Feminae: Medieval Women and Gender Index

143 Record(s) Found in our database

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1. Record Number: 45045
Author(s): Vihervalli, Ulriika,
Contributor(s):
Title : Wartime Rape in Late Antiquity: Consecrated Virgins and Victim Bias in the Fifth-Century West

Source: Early Medieval Europe , 30., 1 ( 2022): Pages 3 - 19. Free to read online from Wiley Online Library: https://doi.org/10.1111/emed.12520
Year of Publication: 2022.

2. Record Number: 44766
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Llanthony Story #46: Gerard la Pucele responds chastely to Queen Eleanor of Aquitaine's appreciation of his beauty

Source: The Llanthony Stories: A Translation of the Narrationes aliquot fabulosae. Edited by David R. Winter . Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 2021. Early Medieval Europe , 30., 1 ( 2022): Pages 94 - 94.
Year of Publication: 2021.

3. Record Number: 44767
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Llanthony Story #47: Cleric chooses continence over life

Source: The Llanthony Stories: A Translation of the Edited by David R. Winter . Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 2021. Early Medieval Europe , 30., 1 ( 2022): Pages 94 - 94.
Year of Publication: 2021.

4. Record Number: 44622
Author(s): Makarios, , , Anne P. Alwis, and Constantine Akropolites,
Contributor(s):
Title : Narrating Martyrdom: Rewriting Late-Antique Virgin Martyrs in Byzantium

Source: Narrating Martyrdom: Rewriting Late-Antique Virgin Martyrs in Byzantium. Anne P. Alwis, translator Edited by Anne P. Alwis . Liverpool University Press, 2020. Early Medieval Europe , 30., 1 ( 2022): Pages 115 - 185. The book is available with a subscription from Liverpool University Press: https://www.liverpooluniversitypress.co.uk/doi/epdf/10.3828/9781789621556
Year of Publication: 2020.

5. Record Number: 45007
Author(s): Parker, Leah Pope,
Contributor(s):
Title : The Life of St. Margaret of Antioch (11th c.)

Source: Medieval Disability Sourcebook: Western Europe. Edited by Cameron Hunt McNabb . punctum books, 2020. Early Medieval Europe , 30., 1 ( 2022): Pages 210 - 219. Available open access from the JSTOR website: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv11hptcd.21
Year of Publication: 2020.

6. Record Number: 44387
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : The Roman Martyrs

Source: The Roman Martyrs: Introduction, Translations, and Commentary. Michael Lapidge, compiler . Oxford University Press, 2017. Early Medieval Europe , 30., 1 ( 2022): Pages 43 - 632. Available with a subscription from Oxford Scholarship Online: https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-roman-martyrs-9780198811367?q=michael%20lapidge&lang=en&cc=us
Year of Publication: 2017.

7. Record Number: 44422
Author(s): Hopkins, Lisa,
Contributor(s):
Title : Athelstan, the Virgin King

Source: From the Romans to the Normans on the English Renaissance Stage. Lisa Hopkins . Medieval Institute Publications, 2017. Early Medieval Europe , 30., 1 ( 2022): Pages 167 - 186. The essay is available open access from the Medieval Institute Press: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?filename=7&article=1002&context=mip_edam&type=additional
Year of Publication: 2017.

8. Record Number: 27566
Author(s): Higley, Sarah
Contributor(s):
Title : Dressing up the Nuns: The “Lingua ignota” and Hildegard of Bingen’s Clothing [The author analyzes the words that Hildegard invented for women’s clothing in the “Lingua ignota.” The abbess placed an emphasis on hierarchy and order, marking the special status of virgins. Higley connects this to the crowns and floor-length veils worn by Hildegard’s nuns on feast days. The canoness Tenxwind wrote Hildegard complaining about this practice as immodest. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Medieval Clothing and Textiles , 6., ( 2010): Pages 93 - 109.
Year of Publication: 2010.

9. Record Number: 28444
Author(s): Robinson, I. S.,
Contributor(s):
Title : Conversio and conversatio in the Life of Herluca of Epfach

Source: Medieval Italy, Medieval and Early Modern Women: Essays in Honour of Christine Meek. Edited by Conor Kostick . Four Courts Press, 2010. Medieval Clothing and Textiles , 6., ( 2010): Pages 172 - 194.
Year of Publication: 2010.

10. Record Number: 20621
Author(s): Turco, Iole
Contributor(s):
Title : Cristina di Markyate e la "mistica femminile" [Twelfth-century intellectuals doubted women's spiritual capacities, but the same period saw many women mystics gain recognition for their experience of God. Christina of Markyate was a visionary with her earliest visions tied to the defense of her virginity. Some are concerned with Christina's mystical marriage to Christ. Her experiences transcended the limits of the intellect through love. Title note supplies by Feminae.]

Source: Schede medievali , 44., ( 2006): Pages 127 - 147.
Year of Publication: 2006.

11. Record Number: 14648
Author(s): Golinelli, Paolo.
Contributor(s):
Title : La fanciulla giusquiamo: Un rito medievale di propiziazione della pioggia tra storia e antropologia [Magical practices intended to control rain are found documented in canon law at least as early as the eleventh-century Corrector of Burchard of Worms. Some of these rites involved employment of a naked virgin. Churchmen tried to substitute pious practices for these rites, compromising opposition to "superstition" in order to meet the needs of their flocks. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Chiesa, vita religiosa, societa nel Medioevo italiano: Studi offerti a Giuseppina De Sandre Gasparini. Edited by Mariaclara Rossi and Gian Maria Varanini . Herder, 2005. Schede medievali , 44., ( 2006): Pages 415 - 427.
Year of Publication: 2005.

12. Record Number: 10824
Author(s): Meli, Beatriz.
Contributor(s):
Title : Virginitas and "Auctoritas": Two Threads in the Fabric of Hildegard of Bingen's "Symphonia armonie celestium revelationum"

Source: The Voice of Silence: Women's Literacy in a Men's Church. Edited by Thérèse de Hemptinne and María Eugenia Góngora Medieval Church Studies . Brepols, 2004. Historical Reflections/ Reflexions historiques , 30., 1 (Spring 2004): Pages 47 - 55.
Year of Publication: 2004.

13. Record Number: 11060
Author(s): Cantarella, Glauco Maria.
Contributor(s):
Title : La verginita e Cluny [Cluniac monks valued not just chastity but virginity. The Virgin Mary was the model of this quality. The "Vita" of Abbot Maiolus of Cluny emphasized his virginity. Some lives of Cluniac abbots combined an emphasis on virginity with one on masculinity; others combined it with a focus on angelic asexuality. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Figure poetiche e figure teologiche nella mariologia dei secoli XI e XII: Atti del II Convegno Mariologico della Fondazione Ezio Franceschini con la collaborazione della Biblioteca Palatina di Parma, Parma, 19-20 maggio 2000. Edited by Clelia Maria Piastra and Francesco Santi . SISMEL, 2004. Historical Reflections/ Reflexions historiques , 30., 1 (Spring 2004): Pages 45 - 60.
Year of Publication: 2004.

14. Record Number: 14092
Author(s): Phillips, Kim M.
Contributor(s):
Title : Desiring Virgins: Maidens, Martyrs, and Femininity in Late Medieval England [The author explores the attractions of virgin martyr stories for young women in the audience. Phillips suggests that the treatment of sexual themes in these stories should be described as "parasexual" (borrowed from studies of Victorian bar maids), cases in which sexuality is acknowledged but is controlled. At the same time the young virgin martyrs are presented as beautiful, glamorous, and dressed in fashionable clothing; all of this was of prime interest to the young women in the audience. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Youth in the Middle Ages. Edited by P. J. P. Goldberg and Felicity Riddy . York Medieval Press in association with the Boydell Press, 2004. Schede medievali , 44., ( 2006): Pages 45 - 59.
Year of Publication: 2004.

15. Record Number: 14754
Author(s): Blanton, Virginia.
Contributor(s):
Title : King Anna's Daughters: Genealogical Narrative and Cult Formation in the "Liber Eliensis" [The "Liber Eliensis" written by twelfth century monks at Ely, created Wihtburg as another sister for Aethelthryth to underline her sanctity and importance by emphasizing virginity, royalty and holy kinship. These stories went beyond the monastery to local communities in East Anglia and appear in saints' lives and parish records as late as the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Historical Reflections/ Reflexions historiques , 30., 1 (Spring 2004): Pages 127 - 149.
Year of Publication: 2004.

