Patron, and Exemplar [The author considers Mary of Hungary's areas of influence including her role as regent ("vicar") during her husband's absences, her economic resources for political and religious activities, and her importance to her many family members as a support and a role model. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: The Church of Santa Maria Donna Regina: Art, Iconography, and Patronage in Fourteenth-Century Naples. Edited by Janis Elliott and Cordelia Warr . Ashgate, 2004. Cîteaux: Revue d'Histoire Cistercienne , 55., 40241 ( 2004): Pages 45 - 60.
Year of Publication: 2004.

17. Record Number: 14635
Author(s): Bruzelius, Caroline.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Architectural Context of Santa Maria Donna Regina [The author briefly surveys three aspects of the church's architecture: the organization of the spaces, the particular needs of Clarissan churches, and the development of the church's design in relation to other Neapolitan churches, especially the cathedral with the tomb of Charles I. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

18. Record Number: 11420
Author(s): Hall, Dianne.
Contributor(s):
Title : Necessary Collaborations: Religious Women and Lay Communities in Medieval Ireland, c. 1200-1540 [The author argues that the boundaries between Irish women's monastic houses and lay communities were permeable. Nuns sought good relations with neighbors and family members to ensure material and political support. Monastic women needed to ignore the rules of enclosure in order to adminster the monasteries' lands and keep in touch with their families. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Irish Women's History. Edited by Alan Hayes and Diane Urquhart . Irish Academic Press, 2004. Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome , 50., ( 2005): Pages 15 - 28.
Year of Publication: 2004.

19. Record Number: 14641
Author(s): Gardner, Julian.
Contributor(s):
Title : Santa Maria Donna Regina in its European Context [The author argues for Santa Maria Donna Regina's importance as a royal monastery for women. Other contemporary examples like Longchamps and Poissy do not survive. Furthermore, Mary of Hungary's tomb and the extensive fresco program incorporate complex dynastic and sacred themes. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

20. Record Number: 10963
Author(s): Strocchia, Sharon T.
Contributor(s):
Title : Taken into Custody: Girls and Convent Guardianship in Renaissance Florence

Source: Renaissance studies : journal of the Society for Renaissance Studies , 17., 2 (June 2003): Pages 177 - 200.
Year of Publication: 2003.

21. Record Number: 11950
Author(s): Shadis, Miriam and Constance Hoffman Berman
Contributor(s):
Title : A Taste of the Feast: Reconsidering Eleanor of Aquitaine's Female Descendants [The authors profile Eleanor's female descendants, especially her daughters and their daughters. In the lives of figures including Blanche of Castile and Leonor, queen of Aragon, Shadis and Berman analyze their uses of power in the areas of politics, patronage, and family. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Eleanor of Aquitaine: Lord and Lady. Edited by Bonnie Wheeler and John Carmi Parsons The New Middle Ages . Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. Cîteaux: Revue d'Histoire Cistercienne , 55., 40241 ( 2004): Pages 177 - 211.
Year of Publication: 2003.

22. Record Number: 8710
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : The Gender of Lordly Women: The Case of Adela of Blois [The author argues that scholars who view medieval women rulers as "honorary men" are wrong. Instead medieval understandings of gender and lordship situated ruling women like Adela within royal and noble families. While acknowledging that they sometimes needed to act like men, it did not negate their femininity since they fulfilled important roles as daughters, wives, and mothers. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Studies on Medieval and Early Modern Women: Pawns or Players? Edited by Christine Meek and Catherine Lawless . Four Courts Press, 2003. Renaissance studies : journal of the Society for Renaissance Studies , 17., 2 (June 2003): Pages 90 - 110.
Year of Publication: 2003.

23. Record Number: 8067
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Who is the Master of This Narrative? Maternal Patronage of the Cult of St. Margaret [The author argues that the needs of women in childbirth prevailed in the texts and images of Saint Margaret. The surviving artifacts emphasize her miraculous deliverance from the dragon although learned clerics tried to excise this doubtful incident from the tradition. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Gendering the Master Narrative: Women and Power in the Middle Ages. Edited by Mary C. Erler and Maryanne Kowaleski . Cornell University Press, 2003. Renaissance studies : journal of the Society for Renaissance Studies , 17., 2 (June 2003): Pages 94 - 104.
Year of Publication: 2003.

24. Record Number: 11944
Author(s): de La Roncière, Charles M. Bourel.
Contributor(s):
Title : Queen Eleanor and Aquitaine, 1137-1189 [The author analyzes 50 surviving charters which Eleanor issued in Aquitaine. While she served as Louis VII's agent, she had more authority during the early years of her marriage to Henry II. Following the long years of confinement ordered by Henry, Elean

Source: Eleanor of Aquitaine: Lord and Lady. Edited by Bonnie Wheeler and John Carmi Parsons The New Middle Ages . Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. Renaissance studies : journal of the Society for Renaissance Studies , 17., 2 (June 2003): Pages 55 - 76.
Year of Publication: 2003.

25. Record Number: 10649
Author(s): MacLean, Simon.
Contributor(s):
Title : Queenship, Nunneries, and Royal Widowhood in Carolingian Europe [The author traces the political implications of these three phenomena which came together very strongly during the second half of the ninth century. MacLean uses case studies of Empress Richgard's management of the monastery of Andlau in Alsace and of Empress Engelberga's administration of S. Sisto in Piacenza, Italy. In both instances the royal widows drew on natal family ties and regional connections to establish their authority. MacLean suggests that the rise in queenly influence at this period was in part an effort to establish a moral role for queens whose reputations had been badly tarnished by such events as Lothar's divorce. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Past and Present , 178., (February 2003): Pages 3 - 38.
Year of Publication: 2003.

26. Record Number: 10659
Author(s): Murphy, Kevin J.F.
Contributor(s):
Title : Lilium inter spinas: Bianca Spini and the Decoration of the Spini Chapel in Santa Trinita [The author argues that Bianca, the widowed daughter of a wealthy and powerful member of the Spini family, commissioned an altarpiece for the family chapel with references to her personal identity. As a widow who evidently chose not to remarry, Bianca struggled with her husband's family for restitution of her dowry. The frequent suspicions about unmarried women's virtue seem to be answered in the Spini altarpiece painting of the Assumption by the Virgin's purity and authority. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Italian History and Culture , 8., ( 2002): Pages 51 - 65.
Year of Publication: 2002.

27. Record Number: 10515
Author(s): Spear, Valerie.
Contributor(s):
Title : Change and Decay? The Nunnery and the Secular World in Late Medieval England

Source: Our Medieval Heritage: Essays in Honour of John Tillotson for His 60th Birthday. Edited by Linda Rasmussen, Valerie Spear, and Dianne Tillotson . Merton Priory Press, 2002. Past and Present , 178., (February 2003): Pages 15 - 29.
Year of Publication: 2002.

28. Record Number: 6634
Author(s): Larson, Wendy R.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Role of Patronage and Audience in the Cults of Sts. Margaret and Marina of Antioch [the author compares the cults of the two saints who share virtually the same "vita" but whose powers and devotees were very different; Saint Marina offered help against demonic influences in general to men and women alike while Saint Margaret was most venerated for the aid she offered to women and babies in childbirth].

Source: Gender and Holiness: Men, Women, and Saints in Late Medieval Europe. Edited by Samantha J. E. Riches and Sarah Salih . Routledge, 2002. Past and Present , 178., (February 2003): Pages 23 - 35.
Year of Publication: 2002.

29. Record Number: 7270
Author(s): Beach, Alison I.
Contributor(s):
Title : Voices from a Distant Land: Fragments of a Twelfth-Century Nuns' Letter Collection [The author has identified nineteen full or partial letters written by nuns at Admont. Some are routine correspondence relating to patronage, but others are of a personal nature including a mother who wants her young daughter brought to her and a nun who

Source: Speculum , 77., 1 (January 2002): Pages 34 - 54.
Year of Publication: 2002.

30. Record Number: 8851
Author(s): Blanton-Whetsell, Virginia.
Contributor(s):
Title : Imagines Aetheldredae: Mapping Hagiographic Representations of Abbatial Power and Religious Patronage [The author studies the veneration of Saint Æthelthryth (or Etheldreda) in England across the Middle Ages and across both lay and religious audiences. She argues that scholars frequently divide the evidence of a saint's cult along academic disciplinary lines. They thereby miss evidence that is crucial for their understanding of a saint and those who honored her. Appendix A is an extensive inventory of representations, texts, and buildings concerning or devoted to Saint Ethelreda. Known origins are also indicated. Appendix B is a chart that tabulates the data in Appendix A. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Studies in Iconography , 23., ( 2002): Pages 55 - 107.
Year of Publication: 2002.

31. Record Number: 8060
Author(s): McMillin, Linda.
Contributor(s):
Title : Anonymous Lives: Documents from the Benedictine Convent of Sant Pere de les Puelles [The author introduces three documents from a monastic archive in Barcelona. They all concern women who are disposing of financial assets, either through a will or through donations to the monastery upon becoming a nun there. In all three cases the women went to some length to ensure that their wishes would be obeyed. Latin texts of the documents along with English translations follow. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Women Writing Latin from Roman Antiquity to Early Modern Europe. Volume 2: Medieval Women Writing Latin. Edited by Laurie J. Churchill, Phyllis R. Brown, and Jane E. Jeffrey . Routledge, 2002. Studies in Iconography , 23., ( 2002): Pages 265 - 280.
Year of Publication: 2002.

32. Record Number: 10210
Author(s): Talbot, Alice-Mary.
Contributor(s):
Title : Building Activity in Constantinople under Andronikos II: The Role of Women Patrons in the Construction and Restoration of Monasteries [The author notes the substantial number of both female patrons and women's monasteries during this period. The patrons are connected to the royal family by blood or marriage. Individuals profiled include Theodora Raoulaina, Maria Palaiologina, Theodora Synadene, Irene Choumnaina Palaiologina, and Maria Doukaina Komnene Branaina Palaiologina. The women were all widows at the time of their donations and gave substantial gifts for a monastery to which they could retire and where they could bury their family members. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Byzantine Constantinople: Monuments, Topography, and Everyday Life. Edited by Nevra Necipoglu. The Medieval Mediterranean: Peoples, Economies, and Cultures, 400-1453, Volume 33 Medieval Mediterranean, 33. Brill, 2001. Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome , 46., ( 2001): Pages 329 - 343.
Year of Publication: 2001.

33. Record Number: 6256
Author(s): Halpin, Patricia.
Contributor(s):
Title : Women and Piety. Part Three of Court and Piety in Late Anglo-Saxon England by Mary Frances Smith, Robin Fleming, and Patricia Halpin [the author focuses on the often rich material goods, sometimes of their own making, that women gave to the Church, including embroideries, woven cloth, ecclesiastical vestments, crucifixes, books, and jewelry; the author argues that women in general were concerned with encouraging a private, personal spirituality and had more control over the dispersal of their material goods than their land].

Source: Catholic Historical Review (Full Text via Project Muse) 87, 4 (October 2001): 588-602. Link Info
Year of Publication: 2001.

34. Record Number: 21266
Author(s): Rossi Vairo, Giulia
Contributor(s):
Title : Isabella d'Aragona, "Rainha santa de Portugal," e il monastero di Santa Clara e Santa Isabel di Coimbra (1286-1336) [The monastery of Santa Clara e Santa Isabel was founded by Donna Mor Dias in 1286. Isabel, queen of Portugal, took over patronage of the monastery, refounded it, and completed the buildings. Isabel played a key role in the building project and secured favors for the monastery from the pope. The Queen played an active role in the community's life down to her death, when she was buried in the monastery. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Collectanea Franciscana , 71., 40180 ( 2001): Pages 139 - 170.
Year of Publication: 2001.

35. Record Number: 5539
Author(s): Baader, Gerhard.
Contributor(s):
Title : Elections of Abbesses and Notions of Identity in Fifteenth- and Sixteenth-Century Italy, with Special Reference to Venice

Source: Renaissance Quarterly (Full Text via JSTOR) 54, 2 (Summer 2001): 389-429. Link Info
Year of Publication: 2001.