16. Record Number: 11652
Author(s): Arnold, John H.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Labour of Continence: Masculinity and Clerical Virginity [The author looks at three narratives concerned in part with clerical chastity: "Jewel of the Church" by Gerald of Wales, Jacob of Voragine's "Golden Legend," and Caesarius of Heisterbach's "Dialogue on Miracles." Arnold identifies four different tropes in overcoming sexual temptations including divine intervention to remove the male saint's desire. In most cases though male chastity required vigilance and willpower because masculinity itself was flawed in its inclination toward temptation. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Medieval Virginities. Edited by Anke Bernau, Ruth Evans, and Sarah Salih . Religion and Culture in the Middle Ages series. University of Wales Press; University of Toronto Press, 2003. Historical Reflections/ Reflexions historiques , 30., 1 (Spring 2004): Pages 102 - 118.
Year of Publication: 2003.

17. Record Number: 11374
Author(s): Weston, Lisa.
Contributor(s):
Title : Queering Virginity [The author suggests that queer theory is helpful for teaching students about virginity. It allows virginity to be seen, not as simply unnatural or negation, but rather as a sensual and transgressive act that is better than marriage. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Medieval Feminist Forum , 36., (Fall 2003): Pages 22 - 24.
Year of Publication: 2003.

18. Record Number: 11657
Author(s): Müller, Matthias
Contributor(s):
Title : Saint, Witch, Man, Maid, or Whore?: Joan of Arc and Writing History [The author analyses English historians' accounts from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries about Joan of Arc's virginity. Bernau argues that their preoccupation signals larger concerns, not just about religious and political debates, but about the rhetoric of truth and representation in history. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

19. Record Number: 11658
Author(s): Wogan-Browne, Jocelyn.
Contributor(s):
Title : Virginity Now and Then: A Response to "Medieval Virginities" [The author comments on the essays in the collection with particular interest in how they extend the current scholarship on the concept and meanings of virginity in the Middle Ages. Wogan-Browne adds a short case study concerning her research into the understanding and representation of the hymen both in the Middle Ages and the present day. She relates these findings to recent cases of surgery to ensure virginity and genital mutilation. Title Note Supplied by Feminae.].

20. Record Number: 11651
Author(s): Phillips, Kim M.
Contributor(s):
Title : Four Virgins' Tales: Sex and Power in Medieval Law [The author examines four law cases in which virginity is at issue: a charge of rape, a payment for defloration, a fine for a peasant girl having sex, and a grant of property by a single woman "in my free power and virginity." Title note supplied by Feminae.].

21. Record Number: 11647
Author(s): Salih, Sarah, Anke Bernau and Ruth Evans
Contributor(s):
Title : Introduction: Virginities and Virginity Studies [The three editors of "Medieval Virginities" briefly outline the current state of thinking about virginity in the Middle Ages in terms of themes and methodologies including feminism, gender studies, symbolism, and the monstrous. They also summarize the findings of the eleven essay published in the "Medieval Virginities" collection. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

22. Record Number: 11654
Author(s): Hughes, Jonathan.
Contributor(s):
Title : Alchemy and the Exploration of Late Medieval Sexuality [The author explores the natural philosophic principles which, for physicians and alchemists, governed sexuality, conception, and masculinity. Case studies of Henry VI and Edward IV demonstrate ways in which alchemy was used to physic the King. The source of trouble was sometimes identified as a malevolent woman, a witch, or a supernatual threat like the half-serpent Melusine. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

23. Record Number: 11648
Author(s): Salih, Sarah.
Contributor(s):
Title : When is a Bosom Not a Bosom? Problems with "Erotic Mysticism" [The author addresses the issue of eroticism in medieval religion, in female mystics' texts, and in two saints' lives. Salih cogently analyzes current scholarly thinking, including differing interpretations from Caroline Walker Bynum and Nancy Partner. In short passages from the lives of Gilbert of Sempringham and Christina of Markyate, Salih points to instances in which the sexual and the religious were not discrete and separate. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Medieval Virginities. Edited by Anke Bernau, Ruth Evans, and Sarah Salih . Religion and Culture in the Middle Ages series. University of Wales Press; University of Toronto Press, 2003. Medieval Feminist Forum , 36., (Fall 2003): Pages 14 - 32. Abridged version published in Medieval Literature: Criticism and Debates. Edited by Holly A. Crocker and D. Vance Smith. Routledge, 2014. Pages 162-179.
Year of Publication: 2003.

24. Record Number: 11649
Author(s): Dor, Juliette.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Sheela-na-Gig: An Incongruous Sign of Sexual Purity? [The author argues for a complex reading of the sheela na gig statues, naked women displaying their vulvas. Dor contextualizes them with references to Celtic goddesses as well as the sovereignty myth in which the old hag turns into a beautiful maiden. In concluding the author suggests that medieval audiences might have had different reactions and that the sculptures lend themselves to multiple readings. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

25. Record Number: 11655
Author(s): Evans, Ruth.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Jew, the Host and the Virgin Martyr: Fantasies of the Sentient Body [The author takes a late thirteenth century account of host desecration in Paris and explicates it with reference to Middle English virgin martyr stories. Evans argues that cultural meanings of anti-semitism and the body inform these narratives and define the values that matter. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

26. Record Number: 10558
Author(s): Field, Sean.
Contributor(s):
Title : Gilbert of Tournai's Letter to Isabelle of France: An Edition of the Complete Text [The author works from a recently discovered manuscript of the letter that the Franciscan preacher wrote to the daughter of King Louis VIII. Writing on his own initiative, Gilbert offered much of the standard spiritual advice to the religiously inclined princess. However, he also included a sophisticated section on spiritual ascent based on Pseudo-Dionysius. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Mediaeval Studies , 65., ( 2003): Pages 57 - 97.
Year of Publication: 2003.

27. Record Number: 11650
Author(s): Cartwright, Jane.
Contributor(s):
Title : Virginity and Chastity Tests in Medieval Welsh Prose [The author examines a range of literary texts including the "Fourth Branch of Mabinogi," Welsh law codes, Arthurian tales, and medical texts. In many instances the texts present a false virgin who is revealed through magical or medical texts. She is then often subjected to public humiliation as is the cuckolded husband. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

28. Record Number: 11653
Author(s): Huntington, Joanna.
Contributor(s):
Title : Edward the Celibate, Edward the Saint: Virginity in the Construction of Edward the Confessor [The author analyzes three Latin "Lives" of the saintly king: the anonymous "Vita," Osbert of Clare's "Vita beati Eadwardi regis Anglorum," and Aelred of Rievaulx's "Vita S. Edwardi regis et confessoris." The king's virginity is presented differently in each text with Osbert mostly concerned in terms of the incorruptible virginal body, while Aelred portrays him as a living virgin king. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

29. Record Number: 6637
Author(s): Riches, Samantha J. E.
Contributor(s):
Title : St. George as a Male Virgin Martyr [the author argues that Saint George's representation borrowed from the female virgin martyrs to establish his virginity as a third gender; stories and images also emphasized his chastity by his connection to the Virgin Mary and his defeat of sexualized dragons].

Source: Gender and Holiness: Men, Women, and Saints in Late Medieval Europe. Edited by Samantha J. E. Riches and Sarah Salih . Routledge, 2002. Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion , 18., 1 (Spring 2002): Pages 65 - 85.
Year of Publication: 2002.

30. Record Number: 7349
Author(s): Gasparini, Giuseppina De Sandre.
Contributor(s):
Title : Isotta Nogarola umanista, monaca domestica e pellegrina al Giubileo (1450) [Isotta Nogarola, a Veronese humanist, visited Rome during the Jubilee Year 1450 and delivered a discourse before Pope Nicholas V. At home, Isotta combined a nun-like religious life with the study of letters. In her Jubilee pilgrimage and her writings, Isotta revealed a conservative approach to the church and especially to the papacy. This is rooted in her elite upbringing in Verona.].

Source: I percorsi della fede e l'esperienza della carità nel Veneto medioevale: atti del convegno, Castello di Monselice, 28 maggio 2000. Edited by Antonio Rigon . Il poligrafo, 2002. Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion , 18., 1 (Spring 2002): Pages 133 - 154.
Year of Publication: 2002.