36. Record Number: 5540
Author(s): Radke, Gary M.
Contributor(s):
Title : Nuns and Their Art: The Case of San Zaccaria in Renaissance Venice [the nuns of San Zaccaria, mostly of good birth, had a symbiotic relationship with the city of Venice; public and private interests supported the nuns; and they responded by, among other things, patronizing art that was seen by visitors to their church; during the fifteenth century the nuns both redecorated their original church and, in the 1460s, built a new church alongside the old; the nuns not only funded these projects, they supervised the work to see that their wishes were heeded].

Source: Renaissance Quarterly (Full Text via JSTOR) 54, 2 (Summer 2001): 430-459. Link Info
Year of Publication: 2001.

37. Record Number: 8328
Author(s): Cossar, Roisin.
Contributor(s):
Title : A Good Woman: Gender Roles and Female Religious Identity in Late Medieval Bergamo [The author argues that women in Bergamo in the late Middle Ages saw a growing limitation on their participation in public religion. Confraternities became more male-dominated and changed their female members from participants to clients for services including estate management and memorial masses. However, women did find other outlets for their religious devotion within private, domestic environments, such as female monasteries. This resulted in women meeting their spiritual needs by cobbling together a network of relationships and services as reflected by women's bequests from Bergamo of household goods, money, and land to female monasteries, parish churches and confraternities. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome , 46., ( 2001): Pages 119 - 132.
Year of Publication: 2001.

38. Record Number: 4138
Author(s): McKenna, Elizabeth.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Gift of a Lady: Women as Patrons of the Arts in Medieval Ireland

Source: Women in Renaissance and Early Modern Europe. Edited by Christine Meek . Four Courts Press, 2000. Byzantine Studies Conference. Abstracts of Papers , 26., ( 2000): Pages 84 - 94.
Year of Publication: 2000.

39. Record Number: 21265
Author(s): Milisenda, Floriana
Contributor(s):
Title : l monasteri delle Clarisse in Sicilia nel XIII e nel XIV secolo [The first monastery of the Poor Clares in Sicily was founded at Catania after 1228. Most of the houses were founded in the 14th century. This slow growth can be attributed to political turmoil in the 13th century. The growth in the following century owed much to royal patronage. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Collectanea Franciscana , 70., 40241 ( 2000): Pages 485 - 519.
Year of Publication: 2000.

40. Record Number: 5444
Author(s): Primhak, Victoria.
Contributor(s):
Title : Benedictine Communities in Venetian Society: The Convent of S. Zaccaria [S. Zaccaria was a conventual convent where the nuns did not observe "clausura" and had use of their private incomes; the nuns were able to resist reform because the convent was one of the oldest and most prestigious in the city and welcomed the daughters

Source: Women in Italian Renaissance Culture and Society. Edited by Letizia Panizza . European Humanities Research Centre, University of Oxford, 2000. Collectanea Franciscana , 71., 40180 ( 2001): Pages 92 - 104.
Year of Publication: 2000.

41. Record Number: 4872
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : An Abbess and a Painter: Emilia Pannocchieschi d'Elci and a Fresco From the Circle of Simone Martini

Source: Renaissance studies : journal of the Society for Renaissance Studies , 14., 3 (September 2000): Pages 273 - 300.
Year of Publication: 2000.

42. Record Number: 4837
Author(s): Skinner, Mary S.
Contributor(s):
Title : French Abbesses in Action: Structuring Carolingian and Cluniac Communities [The author analyzes charters from six women's and five men's monasteries from Anjou, Touraine, and Poitou; the women's houses are Sainte Croix and Trinity, Poitiers; St. Loup/Beaumont, Tours; Ronceray, Angers; S. Georges, Rennes; and Notre Dame, Saintes]

Source: Magistra , 6., 1 (Summer 2000): Pages 37 - 60.
Year of Publication: 2000.

43. Record Number: 4418
Author(s): Stafford, Pauline.
Contributor(s):
Title : Cherchez la femme. Queens, Queens' Lands, and Nunneries: Missing Links in the Foundation of Reading Abbey

Source: History: The Journal of the Historical Association , 85., 277 (January 2000): Pages 4 - 27. Reprinted in Gender, Family and the Legitimation of Power: England from the Ninth to Early Twelfth Century. By Pauline Stafford. Ashgate Variorum, 2006. Article XII.
Year of Publication: 2000.

44. Record Number: 5359
Author(s): Korac, Dusan.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Empress, the Despoina, the Sultana, and Black-Robed Monks: Three Serbian Ladies on Mount Athos [The author cites the cases of three prominent women who were allowed to visit the monasteries that normally barred access to women].

Source: Byzantine Studies Conference. Abstracts of Papers , 26., ( 2000): Pages 106 - 107.
Year of Publication: 2000.

45. Record Number: 5441
Author(s): Welch, Evelyn S.
Contributor(s):
Title : Women as Patrons and Clients in the Courts of Quattrocento Italy [The author examines cases of "clientelismo" in Italian courts involving duchesses and their household staff in relationships with groups ranging from clients to religious houses].

Source: Women in Italian Renaissance Culture and Society. Edited by Letizia Panizza . European Humanities Research Centre, University of Oxford, 2000. Byzantine Studies Conference. Abstracts of Papers , 26., ( 2000): Pages 18 - 34.
Year of Publication: 2000.

46. Record Number: 3777
Author(s): Livingstone, Amy
Contributor(s):
Title : Aristocratic Women in the Chartrain

Source: Aristocratic Women in Medieval France. Edited by Theodore Evergates . University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999. Viator , 30., ( 1999): Pages 44 - 73.
Year of Publication: 1999.

47. Record Number: 3956
Author(s): Holman, Beth L.
Contributor(s):
Title : Exemplum and "Imitatio" : Countess Matilda and Lucrezia Pico della Mirandola at Polirone Italy [the Appendix reproduces four documents in Latin concerning Lucrezia Pico della Mirandola and the monastery at Polirone].

Source: Art Bulletin (Full Text via JSTOR) 81,4 (December 1999): 637-664. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1999.

48. Record Number: 5363
Author(s): van Houts, Elisabeth.
Contributor(s):
Title : Countess Gunnor of Normandy (c. 950-1031)

Source: Collegium Medievale , 12., ( 1999): Pages 7 - 24.
Year of Publication: 1999.

49. Record Number: 3756
Author(s): Livingstone, Amy
Contributor(s):
Title : Powerful Allies and Dangerous Adversaries: Noblewomen in Medieval Society [the author writes an introductory overview of noble women's lives as daughters, wives, mothers, and widows including their relationships with the church and land].

Source: Women in Medieval Western European Culture. Edited by Linda E. Mitchell . Garland Publishing, 1999. Collegium Medievale , 12., ( 1999): Pages 7 - 30.
Year of Publication: 1999.

50. Record Number: 4707
Author(s): McDonald, R. Andrew.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Foundation and Patronage of Nunneries by Native Elites in Twelfth- and Early Thirteenth-Century Scotland

Source: Women in Scotland c. 1100-c. 1750. Edited by Elizabeth Ewan and Maureen M. Meikle . Tuckwell Press, 1999. Collegium Medievale , 12., ( 1999): Pages 3 - 15.
Year of Publication: 1999.

51. Record Number: 7359
Author(s): Mckitterick, Rosamond.
Contributor(s):
Title : Les Femmes, les arts et la culture en occident dans le haut moyen âge [The author examines the efforts made by learned women during the Carolingian era to promote Biblical knowledge and reform the liturgy. In monasteries high-born women copied important texts and wrote in all the valued literary genres. Royal and noblewomen, including Gisela, the sister of Charlemagne, and Rotrude, his daughter, developed relationships as patrons and allies with scholars and churchmen from whom they commissioned texts which responded to their religious needs. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Femmes et pouvoirs des femmes à Byzance et en Occident (VIe -XIe siècles). Colloque international organisé les 28, 29 et 30 mars 1996 à Bruxelles et Villeneuve d'Ascq. Edited by Stéphane Lebecq, Alain Dierkens, Régine Le Jan, and Jean-Marie Sansterre . Centre de Recherche sur l'Histoire de l'Europe du Nord-Ouest, Université Charles de Gaulle-Lille 3, 1999. Collegium Medievale , 12., ( 1999): Pages 149 - 161.
Year of Publication: 1999.

52. Record Number: 3700
Author(s): Crick, Julia.
Contributor(s):
Title : Women, Posthumous Benefaction, and Family Strategy in Pre-Conquest England [The author analyzes wills in which women play a prominent part, particularly in the granting and receiving of property; the author argues that women cared for family property and passed it on to the church as the original donors wished].

Source: Journal of British Studies (Full Text via JSTOR) 38, 4 (October 1999): 399-422 Link Info
Year of Publication: 1999.

53. Record Number: 5150
Author(s): Crick, Julia.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Wealth, Patronage, and Connections of Women's Houses in Late Anglo-Saxon England

Source: Revue Bénédictine , 109., 40180 ( 1999): Pages 154 - 185.
Year of Publication: 1999.

54. Record Number: 3705
Author(s): Warren, Nancy Bradley.
Contributor(s):
Title : Kings, Saints, and Nuns: Gender, Religion, and Authority in the Reign of Henry V

Source: Viator , 30., ( 1999): Pages 307 - 322.
Year of Publication: 1999.

55. Record Number: 3370
Author(s): Walker, Rose.
Contributor(s):
Title : Sancha, Urraca, and Elvira: the Virtues and Vices of Spanish Royal Women "Dedicated to God" [The author traces evidence of the power of Urraca and Sancha; Urraca had the institution of the infantado which placed monasteries within her control; Sancha evidently was involved with the change from the Mozarabic liturgy to the Roman liturgy].

Source: Reading Medieval Studies , 24., ( 1998): Pages 113 - 138.
Year of Publication: 1998.

56. Record Number: 447
Author(s): Krustev, Georgi.
Contributor(s):
Title : A Poem by Maria Comnene Palaeologina from Manuscript No. 177 of the Ivan Dujcev Centre for Slavo-Byzantine Studies [suggests that the author of the poem was the illegitimate daughter of Michael VIII Palaeologus and was married to Abaka, the Mongol ruler of Persia; she may have found Codex No. 177 in Persia and donated it to the Monastery of the Chora in Constantinople; article includes the text of the poem].

Source: Byzantinoslavica , 58., 1 ( 1997): Pages 71 - 77.
Year of Publication: 1997.

57. Record Number: 2081
Author(s): Walmsley, John.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Early Abbesses, Nuns, and Female Tenants of the Abbey of Holy Trinity, Caen [using charters and early surveys, the author examines the administration of the abbesses, the social origins of the nuns, and the status of female tenants both in Normandy and England, particularly the inheritance rights of widows].

Source: Journal of Ecclesiastical History , 48., 3 (July 1997): Pages 425 - 444.
Year of Publication: 1997.

58. Record Number: 4999
Author(s): Bergamaschi, Maria Bettelli.
Contributor(s):
Title : Monachesimo femminile e potere politico nell' Alto Medioevo: Il caso di San Salvatore di Brescia [Monasticism began as an alternative to the rapprochement between Church and Empire. Gradually, however, even women's communities were assimilated into the noble culture of the early Middle Ages. San Salvatore was founded and led by noble women. Moreover, noble families expected both spiritual and political benefits from their patronage. Desiderius, king of the Lombards, with his wife Ansa, supported San Salvatore as a political move when he was consolidating his regime, demonstrating his power and orthodoxy to a key city].

Source: Il monachesimo femminile in Italia dall' Alto Medioevo al secolo XVII a confronto con l' oggi. Edited by Gabriella Zarri . San Pietro in Cariano: Il Segno dei Gabrielli editori, 1997. Journal of Ecclesiastical History , 48., 3 (July 1997): Pages 41 - 74.
Year of Publication: 1997.

59. Record Number: 2269
Author(s): Galloway, Penelope.
Contributor(s):
Title : Discreet and Devout Maidens: Women's Involvement in Beguine Communities in Northern France, 1200-1500 [explores the efforts of rulers (including the countesses of Flanders, Jeanne and Marguerite), members of the bourgeoisie, and beguines themselves to develop and finance beguine houses in Douai and Lille].

Source: Medieval Women in Their Communities. Edited by Diane Watt . University of Toronto Press, 1997. Reading Medieval Studies , 24., ( 1998): Pages 92 - 115.
Year of Publication: 1997.