31. Record Number: 8088
Author(s): Stanton, Robert.
Contributor(s):
Title : Marriage, Socialization, and Domestic Violence in the "Life of Christina of Markyate" [The author emphasizes the social dimensions of the "Life" and argues that the monk/author was critical of the social acculturation required for the nobility. Stanton also argues that previous authors downplayed the violence her parents and fiancé do to Christina. Another important aspect of the "Life" is the pivotal moment it represents in the transformation of marriage when consent of both partners becomes more important. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Domestic Violence in Medieval Texts. Edited by Eve Salisbury, Georgiana Donavin, and Merrall Llewelyn Price . University Press of Florida, 2002. Mediaeval Studies , 65., ( 2003): Pages 242 - 271.
Year of Publication: 2002.

32. Record Number: 8307
Author(s): Gaunt, Simon.
Contributor(s):
Title : Widows, Consecrated Virgins, and Deaconesses in Ancient Gaul [The author argues that the tradition of female ministries in which women served the Church in official capacities took various forms in Gaul including deaconesses, blessed virgins, and chaste widows. All of these women were celibate but took part in the life of the Church and did not live in monasteries. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Magistra , 8., 1 (Summer 2002): Pages 53 - 84.
Year of Publication: 2002.

33. Record Number: 6635
Author(s): Warren, Ann K.
Contributor(s):
Title : Virginal Effects: Text and Identity in "Ancrene Wisse" [The author argues that the anchoritic construction of virginity is mainly dependent on language which makes visible an "inner" core].

Source: Gender and Holiness: Men, Women, and Saints in Late Medieval Europe. Edited by Samantha J. E. Riches and Sarah Salih . Routledge, 2002. Magistra , 8., 1 (Summer 2002): Pages 36 - 48.
Year of Publication: 2002.

34. Record Number: 8851
Author(s): Blanton-Whetsell, Virginia.
Contributor(s):
Title : Imagines Aetheldredae: Mapping Hagiographic Representations of Abbatial Power and Religious Patronage [The author studies the veneration of Saint Æthelthryth (or Etheldreda) in England across the Middle Ages and across both lay and religious audiences. She argues that scholars frequently divide the evidence of a saint's cult along academic disciplinary lines. They thereby miss evidence that is crucial for their understanding of a saint and those who honored her. Appendix A is an extensive inventory of representations, texts, and buildings concerning or devoted to Saint Ethelreda. Known origins are also indicated. Appendix B is a chart that tabulates the data in Appendix A. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Studies in Iconography , 23., ( 2002): Pages 55 - 107.
Year of Publication: 2002.

35. Record Number: 8727
Author(s): Jussen, Bernhard.
Contributor(s):
Title : Virgins- Widows- Spouses: On the Language of Moral Distinction as Applied to Women and Men in the Middle Ages

Source: History of the Family , 7., 1 ( 2002): Pages 13 - 32.
Year of Publication: 2002.

36. Record Number: 10861
Author(s): Hennequinn, M. Wendy.
Contributor(s):
Title : Not Quite One of the Guys: Pantysyllya as Virgin Warrior in Lydgate's "Troy Book" [The author argues that Lydgate represents Penthesilea with a mixture of manly and womanly characteristics, thus having her fall into the more flexible gender of the virgin. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Medieval Feminist Forum , 34., (Fall 2002): Pages 8 - 24.
Year of Publication: 2002.

37. Record Number: 7133
Author(s): Salih, Sarah.
Contributor(s):
Title : Queering "Sponsalia Christi": Virginity, Gender, and Desire in the Early Middle English Anchoritic Texts [The author examines virginity, in particular the image of the bride of Christ, in the Katherine Group and "Wohunge of Ure Lauerd." She argues that the sexualization in the text does not imply heterosexualization but an eroticism that emphasizes likeness, sometimes both masculine with images of power and sometimes both feminine with images of beauty. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: New Medieval Literatures , 5., ( 2002): Pages 155 - 175.
Year of Publication: 2002.

38. Record Number: 6638
Author(s): Lewis, Katherine J.
Contributor(s):
Title : Becoming a Virgin King: Richard II and Edward the Confessor [the author argues that Richard's devotion to Edward the Confessor was part of his effort to deal with anxieties concerning his childlessness and status as the king; the Wilton Diptych expresses his unique identity as a chaste virgin with the implication that it required a special strength and holiness].

Source: Gender and Holiness: Men, Women, and Saints in Late Medieval Europe. Edited by Samantha J. E. Riches and Sarah Salih . Routledge, 2002. New Medieval Literatures , 5., ( 2002): Pages 86 - 100.
Year of Publication: 2002.

39. Record Number: 6211
Author(s): Franc, Catherine.
Contributor(s):
Title : Beastly pagan men and Christian virgin martyrs: rape in Anglo-Latin and Anglo-Saxon hagiography

Source: Seeing Gender: Perspectives on Medieval Gender and Sexuality. Gender and Medieval Studies Conference, King's College, London, January 4-6, 2002. . 2002. New Medieval Literatures , 5., ( 2002):
Year of Publication: 2002.

40. Record Number: 7817
Author(s): Clark, Anne L.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Priesthood of the Virgin Mary: Gender Trouble in the Twelfth Century [The author examines the writings of Hildegard of Bingen and Elisabeth of Schönau and the representation of Mary on the silver eucharistic chalice from Cologne. Though Mary is shown with her hands raised in prayer, her association with other male figures on the chalice suggests an affirmation of male priestly prerogatives. Hildegard and Elisabeth emphasize their visions and virginity, not to argue for the ordination of women, but to indicate the roles they and other religious women played in the church. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion , 18., 1 (Spring 2002): Pages 5 - 24.
Year of Publication: 2002.

41. Record Number: 6717
Author(s): Power, Kim E.
Contributor(s):
Title : From Ecclesiology to Mariology: Patristic Traces and Innovation in the "Speculum virginum"

Source: Listen, Daughter: The "Speculum virginum" and the Formation of Religious Women in the Middle Ages. Edited by Constant J. Mews . The New Middle Ages Series. Palgrave, 2001. Magistra , 7., 2 (Winter 2001): Pages 85 - 110.
Year of Publication: 2001.

42. Record Number: 6722
Author(s): Bos, Elisabeth.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Literature of Spiritual Formation for Women in France and England, 1080-1180 [The author draws on letters written by such notable ecclesiastics as Peter the Venerable, Anselm, and Bernard of Clairvaux to nuns and to secular women, offering them advice on their spiritual problems].

43. Record Number: 6714
Author(s): Mews, Constant J.
Contributor(s):
Title : Virginity, Theology, and Pedagogy in the "Speculum Virginum"

Source: Listen, Daughter: The "Speculum virginum" and the Formation of Religious Women in the Middle Ages. Edited by Constant J. Mews . The New Middle Ages Series. Palgrave, 2001. Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion , 18., 1 (Spring 2002): Pages 15 - 40.
Year of Publication: 2001.

44. Record Number: 5886
Author(s): Trenchard-Smith, Margaret.
Contributor(s):
Title : Status strictus: Hysteria, Virginity, and the Byzantine Medical Encyclopedists of the Sixth and Seventh Centuries [The author analyzes the writings of Aëtius of Amida and Paulus Aegineta who borrowed from Galen and the second-century Soranus of Ephesus; thereby they rejected the ideas of the wandering womb and the likelihood that virginity would cause hysterical suff

Source: Byzantine Studies Conference. Abstracts of Papers , 27., ( 2001): Pages 17
Year of Publication: 2001.

45. Record Number: 6084
Author(s): Laity, K. A.
Contributor(s):
Title : False Positives: The "Katherine Group" Saints as Ambiguous Role Models [The author argues that the writer of the saints' lives in the "Katherine Group" emphasized torture and physical pain in order to instill fear in the young religious women who made up the text's audience].

Source: Magistra , 7., 2 (Winter 2001): Pages 64 - 99.
Year of Publication: 2001.

46. Record Number: 5461
Author(s): Whitehead, Christiania.
Contributor(s):
Title : A Fortress and a Shield: The Representation of the Virgin in the "Château d'amour" of Robert Grosseteste

Source: Writing Religious Women: Female Spiritual and Textual Practices in Late Medieval England. Edited by Denis Renevey and Christiania Whitehead . University of Toronto Press, 2000. Gender and History , 12., 1 (April 2000): Pages 109 - 132.
Year of Publication: 2000.

47. Record Number: 5462
Author(s): Boklund-Lagopoulou, Karin.
Contributor(s):
Title : Yate of Heven: Conceptions of the Female Body in the Religious Lyrics [The author explores a variety of images including Jesus as nourishing mother, the soul as the bride of Christ, the body as the site of decay and corruption, and the closed, virginal body].