60. Record Number: 2273
Author(s): Zimmermann, Margarete
Contributor(s):
Title : English Noblewomen and the Local Community in the Later Middle Ages [roles that noble women played at the local level as employers, almsgivers, supporters of the parish, providers of hospitality and entertainment, and members of confraternities].

Source: Medieval Women in Their Communities. Edited by Diane Watt . University of Toronto Press, 1997. Reading Medieval Studies , 24., ( 1998): Pages 186 - 203.
Year of Publication: 1997.

61. Record Number: 2206
Author(s): Livingstone, Amy
Contributor(s):
Title : Noblewomen's Control of Property in Early Twelfth-Century Blois-Chartres

Source: Medieval Prosopography , 18., ( 1997): Pages 55 - 71.
Year of Publication: 1997.

62. Record Number: 2459
Author(s): Martindale, Andrew.
Contributor(s):
Title : Theodolinda: The Fifteenth-Century Recollection of a Lombard Queen [analysis of Theodolinda's meaning for the late medieval period, based on the art in the Theodolinda Chapel, the Cathedral's treasures associated with the queen, and the accounts by the fourteenth century chronicler Bonincontro and the eighth century historian, Paul the Deacon].

Source: The church retrospective: papers read at the 1995 Summer Meeting and the 1996 Winter Meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society. Edited by R. N. Swanson Studies in Church History, 33. 1997. Medieval Prosopography , 18., ( 1997): Pages 195 - 225.
Year of Publication: 1997.

63. Record Number: 2557
Author(s): Kisby, Fiona.
Contributor(s):
Title : A Mirror of Monarchy: Music and Musicians in the Household Chapel of the Lady Margaret Beaufort, Mother of Henry VII [article includes an appendix listing the members of the chapel of Lady Margaret Beaufort].

Source: Early Music History (Full Text via JSTOR) 16 (1997): 203-234. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1997.

64. Record Number: 2515
Author(s): Halpin, Patricia.
Contributor(s):
Title : Anglo-Saxon Women and Pilgrimage [discusses trips to the Continent, to English shrines, and pilgrimages of the "heart" through devotional texts and art; includes a brief analysis of four devotional objects, a crucifix, two manuscript illuminations, and an embroidered alb, that were commissioned by women].

Source: Anglo-Norman Studies , 19., ( 1996): Pages 97 - 122.
Year of Publication: 1996.

65. Record Number: 2987
Author(s): Edwards, Carolyn.
Contributor(s):
Title : Dynastic Sanctity in Two Early Medieval Women's "Lives" [Hathumoda, abbess of Gandersheim, and St. Mathilde, pious widow of Henry I].

Source: Medieval Family Roles: A Book of Essays. Edited by Cathy Jorgensen Itnyre . Garland Publishing, 1996. Anglo-Norman Studies , 19., ( 1996): Pages 3 - 19.
Year of Publication: 1996.

66. Record Number: 3674
Author(s): McClanan, Anne
Contributor(s):
Title : The Empress Theodora and the Tradition of Women's Patronage in the Early Byzantine Empire

Source: The Cultural Patronage of Medieval Women. Edited by June Hall McCash . University of Georgia Press, 1996. Anglo-Norman Studies , 19., ( 1996): Pages 50 - 72.
Year of Publication: 1996.

67. Record Number: 3677
Author(s): Kay, Sarah.
Contributor(s):
Title : Proclaiming Her Dignity Abroad: The Literary and Artistic Network of Matilda of Scotland, Queen of England 1100-1118 [The author argues that Matilda pursued extensive projects in poetry, music, art, architecture, and literature in part to increase her prestige and spread her fame].

Source: The Cultural Patronage of Medieval Women. Edited by June Hall McCash . University of Georgia Press, 1996. Downside Review , 114., 397 (October 1996): Pages 155 - 174.
Year of Publication: 1996.

68. Record Number: 2284
Author(s): Shahid, Irfan.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Church of Sts. Sergius and Bacchus in Constantinople: Who Built It and Why? [Suggests that both Justinian and his wife Theodora were responsible but had different motives. Theodora was moved by religious concerns while Justinian was worried about the outcome of the Persian War].

Source: Byzantine Studies Conference. Abstracts of Papers , 22., ( 1996): Pages 84
Year of Publication: 1996.

69. Record Number: 3683
Author(s): Willard, Charity Cannon.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Patronage of Isabel of Portugal

70. Record Number: 2751
Author(s): Wybourne, Catherine and Dame
Contributor(s):
Title : Seafarers and Stay-At-Homes: Anglo-Saxon Nuns and Mission [The author traces the activity of nuns during the Anglo Saxon period from Leoba's missionary efforts in Germany to the much more restricted period in the tenth and eleventh centuries as double houses disappeared].

Source: Downside Review , 114., 397 (October 1996): Pages 246 - 266.
Year of Publication: 1996.

71. Record Number: 747
Author(s): Venarde, Bruce L.
Contributor(s):
Title : Praesidentes Negotiis: Abbesses as Managers in Twelfth- Century France [Hersende and Petronilla of Fontevraud and Héloïse, of Paraclet].

Source: Portraits of Medieval and Renaissance Living: Essays in Honor of David Herlihy. Edited by Samual K. Cohn, Jr. and Steven A. Epstein . University of Michigan Press, 1996. Byzantine Studies Conference. Abstracts of Papers , 22., ( 1996): Pages 189 - 205.
Year of Publication: 1996.

72. Record Number: 3676
Author(s): Caviness, Madeline H.
Contributor(s):
Title : Anchoress, Abbess, and Queen: Donors and Patrons or Intercessors and Matrons?

Source: The Cultural Patronage of Medieval Women. Edited by June Hall McCash . University of Georgia Press, 1996. Byzantine Studies Conference. Abstracts of Papers , 22., ( 1996): Pages 105 - 154. Reprinted in Art in the Medieval West and its Audience. By Madeline H. Caviness. Ashgate Variorum, 2001. Article 6.
Year of Publication: 1996.

73. Record Number: 3681
Author(s): Underhill, Frances A.
Contributor(s):
Title : Elizabeth de Burgh: Connoisseur and Patron [The author surveys Elizabeth de Burgh's extensive patronage of literary, academic, and artistic endeavors; she devoted her greatest efforts to Clare College, an unusual choice of patronage for the time.]

74. Record Number: 521
Author(s): Richards, Marie.
Contributor(s):
Title : Community and Poverty in the Reformed Order of St. Clare in the Fifteenth Century

Source: Journal of Religious History , 19., 1 (June 1995): Pages 10 - 25.
Year of Publication: 1995.

75. Record Number: 1571
Author(s): Wertheimer, Laura.
Contributor(s):
Title : Adeliza of Louvain and Anglo- Norman Queenship

Source: The Haskins Society Journal , 7., ( 1995): Pages 101 - 115.
Year of Publication: 1995.

76. Record Number: 1572
Author(s): Johns, Susan.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Wives and Widows of the Earls of Chester, 1100-1252: The Charter Evidence [focuses on their power to make land transactions, particularly in support of the Church].

Source: The Haskins Society Journal , 7., ( 1995): Pages 117 - 132.
Year of Publication: 1995.

77. Record Number: 1844
Author(s): Nelson, Janet L.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Wary Widow [case study of the will of Erkanfrida, widow of a minor noble man and a "deo sacrata," a woman consecrated to God in her widowhood; the author includes an English translation of the will and an appendix gives the Latin text of the will from Wampach's "Urkunden- und Quellenbuch zur Geschichte der altluxemburgischen Territorien," Reprinted in Courts, Elites, and Gendered Power in the Early Middle Ages: Charlemagne and Others. By Janet L. Nelson. Ashgate Variorum, 2007. Article 2. Pages 87-90].

Source: Property and Power in the Early Middle Ages. Edited by Wendy Davies and Paul Fouracre . Cambridge University Press, 1995. The Haskins Society Journal , 7., ( 1995): Pages 82 - 113. Reprinted in Courts, Elites, and Gendered Power in the Early Middle Ages: Charlemagne and Others. By Janet L. Nelson. Ashgate Variorum, 2007. Article 2.
Year of Publication: 1995.

78. Record Number: 338
Author(s): McGurk, Patrick and Jane Rosenthal
Contributor(s):
Title : Anglo-Saxon Gospelbooks of Judith, Countess of Flanders: Their Text, Make-Up, and Function

Source: Anglo-Saxon England , 24., ( 1995): Pages 251 - 308.
Year of Publication: 1995.

79. Record Number: 2765
Author(s): Goez, Elke.
Contributor(s):
Title : Die Markgrafen von Canossa und die Klöster

Source: Deutsches Archiv , 51., ( 1995): Pages 83 - 114.
Year of Publication: 1995.

80. Record Number: 2768
Author(s): Thümmel, Hans Georg.
Contributor(s):
Title : Muttergottesikonen und Mariengnadenbilder

Source: Byzantinoslavica , 56., 3 ( 1995): Pages 759
Year of Publication: 1995.

81. Record Number: 5651
Author(s): Gardner, Julian.
Contributor(s):
Title : Nuns and Altarpieces: Agendas for Research [the author examines a group of late thirteenth-century paintings from Italian nunneries and a group of fourteenth-century convent altarpieces, mostly from Florence; he then considers the social, cultural, and physical conditions in which these artworks were created and viewed; he concludes by asking what kind of control did the nuns have over artworks that were commissioned through middlemen and, for that matter, did the nuns even see the altarpieces located beyond the grills required by "clausura"].

Source: Römisches Jahrbuch der Bibliotheca Hertziana , 30., ( 1995): Pages 27 - 57.
Year of Publication: 1995.

82. Record Number: 5669
Author(s): Von Teuffel, Christa Gardner.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Contract for Perugino's "Assumption of the Virgin" at Vallambrosa [between 1498 and 1500, Perugino was commissioned to paint the altarpiece for the monks at Vallambrosa by Don Biagio Milanesi, member of a wealthy family and general of the order; the Appendix presents five documents related to the painting, including the contract, further instructions, a subcontract, a record of payment, and excerpts from Don Biagio's brother's will, demonstrating the family's support of the Vallambrosan order].

Source: Burlington Magazine (Full Text via JSTOR) 137, 1106 (May 1995): 307-312. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1995.

83. Record Number: 2286
Author(s): Connor, Elizabeth, O.C.S.O.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Abbeys of Las Huelgas and Tart and Their Filiations

Source: Hidden Springs: Cistercian Monastic Women. Book One. Medieval Religious Women Volume Three. Edited by John A. Nichols and Lillian Thomas Shank, O.S.C.O Cistercian Studies Series . Cistercian Publications, 1995. Anglo-Saxon England , 24., ( 1995): Pages 29 - 48.
Year of Publication: 1995.

84. Record Number: 9519
Author(s): Bruzelius, Caroline.
Contributor(s):
Title : Queen Sancia of Mallorca and the Convent Church of Sta. Chiara in Naples [The author argues that the convent church building significantly departs from previous models of architectural planning in the Poor Clare tradition. In part she attributes this to Queen Sancia's deep devotion to the original ideals of Francis which prompted her to found a double house and redesign the church layout so that the nuns could see the host while remaining unseen by the laity and the Friars. The queen also was reacting to ecclesiastical controversies in which her own relatives took leading roles as proponents of the Franciscan Spirituals against Pope John XXII. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome , 40., ( 1995): Pages 69 - 100.
Year of Publication: 1995.

85. Record Number: 444
Author(s): Huneycutt, Lois L.
Contributor(s):
Title : Intercession and the High- Medieval Queen: The Esther Topos [study of Queen Matilda, Consort of Henry I of England].

Source: Power of the Weak: Studies on Medieval Women. A selection of a papers presented at the annual conference of the Centre for Medieval Studies, University of Toronto, Feb. 1990. Edited by Jennifer Carpenter and Sally- Beth MacLean . University of Illinois Press, 1995. Anglo-Saxon England , 24., ( 1995): Pages 126 - 146.
Year of Publication: 1995.

86. Record Number: 1677
Author(s): Ciggaar, K.
Contributor(s):
Title : Theophano: An Empress Reconsidered [evaluates contemporary accounts of Theophano, both positive and negative ; among the latter is a German nun's vision of Theophano in purgatory and numerous complaints about her love of foreign luxury].