Source: Writing Religious Women: Female Spiritual and Textual Practices in Late Medieval England. Edited by Denis Renevey and Christiania Whitehead . University of Toronto Press, 2000. Magistra , 7., 2 (Winter 2001): Pages 133 - 154.
Year of Publication: 2000.

48. Record Number: 8327
Author(s): Jansen, Katherine L.
Contributor(s):
Title : Like a Virgin: The Meaning of the Magdalen for Female Penitents of Later Medieval Italy [The author argues that the image of Mary Magdalene as a sinner restored to virginity through penance held special meaning for uncloistered religious women. These penitent women, frequently widows, sought the full rewards of virgins in paradise. Among the

Source: Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome , 45., ( 2000): Pages 131 - 152.
Year of Publication: 2000.

49. Record Number: 5463
Author(s): Fanous, Samuel.
Contributor(s):
Title : Measuring the Pilgrim's Progress: Internal Emphases in "The Book of Margery Kempe" [The author argues that Margery's amanuensis used specific time and place references to mark significant events in Margery's spiritual life; this follows the model established by saints' lives].

Source: Writing Religious Women: Female Spiritual and Textual Practices in Late Medieval England. Edited by Denis Renevey and Christiania Whitehead . University of Toronto Press, 2000. Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome , 45., ( 2000): Pages 157 - 176.
Year of Publication: 2000.

50. Record Number: 5464
Author(s): Yoshikawa, Naoë Kukita.
Contributor(s):
Title : Veneration of Virgin Martyrs in Margery Kempe's Meditation: Influence of the Sarum Liturgy and Hagiography

Source: Writing Religious Women: Female Spiritual and Textual Practices in Late Medieval England. Edited by Denis Renevey and Christiania Whitehead . University of Toronto Press, 2000. Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome , 45., ( 2000): Pages 177 - 195.
Year of Publication: 2000.

51. Record Number: 4469
Author(s): Phillips, Kim M.
Contributor(s):
Title : Written on the Body: Reading Rape from the Twelfth to Fifteenth Centuries [the author argues that English law and legal treatises give evidence of three phases over time in the understanding of rape: 1) The raped body as bleeding and violently assaulted 2) Rape as the violation of virginity 3) The raped body as absent, a body that has been feloniously abducted].

Source: Medieval Women and the Law. Edited by Noël James Menuge . Boydell Press, 2000. Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome , 45., ( 2000): Pages 125 - 144.
Year of Publication: 2000.

52. Record Number: 5470
Author(s): Jackson, Peter.
Contributor(s):
Title : Aelfric and the Purpose of Christian Marriage: A Reconsideration of the "Life of Aethelthryth," Lines 120- 30 [The author argues that Aelfric adds a story from the "Historia monachorum in Aegypto" to the "Life of Aethelthryth" because he is uneasy about the saint's unilateral refusal of sex in marriage; by adding the exemplum about a man and his wife who have three sons and then agree to live together while abstaining from sex, Aelfric is able to reassert the Augustinian ideal of a Christian marriage].

Source: Anglo-Saxon England , 29., ( 2000): Pages 235 - 260.
Year of Publication: 2000.

53. Record Number: 15185
Author(s): Cubitt, Catherine.
Contributor(s):
Title : Virginity and Misogyny in Tenth- and Eleventh-Century England

Source: Gender and History , 12., 1 (April 2000): Pages 1 - 32.
Year of Publication: 2000.

54. Record Number: 3720
Author(s): Krausmüller, Dirk.
Contributor(s):
Title : Divine Sex: Patriarch Methodios's Concept of Virginity

Source: Desire and Denial in Byzantium: Papers from the Thirty-First Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, University of Sussex, Brighton, March 1997. Edited by Liz James. Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies, Publications 6 . Variorum (Ashgate Publishing), 1999. Parergon: Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association for Medieval and Early Modern Studies, New Series , 16., 2 (January 1999): Pages 57 - 65.
Year of Publication: 1999.

55. Record Number: 4268
Author(s): Carlson, Cindy L. and Angela Jane Weisl
Contributor(s):
Title : Introduction: Constructions of Widowhood and Virginity [The authors explore the themes in the essays and argue that both widowhood and virginity carry multiple meanings in the Middle Ages].

Source: Constructions of Widowhood and Virginity in the Middle Ages. Edited by Cindy L. Carlson and Angela Jane Weisl . St. Martin's Press, 1999. Gender and History , 12., 1 (April 2000): Pages 1 - 21.
Year of Publication: 1999.

56. Record Number: 4708
Author(s): Phelpstead, Carl.
Contributor(s):
Title : Power Through Purity: The Virgin Martyrs and Women's Salvation in Pre-Reformation Scotland

Source: Women in Scotland c. 1100-c. 1750. Edited by Elizabeth Ewan and Maureen M. Meikle . Tuckwell Press, 1999. Gender and History , 12., 1 (April 2000): Pages 16 - 28.
Year of Publication: 1999.

57. Record Number: 4275
Author(s): Prior, Sandra Pierson.
Contributor(s):
Title : Virginity and Sacrifice in Chaucer's "Physician's Tale"

58. Record Number: 4271
Author(s): Otter, Monika.
Contributor(s):
Title : Closed Doors: An Epithalamium for Queen Edith, Widow and Virgin

59. Record Number: 4273
Author(s): Chewning, Susannah Mary.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Paradox of Virginity within the Anchoritic Tradition: The Masculine Gaze and the Feminine Body in the "Wohunge" Group

60. Record Number: 4277
Author(s): Roberts, Anna.
Contributor(s):
Title : Like a Virgin: Mary and Her Doubters in the N-Town Cycle

61. Record Number: 4269
Author(s): Roberts, Ann.
Contributor(s):
Title : Helpful Widows, Virgins in Distress: Women's Friendship in French Romance of the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries

62. Record Number: 3826
Author(s): Shoemaker, Stephen J.
Contributor(s):
Title : Let Us Go and Burn Her Body : The Image of the Jews in the Early Dormition Traditions

Source: Church History (Full Text via JSTOR) 68, 4 (Dec. 1999): 775-823. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1999.

63. Record Number: 4274
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Useful Virgins in Medieval Hagiography [among the virgin martyrs discussed are Thecla, Euphemia, Agnes, Agatha, and Lucy].

Source: Constructions of Widowhood and Virginity in the Middle Ages. Edited by Cindy L. Carlson and Angela Jane Weisl . St. Martin's Press, 1999. Pages 135 - 164.
Year of Publication: 1999.

64. Record Number: 4270
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : The Widow as Virgin: Desexualized Narrative in Christine de Pizan's "Livre de la cité des dames"

Source: Constructions of Widowhood and Virginity in the Middle Ages. Edited by Cindy L. Carlson and Angela Jane Weisl . St. Martin's Press, 1999. Pages 49 - 62.
Year of Publication: 1999.

65. Record Number: 3736
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : The "Vie Seinte Osith": Hagiography and Politics in Anglo-Norman England [The author argues that Saint Osyth acts in a system in which lordship is the model; her canons can expect protection and maintenance in return for loyal service].

Source: Studies in Philology , 96., 4 (Fall 1999): Pages 367 - 393.
Year of Publication: 1999.

66. Record Number: 7362
Author(s): Helvétius, Anne-Marie
Contributor(s):
Title : Virgo et Virago: Réflexions sur le pouvoir du voile consacré d'après les sources hagiographiques de la Gaule du nord [The author examines the kinds of power that women acquired by becoming nuns. She argues that virginity and, even more, virility (an egalitarian, unisex ideal in which consecrated women became honorary men) gave religious women a special importance. However, in terms of the power available to every nun, it was essentially confined to the cultural area of learning and to the command of laymen of lower status. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Femmes et pouvoirs des femmes à Byzance et en Occident (VIe -XIe siècles). Colloque international organisé les 28, 29 et 30 mars 1996 à Bruxelles et Villeneuve d'Ascq. Edited by Stéphane Lebecq, Alain Dierkens, Régine Le Jan, and Jean-Marie Sansterre . Centre de Recherche sur l'Histoire de l'Europe du Nord-Ouest, Université Charles de Gaulle-Lille 3, 1999. Studies in Philology , 96., 4 (Fall 1999): Pages 189 - 203.
Year of Publication: 1999.

67. Record Number: 4022
Author(s): Phillips, Kim M.
Contributor(s):
Title : Maidenhood as the Perfect Age of Woman's Life [The author explores the idea of what was the ideal age for women, drawing evidence from the "Pearl," stories of the virgin martyrs, and representations of the Virgin Mary during the Assumption and the Coronation].