Source: The Empress Theophano: Byzantium and the West at the Turn of the First Millennium. Edited by Adelbert Davids . Cambridge University Press, 1995. Anglo-Saxon England , 24., ( 1995): Pages 49 - 63.
Year of Publication: 1995.

87. Record Number: 1685
Author(s): Zomer, Hiltje F. H.
Contributor(s):
Title : The So-Called Women's Gallery in the Medieval Church: An Import from Byzantium [argues that the galleries were a symbol of royal power, not a place for women to be kept separate during services ; the author traces the use of church galleries from Constantine the Great and Justinian to their introduction in Germany at the convent basilica of Gernrode, perhaps under the influence of Theophano, and in France at St. Remi, a victory church for the Capets].

88. Record Number: 2767
Author(s): Pohl-Resl, Brigitte.
Contributor(s):
Title : Vorsorge, Memoria und soziales Ereignis: Frauen als Schenkerinnen in den bayerischen und alemannischen Urkunden des 8. und 9. Jahrhunderts

Source: Mitteilungen des Instituts für österreichische Geschichtsforschung , 103., 40241 ( 1995): Pages 265 - 287.
Year of Publication: 1995.

89. Record Number: 1531
Author(s): Bienvenu, Jean-Marc.
Contributor(s):
Title : Henri II Plantegenêt et Fontevraud

Source: Cahiers de Civilization Médiévale , 37., ( 1994): Pages 25 - 32.
Year of Publication: 1994.

90. Record Number: 1532
Author(s): Lozinski, Jean Louise.
Contributor(s):
Title : Henri II, Aliénor d'Aquitane et la cathédrale de Poitiers

Source: Cahiers de Civilization Médiévale , 37., ( 1994): Pages 91 - 100.
Year of Publication: 1994.

91. Record Number: 1573
Author(s): Halpin, Patricia.
Contributor(s):
Title : Women Religious in Late Anglo-Saxon England [while nunneries declined in numbers, endowments, and influence during the post-reform period, evidence suggests that religious women, individually and in small groups, were affiliated informally with men's foundations].

Source: The Haskins Society Journal , 6., ( 1994): Pages 97 - 110.
Year of Publication: 1994.

92. Record Number: 5096
Author(s): Wemple, Suzanne Fonay.
Contributor(s):
Title : Couvents de femmes en Italie, de l' époque du Pape Grégoire le Grand aux environs de 900

Source: Les Religieuses dans le Cloître et dans le Monde des Origines à Nos Jours. Actes du Deuxième Colloque International de C.E.R.C.O.R. Poitiers, 29 septembre-2 octobre 1988. . Publications de l'Université de Sainte-Etienne, 1994. Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome , 40., ( 1995): Pages 73 - 90.
Year of Publication: 1994.

93. Record Number: 4391
Author(s): Feiss, Hugh, O.S.B.
Contributor(s):
Title : Consecrated to Christ, Nuns of This Church Community: The Benedictines of Notre-Dame de Saintes, 1047-1792 [the author maintains that the documents and other evidence present "the picture of a large, independent, and self-consciously feminine community, which played an important part in the economic and cultural life of its region and possesed the vitality to survive long periods of war and other hardships during the 750 years of its existence" (Page 270)].

Source: American Benedictine Review , 45., 3 (September 1994): Pages 269 - 302.
Year of Publication: 1994.

94. Record Number: 11659
Author(s): Teixeira, Madalena Braz.
Contributor(s):
Title : Portuguese Art Treasures, Medieval Women and Early Museum Collections [The author briefly explores the early history of art collecting in Portugal. Royal and noble women founded and supported monasteries with gifts of jewels, paintings, liturgical objects, and other artwork. Some of these treasures are still on view in museums and libraries in Portugal. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Museums and the Making of "Ourselves": The Role of Objects in National Identity. Edited by Flora E. S. Kaplan . Leicester University Press, 1994. American Benedictine Review , 45., 3 (September 1994): Pages 291 - 313.
Year of Publication: 1994.

95. Record Number: 5099
Author(s): Oudart, Hervé.
Contributor(s):
Title : Le Landais, un exemple original de vie religieuse féminine dans le diocèse de Bourges au début du XIIe siècle [The author examines a document, reproduced in the Appendix, in which two men grant land in the forest of Landais to a group of holy women who live as hermits].

Source: Les Religieuses dans le Cloître et dans le Monde des Origines à Nos Jours. Actes du Deuxième Colloque International de C.E.R.C.O.R. Poitiers, 29 septembre-2 octobre 1988. . Publications de l'Université de Sainte-Etienne, 1994. American Benedictine Review , 45., 3 (September 1994): Pages 125 - 129.
Year of Publication: 1994.

96. Record Number: 5094
Author(s): Gaillard, Michèle.
Contributor(s):
Title : Les Origines du monachisme féminin dans le nord et l'est de la Gaule (Fin VIe siècle - Début VIIIe siècle)

Source: Les Religieuses dans le Cloître et dans le Monde des Origines à Nos Jours. Actes du Deuxième Colloque International de C.E.R.C.O.R. Poitiers, 29 septembre-2 octobre 1988. . Publications de l'Université de Sainte-Etienne, 1994. American Benedictine Review , 45., 3 (September 1994): Pages 45 - 54.
Year of Publication: 1994.

97. Record Number: 8638
Author(s): Chauvin, Benoît.
Contributor(s):
Title : À propos des débuts de l'abbaye de Rieunette [The author writes a brief note about the founding of Rieunette, a women's Cistercian monastery in Ladern-sur-Lauquet in the département of Aude. He argues that the Reine mentioned in records is probably Reine de Castillon, the widow of Bernard de Castillon, whose family did a great deal for the religious houses in the area. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Cîteaux: Revue d'Histoire Cistercienne , 43., 40182 ( 1992): Pages 450 - 454.
Year of Publication: 1992.

98. Record Number: 10216
Author(s): Talbot, Alice-Mary.
Contributor(s):
Title : Empress Theodora Palaiologina, Wife of Michael VIII [The author argues that although Theodora was a dutiful wife who engaged in typical imperial activities, she spent her widowhood trying to distance herself from her husband. She had briefly acquiesced in her husband's acceptance of the Church of Rome. Perhaps in expiation, she devoted great efforts as a widow to female monastic endowments and charitable causes. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Dumbarton Oaks Papers (Full Text via JSTOR) 46 (1992): 295-303. Homo Byzantinus: Papers in Honor of Alexander Kazhdan. Link Info Reprinted in Women and Religious Life in Byzantium. By Alice-Mary Talbot. Variorum Collected Studies Series. Ashgate, 2001. Article 5.
Year of Publication: 1992.

99. Record Number: 14681
Author(s): Blockmans, Wim.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Devotion of a Lonely Duchess [The author briefly surveys the life of Margaret of York, concentrating on her involvement in politics, art patronage, charity in particular toward children, support of the church, and commissioning of manuscripts. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Margaret of York, Simon Marmion, and "The Visions of Tondal": Papers Delivered at a Symposium organized by the Department of Manuscripts of the J. Paul Getty Museum in Collaboration with the Huntington Library and Art Collections, June 21-24, 1990. Edited by Thomas Kren . J. Paul Getty Museum, 1992. Pages 29 - 46.
Year of Publication: 1992.

100. Record Number: 4712
Author(s): LoPrete, Kimberly.
Contributor(s):
Title : Adela of Blois and Ivo of Chartres: Piety, Politics, and the Peace in the Diocese of Chartres

Source: Anglo-Norman Studies , 14., ( 1991): Pages 131 - 152.
Year of Publication: 1991.

101. Record Number: 6460
Author(s): Nardi, Carlo.
Contributor(s):
Title : La "Leggenda riccardiana" di Santa Maria all' Impruneta: un anonimo oppositore del pievano Stefano alla fine del Trecento? [The image of Mary at Santa Maria all' Impruneta came to be attributed to Saint Luke; foundation of the shrine was dated by the "Leggenda" to the reign of Pope Urban II with an image created by a painter named "Luca;" the "Leggenda" gives an unusually accurate description of the image of the Virgin and Child, and it reuses earlier material in its discussion of the history of the shrine; the text also reflects the eventual displacement of other local patrons by the Buondelmonte family; the article concludes with three transcriptions from the "Storia di Santa Maria dell' Impruneta"].

Source: Archivio Storico Italiano , 149., ( 1991): Pages 503 - 551.
Year of Publication: 1991.

102. Record Number: 8486
Author(s): Guerrini, Paola.
Contributor(s):
Title : Il Bessarione a Grottaferrata: un'ipotesi sulla donazione dell'icona [Bessarion of Nicaea, while a cardinal resident in Rome, was commendatory abbot of the abbey at Grottaferrata. Among his donations to the abbey was an icon of the Virgin Mary painted in a Byzantine pictorial style. Although some elements of the painting are common to Rome in the Middle Ages, some elements, especially the inclusion of Saint Nilus in the triptych, are purely local to Grottaferrata. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Studi Medievali , 32., 2 (Dicembre 1991): Pages 807 - 814.
Year of Publication: 1991.

103. Record Number: 11214
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Why Found a Medieval Cistercian Nunnery? [Isabel de Aubigny, Countess of Arundel, was a noble-born English woman who established a Cistercian monastery in the thirteenth century. Isabel’s husband and many close relatives died when she was young, and she chose to remain a widow. After a series of additional family deaths, Isabel used the dowry she had been given by her father upon her marriage in order to establish a Cistercian nunnery. She had many motivations for founding the monastery: religious convictions (doing charity to benefit her soul in the afterlife), economic and political goals (disposing of estates), and social aspirations and responsibilities (maintaining family honor and increasing her social prestige). Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Medieval Prosopography , 12., 1 (Spring 1991): Pages 1 - 28.
Year of Publication: 1991.

104. Record Number: 8652
Author(s): Papi, Anna Benvenuti.
Contributor(s):
Title : Donne religiose nella Firenze del Due-Trecento [The calling of Florentine recluses was grounded in the hermit tradition, but their lives came to be regulated according to monastic norms. The hermit ideal was rural, but these women were urban. Communities of recluses could come into conflict with local ecclesiastical authorities, but they often had important lay patrons. Marginal women, including widows and ex-prostitutes, often found homes in communities of penitents. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: In castro poenitentiae: santità e società femminile nell’Italia medievali. Anna Benvenuti Papi . Herder, 1990. Studi Medievali , 32., 2 (Dicembre 1991): Pages 593 - 634. Originally printed as "Donne religiose nella Firenze del Due-Trecento: Appunti per una ricerca in corso," in Le mouvement confraternel au Moyen Âge: France, Suisse, Italie: Actes de la table ronde, Lausanne 9-11 mai 1985 (Droz, 1987). Pages 41-82.
Year of Publication: 1990.

105. Record Number: 28768
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Otto-Matilda Cross

Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Otto_Mathilden_Kreuz.jpg/250px-Otto_Mathilden_Kreuz.jpg
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106. Record Number:
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Dedication Stone of Ulm Cathedral

Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Ulm-Muenster-ReliefGrundsteinlegung-061209.jpg/250px-Ulm-Muenster-ReliefGrundsteinlegung-061209.jpg
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107. Record Number:
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Portrait of Princess Anicia Juliana

Source:
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108. Record Number:
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Empress Theodora and Retinue

Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Theodora_mosaik_ravenna.jpg/250px-Theodora_mosaik_ravenna.jpg
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109. Record Number:
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Patronage Letter for Fogdo Abbey

Source:
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110. Record Number: 31186
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : New Minster Liber Vitae: Dedication page showing King Cnut and Queen Emma

Source:
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111. Record Number: 32963
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Theodora episcopa, Praxedes, the Virgin Mary, and Pudentiana

Source:
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112. Record Number: 33957
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Abbess Hitda gives a codex to St. Walburga

Source:
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113. Record Number: 36277
Author(s):
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Title : Donor portraits of Margaret Blackburn and her husband Nicholas

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114. Record Number: 40331
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Title : Matilda of Canossa greeting Pope Paschal II

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115. Record Number: 43665
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Title : Madonna of Mercy with Foundlings

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116. Record Number: 45126
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Title : Frontispiece for the Rule of Saint Augustine and Constitutions of the Hospital of Notre Dame at Seclin

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