Source: Young Medieval Women. Edited by Katherine J. Lewis, Noel James Menuge, and Kim M. Phillips . St. Martin's Press, 1999. Studies in Philology , 96., 4 (Fall 1999): Pages 1 - 24.
Year of Publication: 1999.

68. Record Number: 4272
Author(s): Salih, Sarah.
Contributor(s):
Title : Performing Virginity: Sex and Violence in the "Katherine" Group

Source: Constructions of Widowhood and Virginity in the Middle Ages. Edited by Cindy L. Carlson and Angela Jane Weisl . St. Martin's Press, 1999. Studies in Philology , 96., 4 (Fall 1999): Pages 95 - 112.
Year of Publication: 1999.

69. Record Number: 5047
Author(s): McAvoy, Liz Herbert.
Contributor(s):
Title : Spiritual Virgin to Virgin Mother: The Confessions of Margery Kempe [The author argues that Margery's struggle to relinquish her sexuality and motherhood paradoxically gives her models for framing her spirituality].

Source: Parergon: Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association for Medieval and Early Modern Studies, New Series , 17., 1 (July 1999): Pages 9 - 44.
Year of Publication: 1999.

70. Record Number: 4024
Author(s): Chamberlayne, Joanna L.
Contributor(s):
Title : Crowns and Virgins: Queenmaking During the Wars of the Roses [the author analyzes the roles of the English queen: to be beautiful, chaste, and noble; to complement the king's actions with mercy and peacemaking; and to provide heirs while retaining a quasi-virginal state; the author looks at the case of Elizabeth Woodville who had been twice married, a violation of the longstanding practice that kings married virgins.]

Source: Young Medieval Women. Edited by Katherine J. Lewis, Noel James Menuge, and Kim M. Phillips . St. Martin's Press, 1999. Parergon: Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association for Medieval and Early Modern Studies, New Series , 17., 1 (July 1999): Pages 47 - 68.
Year of Publication: 1999.

71. Record Number: 5043
Author(s): Pulsiano, Phillip.
Contributor(s):
Title : Blessed Bodies: The "Vitae" of Anglo-Saxon Female Saints ["More specifically, I am interested in reading these "vitae" as gendered texts, wherein are inscribed perceptions of the female religious that mark the narratives as requiring from reader and compositor alike the appropriation and also construction of sets of conventions different from those of male "vitae" and centered, most prominently, on chastity and, by implication, on the woman's body as source of sanctity and power but also as the locus of sexuality and violence, whether in the form of enforced marriage, attempted rape, psychological persecution, physical torture, murder, or self-mutilation." (Pages 11-12)].

Source: Parergon: Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association for Medieval and Early Modern Studies, New Series , 16., 2 (January 1999): Pages 1 - 42.
Year of Publication: 1999.

72. Record Number: 5588
Author(s): Weston, L. M. C.
Contributor(s):
Title : Gender Without Sexuality: Hrotsvitha's Imagining of a Chaste Female Community

Source: The community, the family, and the saint: patterns of power in early medieval Europe: selected proceedings of the International Medieval Congress, University of Leeds, 4-7 July 1994, 10-13 July 1995. Edited by Joyce Hill and Mary Swan International Medieval Research . Brepols, 1998. Anglo-Saxon England , 27., ( 1998): Pages 127 - 142.
Year of Publication: 1998.

73. Record Number: 7170
Author(s): Lazzari, Loredana.
Contributor(s):
Title : Regine, badesse, sante: il contributo della donna anglosassone all'evangelizzazione (secc. VII e VIII) [Anglo-Saxon women inherited a peacemaking role from their Germanic ancestors while adding a new responsibility for spreading the gospel. Well-born Anglo-Saxon nuns might become abbesses, even of double houses. Holy nuns feature prominently in Anglo-Saxon hagiography, and Aldhelm wrote on virginity for nuns. Later generations of nuns were more thoroughly subjected to male authority. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Studi Medievali , 39., 2 (Dicembre 1998): Pages 601 - 632.
Year of Publication: 1998.

74. Record Number: 4294
Author(s): Bumpass, Kathryn L.
Contributor(s):
Title : A Musical Reading of Hildegard's Responsory "Spiritui Sancto"

Source: Hildegard of Bingen: A book of Essays. Edited by Maud Burnett McInerney . Garland Publishing, 1998. Parergon: Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association for Medieval and Early Modern Studies, New Series , 16., 2 (January 1999): Pages 155 - 173.
Year of Publication: 1998.

75. Record Number: 4293
Author(s): McInerney, Maud Burnett.
Contributor(s):
Title : Like a Virgin: The Problem of Male Virginity in the "Symphonia" [The author argues that Hildegard regarded the virginal as female; for male saints to participate in virginity, they had to be transformed].

76. Record Number: 5346
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Heo Man Ne Waes: Cross-Dressing, Sex-Change, and Womanhood in Aelfric's Life of Eugenia [The author compares Alefric's version with the "Vitae patrum" text, arguing that Aelfric emphasizes the renunciation of the material world while virginity is not his primary concern].

Source: Mediaevalia , 22., 1 ( 1998): Pages 113 - 131. Published by the Center for Medieval and Early Renaissance Studies, State University of New York at Binghamton
Year of Publication: 1998.

77. Record Number: 6645
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Aldhelm's De virginitate - Patristic Pastiche or Innovative Exposition?

Source: Peritia: Journal of the Medieval Academy of Ireland , 12., ( 1998): Pages 271 - 295.
Year of Publication: 1998.

78. Record Number: 3333
Author(s): Koutava-Delivoria, Barbara.
Contributor(s):
Title : Figures féminines dans la littérature mariale (XIIe- XIlIe siècles) [The author analyses three stories from Gautier de Coinci's "Miracles de Nostre Dame: the Empress, Saint Leocadie, and the Young Girl from Arras].

Source: Moyen Age , 104., 40241 ( 1998): Pages 435 - 459.
Year of Publication: 1998.

79. Record Number: 3985
Author(s): Van Engen, John.
Contributor(s):
Title : Abbess: 'Mother and Teacher' [The author analyzes the many roles that Hildegard of Bingen played as abbess].

Source: Voice of the Living Light: Hildegard of Bingen and Her World. Edited by Barbara Newman . University of California Press, 1998. Moyen Age , 104., 40241 ( 1998): Pages 30 - 51.
Year of Publication: 1998.

80. Record Number: 3564
Author(s): Weed, Stanley E.
Contributor(s):
Title : My Sister, Bride, and Mother: Aspects of Female Piety in Some Images of the "Virgo Inter Virgines" [The author argues that art representing the Virgin among virgins carried multiple layers of symbolism; the art work examined was produced for an audience of nuns].

Source: Magistra , 4., 1 (Summer 1998): Pages 3 - 26.
Year of Publication: 1998.

81. Record Number: 3702
Author(s): Gwara, Scott.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Transmission of the "Digby" Corpus of Bilingual Glosses to Aldhelm's "Prosa de virginitate

Source: Anglo-Saxon England , 27., ( 1998): Pages 139 - 168.
Year of Publication: 1998.

82. Record Number: 2806
Author(s): Wolf, Kirsten.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Severed Breast: A Topos in the Legends of Female Virgin Martyr Saints [argues that the severing of virgins' breasts is a way of turning the corporeal into the spiritual, so that the virgins can have a spiritual union with God; the study relies primarily on Old Norse-Icelandic Saints' lives].

Source: Arkiv för nordisk filologi , 112., ( 1997): Pages 97 - 112.
Year of Publication: 1997.

83. Record Number: 3362
Author(s): Delierneux, N.
Contributor(s):
Title : Virilité physique et sainteté feminine dans l'hagiographie orientale du IVe au VIIe siècle [Saints' lives used include those of Mary the Egyptian, Anastasia, Apollinaria, Athanasia, Euphrosyne, Theodora of Alexandria, and Matrona].

Source: Byzantion , 67., 1 ( 1997): Pages 179 - 243.
Year of Publication: 1997.

84. Record Number: 4998
Author(s): Jenal, Georg.
Contributor(s):
Title : Il monachesimo femminile in Italia tra Tardo Anticho e Medioevo [Early Italian monasticism, modeled on Egyptian practices, had a predominant number of female ascetics. Many lived with their families, and communities only took shape gradually. Virgins ranked first; then widows; then married women vowed to continence. The numbers of ascetic women, compared to the number of monks, had declined by the time of Gregory the Great].

Source: Il monachesimo femminile in Italia dall' Alto Medioevo al secolo XVII a confronto con l' oggi. Edited by Gabriella Zarri . San Pietro in Cariano: Il Segno dei Gabrielli editori, 1997. Byzantion , 67., 1 ( 1997): Pages 17 - 39.
Year of Publication: 1997.

85. Record Number: 2907
Author(s): Otter, Monika.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Temptation of St. AEthelthryth

Source: Exemplaria: A Journal of Theory in Medieval and Renaissance Studies , 9., 1 (Spring 1997): Pages 139 - 163.
Year of Publication: 1997.

86. Record Number: 2467
Author(s): Raybin, David.
Contributor(s):
Title : Chaucer's Creation and Recreation of the "Lyf of Seynt Cecile" [concerns how Chaucer fit the translated saint's life into the profane context of the Cantrbury tales; compares the austere otherworldliness of Saint Cecilia with the more complex, spiritual views of the "Canon's Yeoman's Prologue" and "Tale" and other tales].

Source: Chaucer Review , 32., 2 ( 1997): Pages 196 - 212.
Year of Publication: 1997.

87. Record Number: 4830
Author(s): Rosser, Susan.
Contributor(s):
Title : Aethelthryth: A Conventional Saint? [the author argues that French hagiography had a strong influence on Anglo-Saxon expectations of holy women; she points out that there were a number of reasons that contributed to Aethlthryth's sainthood including her royal status, gifts to the Church, virginity, asceticism, support of her cult by her powerful family, ease with which her life fit earlier models, and the importance of native-born saints for the English Church].

Source: Bulletin of the John Rylands University Library of Manchester , 79., 3 (Autumn 1997): Pages 15 - 24.
Year of Publication: 1997.

88. Record Number: 2643
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Late Medieval Care and Control of Women: Jean Gerson and His Sisters [Gerson wrote a series of letters and treatises for his six sisters in which he outlined a life devoted to virginity and to prayer in the family home; he specifically told them not to join a religious house for women; texts by Gerson discussed in the article are: "Sept enseignements et autres extraits du Traité sur l'excellence de la virginité" (after 1395), "Neuf considerations" (late 1390s), "Montaigne de contemplation" (1399 or 1400), "Onze ordonnances" (after June 1401), and "Dialogue spirituel" (1407 or 1408)].

Source: Revue d'Histoire Ecclésiastique , 92., 1 (janvier-mars 1997): Pages 5 - 37.
Year of Publication: 1997.

89. Record Number: 2465
Author(s): Smith, Warren S.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Wife of Bath Debates Jerome [argues that the Wife of Bath takes a centrist position on marriage and cleverly refutes the extreme misogyny of Jerome's "Adversus Jovinianum" and the classical tradition of anti-woman diatribe upon which he draws].

Source: Chaucer Review , 32., 2 ( 1997): Pages 129 - 145.
Year of Publication: 1997.

90. Record Number: 2034
Author(s): Gwara, Scott.
Contributor(s):
Title : Further Old English Scratched Glosses and Merographs from Corpus Christi College, Cambridge MS 326 (Aldhelm's "Prosa de Virginitate") [includes an edition of the scratched glosses].

Source: English Studies , 78., 3 (May 1997): Pages 201 - 236.
Year of Publication: 1997.

91. Record Number: 3347
Author(s): O'Loughlin, Thomas.
Contributor(s):
Title : Marriage and Sexuality in the "Hibernensis"

Source: Peritia: Journal of the Medieval Academy of Ireland , 11., ( 1997): Pages 188 - 206.
Year of Publication: 1997.

92. Record Number: 2331
Author(s): Waterhouse, Ruth.
Contributor(s):
Title : Discourse and Hypersignification in Two of Aelfric's Saint's Lives [Aethelthryth (or Etheldreda) and Oswald; the author discusses differences in interpretation of the narrative among contemporaries of the saints, readers of Bede's version in the eighth century, Aelfric's version in the late tenth century, and a reading in the late twentieth century].

Source: Holy Men and Holy Women: Old English Prose Saints' Live and Their Contexts. Edited by Paul E. Szarmach . State University of New York Press, 1996. Medieval Life , 5., (Summer 1996): Pages 333 - 352.
Year of Publication: 1996.

93. Record Number: 9507
Author(s): Klein, Stacy S.
Contributor(s):
Title : Aelfric's Sources and His Gendered Audiences [Aelfric's "Life" of Judith was intended for two different audiences: nuns who needed encouragement toward chastity and the noble man Sigeweard and his warriors who were fighting the Vikings. Aelfric's message about chastity could profit warriors because uncontrolled sexual desire would lead men to dishonor. Klein argues that Aelfric's narrative reflects his anxieties both about female sexuality and men's sexual desires. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Essays in Medieval Studies , 13., ( 1996): Pages 111 - 119.
Year of Publication: 1996.

94. Record Number: 1386
Author(s): Brennan, Brian.
Contributor(s):
Title : Deathless Marriage and Spiritual Fecundity in Venantius Fortunatus's "De Virginitate" [written for Radegunde probably on the occasion of her "spiritual daughter's" installation as abbess; the text combines an "epithalamium" with a "consolatio" for women who neither married nor had children].

Source: Traditio , 51., ( 1996): Pages 73 - 97.
Year of Publication: 1996.

95. Record Number: 990
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Occurrences of Nuptial Imagery in Old English Hagiographical Texts

Source: English Language Notes , 33., 4 (June 1996): Pages 1 - 9.
Year of Publication: 1996.

96. Record Number: 1580
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Clothing and Gender Definition: Joan of Arc

Source: Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies , 26., 2 (Spring 1996): Pages 297 - 319. Special Issue: Historical Inquiries/ Psychoanalytic Criticism/ Gender Studies
Year of Publication: 1996.

97. Record Number: 2347
Author(s): Gulley, Alison.
Contributor(s):
Title : Icon or Subversive? : The Role of Aelfric's Virgin-Martyr Legends in Early English Society ["Lives" of Agatha, Agnes, Cecilia, Eugenia, and Lucy].

Source: Old English Newsletter , 29., 3 (Spring 1996):
Year of Publication: 1996.

98. Record Number: 1387
Author(s): Gwara, Scott.
Contributor(s):
Title : Drypoint Glossing in a Tenth-Century Manuscript of Aldhelm's Prose Treatise on Virginity [description and an edition of the new Old English glosses found in BL MS Royal 5 E. xi].

Source: Traditio , 51., ( 1996): Pages 99 - 145.
Year of Publication: 1996.

99. Record Number: 1753
Author(s): Phillips, Kim M.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Medieval Beauty Myth: An Aesthetics of Virginity [discusses the qualities that were most valued: slenderness, youth, virginity, and a meek and passive posture with a pulled-in chin and chest and a thrust-forward belly].

Source: Medieval Life , 5., (Summer 1996): Pages 10 - 13.
Year of Publication: 1996.

100. Record Number: 922
Author(s): Head, Pauline.
Contributor(s):
Title : Integritas in Rudolph of Fulda's "Vita Leobae Abbatissae"

Source: Parergon: Bulletin of the Australian and New Zealand Association for Medieval and Renaissance Studies. New Series , 13., 1 (July 1995): Pages 33 - 51.
Year of Publication: 1995.

101. Record Number: 260
Author(s): Filax, Elaine.
Contributor(s):
Title : Female Ideal: Chaucer's Second Nun

Source: Sovereign Lady: Essays on Women in Middle English Literature. Edited by Muriel Whitaker . Garland Publishing, 1995. Parergon: Bulletin of the Australian and New Zealand Association for Medieval and Renaissance Studies. New Series , 13., 1 (July 1995): Pages 133 - 156.
Year of Publication: 1995.

102. Record Number: 476
Author(s): Petrakopoulos, Anja.
Contributor(s):
Title : Sanctity and Motherhood: Elizabeth of Thuringia

Source: Sanctity and Motherhood: Essays on Holy Mothers in the Middle Ages. Edited by Anneke B. Mulder-Bakker Garland Medieval Casebooks, 14. Garland Publishing, 1995. Parergon: Bulletin of the Australian and New Zealand Association for Medieval and Renaissance Studies. New Series , 13., 1 (July 1995): Pages 259 - 296.
Year of Publication: 1995.

103. Record Number: 1129
Author(s): Oak, Ellen.
Contributor(s):
Title : She Who Is: Blessed Be She [Oak has recorded the songs of Hildegard of Bingen on "The Harmony of Heaven" and "Sounding the Living Light"; the article includes her translation of Hildegard's "Antiphon for the Dedication of a Church" and excerpts from her letter to Canoness Tengswith of Andernach].

Source: Magistra , 1., 1 (Summer 1995): Pages 116 - 121.
Year of Publication: 1995.

104. Record Number: 2822
Author(s): Lauwers, Michel.
Contributor(s):
Title : L'institution et le genre. À propos de l'accès des femmes au sacré dans l'Occident médiéval [traces the history of women forbidden access to the holy by the Church; studies the special cases of Beguines and other "mulieres religiosae" as well as female mystics; control by priests is maintained in all cases].

Source: CLIO, Histoire, Femmes et Sociétés , 2., ( 1995): Pages 279 - 317.
Year of Publication: 1995.

105. Record Number: 504
Author(s): Howe, Tankred.
Contributor(s):
Title : Flesh and Spirit in Cynewulf's "Juliana" [Second International Medieval Conference, University of Leeds, July 10-13, 1995. Session 106].

Source: Old English Newsletter , 28., 3 (Spring 1995):
Year of Publication: 1995.

106. Record Number: 1130
Author(s): McNamara, Jo Ann.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Nun of Watton [translation of Aelred's account of the nun who sleeps with a young monk and becomes pregnant; the other nuns castrate the guilty youth but when the foetus disappears they judge it to be a miracle and cease punishing the penitent nun].

Source: Magistra , 1., 1 (Summer 1995): Pages 122 - 137.
Year of Publication: 1995.

107. Record Number: 1192
Author(s): Feimer, Joel.
Contributor(s):
Title : Sexual Violence and the Female Reader: Symbolic "Rape" in the Saints' Lives of the Katherine Group [the martyred virgins Juliana, Margaret, and Katherine].

Source: Women's Studies , 24., 3 ( 1995): Pages 205 - 217. Special Issue: Issues in Medieval and Renaissance Scholarship
Year of Publication: 1995.

108. Record Number: 187
Author(s): Hunt, Lucy-Anne.
Contributor(s):
Title : Fine Incense of Virginity: A Late Twelfth Century Wallpainting of the Annuciation at the Monastery of the Syrians, Egypt

Source: Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies , 19., ( 1995): Pages 182 - 232.
Year of Publication: 1995.

109. Record Number: 431
Author(s): Spijker, Ineke van’t.
Contributor(s):
Title : Family Ties: Mothers and Virgins in the Ninth Century [saints Waudru de Mons, her sister, Aldegonde de Maubeuge, and Rictrude de Marchiennes].

Source: Sanctity and Motherhood: Essays on Holy Mothers in the Middle Ages. Edited by Anneke B. Mulder-Bakker Garland Medieval Casebooks, 14. Garland Publishing, 1995. Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies , 19., ( 1995): Pages 164 - 190.
Year of Publication: 1995.

110. Record Number: 442
Author(s): Wogan- Browne, Jocelyn.
Contributor(s):
Title : Rerouting the Dower: The Anglo- Norman Life of St. Audrey by Marie (of Chatteris?) [St. Audrey (Latin: Etheldreda) was a 7th century queen of Northumbria, a twice married virgin, and a monastic foundress].

Source: Power of the Weak: Studies on Medieval Women. A selection of a papers presented at the annual conference of the Centre for Medieval Studies, University of Toronto, Feb. 1990. Edited by Jennifer Carpenter and Sally- Beth MacLean . University of Illinois Press, 1995. Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies , 19., ( 1995): Pages 27 - 56.
Year of Publication: 1995.

111. Record Number: 266
Author(s): Betzig, Laura.
Contributor(s):
Title : Medieval Monogamy [polygynous mating and monogamous marriage - inheritance strategies and the influence of the Church].

Source: Journal of Family History , 20., 2 ( 1995): Pages 181 - 216.
Year of Publication: 1995.

112. Record Number: 102
Author(s): Bhattacharji, Santha.
Contributor(s):
Title : Pearl and the Liturgical Common of Virgins

Source: Medium Aevum , 64., 1 ( 1995): Pages 37 - 50.
Year of Publication: 1995.

113. Record Number: 1383
Author(s): Rusche, Philip G.
Contributor(s):
Title : Dry-Point Glosses to Aldhelm's "De laudibus virginitatis" in Beinecke 401 [includes an edition of the Old English glosses].

Source: Anglo-Saxon England , 23., ( 1994): Pages 195 - 213.
Year of Publication: 1994.

114. Record Number: 1765
Author(s): Semple, Benjamin.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Male Psyche and the Female Sacred Body in Marie de France and Christine de Pizan

Source: Yale French Studies (Full Text via JSTOR) 86 (1994): 164-186 Corps Mystique, Corps Sacré: Textual Transfigurations of the Body from the Middle Ages to the Seventeenth Century.Link Info
Year of Publication: 1994.

115. Record Number: 1554
Author(s): van der Vliet, J.
Contributor(s):
Title : Une Vierge de Daphné: Notes sur un thème apocalyptique [analysis of an episode in two Greek texts concerning the birth of the Antichrist; the Antichrist ,in the form of a small fish, is touched by an impure virgin, resulting in her pregnancy].

Source: Byzantion , 64., 2 ( 1994): Pages 377 - 390.
Year of Publication: 1994.

116. Record Number: 2695
Author(s): Gwara, Scott.
Contributor(s):
Title : Manuscripts of Aldhelm's "Prosa de Virginitate" and the Rise of Hermeneutic Literacy in Tenth-Century England [descriptions of several "Prosa de virginitate" manuscripts with a proposed textual transmission; the author suggests that Glastonbury and Canterbury were the Benedictine centers that produced the extensive glosses and were responsible for the Aldhelm revival in the tenth century].

Source: Studi Medievali , 35., 1 (Giugno 1994): Pages 101 - 159.
Year of Publication: 1994.

117. Record Number: 1840
Author(s): Esposito, Anna.
Contributor(s):
Title : Ad dotandum puellas virgines, pauperes et honestas: Social Needs and Confraternal Charity in Rome in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries

Source: Renaissance and Reformation/Renaissance et Réforme New Series , 18., 2 ( 1994): Pages 5 - 18.
Year of Publication: 1994.

118. Record Number: 5093
Author(s): Verdon, Jean.
Contributor(s):
Title : Le Monachisme féminin à l' époque mérovingienne: Le Témoignage de Grégoire de Tours

Source: Les Religieuses dans le Cloître et dans le Monde des Origines à Nos Jours. Actes du Deuxième Colloque International de C.E.R.C.O.R. Poitiers, 29 septembre-2 octobre 1988. . Publications de l'Université de Sainte-Etienne, 1994. Renaissance and Reformation/Renaissance et Réforme New Series , 18., 2 ( 1994): Pages 29 - 44.
Year of Publication: 1994.

119. Record Number: 8478
Author(s): Wogan-Browne, Jocelyn.
Contributor(s):
Title : Chaste Bodies: Frames and Experiences [The author explores the "Ancrene Wisse," arguing that it embodies an ideology of containment for women in its emphasis on the enclosed, chaste body. At the same time there are slips since the manuscript shows glimpses of a textual community and even of anchoresses living together. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Framing Medieval Bodies. Edited by Sarah Kay and Miri Rubin . Manchester University Press, 1994. Renaissance and Reformation/Renaissance et Réforme New Series , 18., 2 ( 1994): Pages 24 - 42.
Year of Publication: 1994.

120. Record Number: 2961
Author(s): Horner, Shari.
Contributor(s):
Title : Spiritual Truth and Sexual Violence: The Old English "Juliana," Anglo-Saxon Nuns, and the Discourse of Female Monastic Enclosure [analyzes the text in light of female monastic chastity and the threat of rape and violence].

Source: Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society (Full Text via JSTOR) 19, 3 (Spring 1994): 658-675. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1994.

121. Record Number: 11743
Author(s): Fell, Christine E.
Contributor(s):
Title : Saint Æðelþryð: A Historical-Hagiographical Dichotomy Revisited [The author examines Bede's account of St. Aethelthryth in his "Ecclesiastical History." He celebrates her as the closest English equivalent to a virgin martyr. Later accounts built a whole line of royal abbesses after Aethelthryth (beginning with her sister Seaxburh), but contemporary evidence suggests that Ely was only a personal monument to her particular asceticism. It was not a center of learning and probably faded soon after her sister's death only to be refounded as a male monastery which enhanced and capitalized on Aethelthryth's reputation for sanctity. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Nottingham Medieval Studies , 38., ( 1994): Pages 18 - 34.
Year of Publication: 1994.

122. Record Number: 1305
Author(s): Brundage, James A. and Elizabeth M. Makowski
Contributor(s):
Title : Enclosure of Nuns: The Decretal "Periculoso" and Its Commentators [Benedict's decretal required strict enclosure for all nuns, regardless of the rule under which they lived or their rank; the authors include a translation of "Periculoso" in an appendix, pages 154-155].

Source: Journal of Medieval History , 20., 2 (June 1994): Pages 143 - 155.
Year of Publication: 1994.

123. Record Number: 14350
Author(s): Fletcher, Alan J.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Dancing Virgins of "Hali Meiðdhad" [The author points out a passage in "Hali Meidenhad" in which the virgins in Heaven are described as dancing and singing. Fletcher suggests that they would have been performing a "carole en ronde" as in the "Roman de la Rose." Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Notes and Queries , 238., (December 1993): Pages 437 - 439.
Year of Publication: 1993.

124. Record Number: 9492
Author(s): Roy, Gopa.
Contributor(s):
Title : A virgin acts manfully: Ælfric's “Life of St. Eugenia” and the Latinversions [The article demonstrates that Ælfric’s Old English version of St. Eugenia’s “Life” is more sympathetic to women than its closest Latin source. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Leeds Studies in English , ( 1992): Pages 1 - 27.
Year of Publication: 1992.

125. Record Number: 10678
Author(s): Cleve, Gunnel.
Contributor(s):
Title : Margery Kempe: A Scandanavian Influence in Medieval England? [The author argues that both St. Bridget's life and her writings had a profound influence on Margery Kempe. As a married woman who was extremely anxious about her loss of virginity, Margery welcomes Saint Bridget as a model for her sanctity despite marriage and children. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Medieval Mystical Tradition in England: Exeter Symposium , 5., ( 1992): Pages 163 - 178.
Year of Publication: 1992.

126. Record Number: 10189
Author(s): Lensing, Irmgard.
Contributor(s):
Title : Virgin Martyrs and Vladimir Propp

Source: Old English Newsletter , 25., 3 (Spring 1992): Appendix A: Abstracts of Papers in Anglo-Saxon Studies. Conference paper presented at the Twenty-Seventh Congress on Medieval Studies, Western Michigan University, May 7-10, 1992, Tenth Symposium on the Sources of Anglo-Saxon Culture, Session 83: "Sources
Year of Publication: 1992.

127. Record Number: 10779
Author(s): Wimsatt, James I.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Wife of Bath, the Franklin, and the Rhetoric of St. Jerome [The author briefly explores the variety of viewpoints on virginity and marriage expressed by the Wife of Bath arguing against Jerome and the Franklin advocating a moderate response to Dorigen's solution of death or dishonor. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: A Wyf Ther Was: Essays in Honour of Paule Mertens-Fonck. Edited by Juliette Dor . English Department, University of Liège, 1992. Old English Newsletter , 25., 3 (Spring 1992): Pages 275 - 281.
Year of Publication: 1992.

128. Record Number: 10679
Author(s): Elliott, Dylan.
Contributor(s):
Title : Dress as Mediator Between Inner and Outer Self: The Pious Matron of the High and Later Middle ages [Clothing often served as a saint's way of signifying the discrepancy between her percieved social standing (according to secular values) and her own individual selfhood (one based on spiritual beliefs). For married female saints, clothing was an even more complex form of symbolism as it often thwarted the wife's expected subordination to her husband while also projecting an image of virginity which was at odds with a married social persona. During the later Middle Ages, clergy began to endorse efforts to restrict the clothing of laywomen in order to maintain husbands' supremacy over their pious wives. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Mediaeval Studies , 53., ( 1991): Pages 279 - 308.
Year of Publication: 1991.

129. Record Number: 11077
Author(s): Stanbury, Sarah.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Virgin’s Gaze: Spectacle and Transgression in Middle English Lyrics of the Passion [The article shows that the Virgin's dual role as spectacle and spectator in Middle English Passion lyrics transgresses cultural proscriptions of female gazing. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: PMLA: Publications of the Modern Language Association of America (Full Text via JSTOR) 106, 5 (May 1991): 1083-1093. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1991.

130. Record Number: 10690
Author(s): Kelley, Mary Jane.
Contributor(s):
Title : Virgins Misconceived: Poetic Voice in the Mozarabic "Kharjas" [The article attempts to determine the relationship between the female voices and the male poets of the Mozarabic kharjas. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Corónica , 19., 2 (Spring 1991): Pages 1 - 23.
Year of Publication: 1991.

131. Record Number: 11774
Author(s): Lastique, Esther and Helen Rodnite Lemay
Contributor(s):
Title : A Medieval Physician's Guide to Virginity [The essay includes the translation of a chapter which explains how to treat recently deflowered women, from De passionibus mulierum, a medieval Florentine physician’s guide. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Sex in the Middle Ages: A Book of Essays. Edited by Joyce E. Salisbury . Garland Publishing, 1991. Medieval Mystical Tradition in England: Exeter Symposium , 5., ( 1992): Pages 56 - 79.
Year of Publication: 1991.

132. Record Number: 6680
Author(s): Boureau, Alain.
Contributor(s):
Title : L'Imene e l'ulivo. La Verginità femminile nel discorso della chiesa nel XIII secolo [Christian theology emphasized the spiritual element in virginity, dedication to a chaste life, not purely physical integrity; by the thirteenth century this quality tended to be identified with celibate clergy and monastics; this development parallels the flourishing cult of the Virgin Mary, who pardoned sinners and shared human woes, offering a mediating presence; this intermediary role was further developed in the identification of Mary with the Church].

Source: Quaderni Storici , 3 (dicembre 1990): Pages 791 - 803.
Year of Publication: 1990.

133. Record Number: 12753
Author(s): Butler, Lawrence and James Graham-Campbell
Contributor(s):
Title : A Lost Reliquary Casket from Gwytherin, North Wales [The Church of Saint Winifrid at Gwytherin in North Wales once possessed a richly decorated casket containing the relics of the martyred virgin Saint Winifred (also known as Gwenfrewi or Winefride) of Wales. A drawing of the casket attributed to Edward Lluyd suggests that Winifred’s reliquary was probably produced in the eight or early ninth century and it was influenced by Anglo-Saxon and Irish decorative styles. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Antiquaries Journal , 70., 1 ( 1990): Pages 40 - 48.
Year of Publication: 1990.

134. Record Number: 12735
Author(s): Garland, Lynda.
Contributor(s):
Title : Be Amorous, But Be Chaste…’: Sexual morality in Byzantine learned and vernacular romance [Aristocratic Byzantine readers enjoyed romances, which often derived tales of love and adventure from Hellenstic or ancient Greek influences and traditions. From the twelfth century onwards, authors of romances in Greek often borrowed themes from ancient pagan texts including the idea of passionate erotic love, yet unlike Classical authors, Byzantine writers strictly presented marriage as the ultimate goal to which all characters strive. Despite threats to their chastity, these romances featured heroes and heroines who remain chaste until the wedding ceremony that ends the story. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies , 14., ( 1990): Pages 62 - 120.
Year of Publication: 1990.

135. Record Number: 28730
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Medal of Giulia Astallia (obverse)

Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Giancristoforo_romano_%28attr.%29,_giulia_astrallia,_1485_c.,_recto.JPG/250px-Giancristoforo_romano_%28attr.%29,_giulia_astrallia,_1485_c.,_recto.JPG
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136. Record Number: 28740
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Lady with a Unicorn

Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Lady_with_unicorn_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci.jpg
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137. Record Number: 28769
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Allegorical Harvesting Scene

Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Mittelrheinischer_Meister_des_13._Jahrhunderts_001.jpg/250px-Mittelrheinischer_Meister_des_13._Jahrhunderts_001.jpg
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138. Record Number:
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Procession of Virgin Martyrs

Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Meister_von_San_Apollinare_Nuovo_in_Ravenna_002.jpg/250px-Meister_von_San_Apollinare_Nuovo_in_Ravenna_002.jpg
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139. Record Number: 30951
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Medal of Cecilia Gonzaga (reverse)

Source:
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140. Record Number:
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Mary of Guelders in Hortus Conclusus

Source:
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141. Record Number: 31499
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Sea Monster

Source:
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142. Record Number: 31998
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : The Martyrdom of Saint Agatha, from the Weissenau Passional

Source:
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143. Record Number: 36069
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Cantiga 105 How the wicked bridegroom planned to do something and committed a shameful deed

Source:
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