Feminae: Medieval Women and Gender Index

72 Record(s) Found in our database

SEE ALSO: bride price dower

Search Results

1. Record Number: 45576
Author(s): Rapp, Claudia and Demetrios Chomatenos,
Contributor(s):
Title : Two Women Travel to Seek Legal Judgements

Source: Mobility and Migration in Byzantium: A Sourcebook. Edited by Claudia Rapp and Johannes Preiser-Kapeller . V&R unipress, Vienna University Press, 2023. Pages 409 - 410.
Year of Publication: 2023.

2. Record Number: 44515
Author(s): Solomon ibn Adret, Rabbi and Sarah Ifft Decker
Contributor(s):
Title : Rabbi Solomon ibn Adret, She'elot u-Teshuvot, VI.4: Responsum on Jewish Law, Dowry Restitution and Christian Courts

Source: Jewish Women in the Medieval World: 500-1500 CE. Sarah Ifft Decker. Edited by Sarah Ifft Decker, translator of Document 22 . Routledge, 2022. Pages 138 - 138.
Year of Publication: 2022.

3. Record Number: 44529
Author(s): Coppolis, Ivus de, , Julius Kirshner and Osvaldo Cavallar
Contributor(s):
Title : Adultery

Source: Jurists and Jurisprudence in Medieval Italy: Texts and Contexts. Edited by Osvaldo Cavallar and Julius Kirshner . University of Toronto Press, 2020. Pages 432 - 443. Available with a subscription from JSTOR: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3138/j.ctv179h1fw.32
and from De Gruyter: https://doi.org/10.3138/9781487536336-009
Year of Publication: 2020.

4. Record Number: 44535
Author(s): Kirshner, Julius and Osvaldo Cavallar
Contributor(s):
Title : Contracting Marriage in Late Medieval Florence

Source: Jurists and Jurisprudence in Medieval Italy: Texts and Contexts. Edited by Osvaldo Cavallar and Julius Kirshner . University of Toronto Press, 2020. Pages 676 - 686. Available with a subscription from JSTOR: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3138/j.ctv179h1fw.45
and from De Gruyter: https://doi.org/10.3138/9781487536336-011
Year of Publication: 2020.

5. Record Number: 44536
Author(s): Kirshner, Julius, Martinus Gosia, and Osvaldo Cavallar
Contributor(s):
Title : Dowries

Source: Jurists and Jurisprudence in Medieval Italy: Texts and Contexts. Edited by Osvaldo Cavallar and Julius Kirshner . University of Toronto Press, 2020. Pages 687 - 725. Available with a subscription from JSTOR: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3138/j.ctv179h1fw.46
and from De Gruyter: https://doi.org/10.3138/9781487536336-011
Year of Publication: 2020.

6. Record Number: 44539
Author(s): Ubaldis, Baldus de, Franciscus de Albergottis, , Julius Kirshner and Osvaldo Cavallar
Contributor(s):
Title : Remarriage of Widows and Conflicting Claims to the Dowry

Source: Jurists and Jurisprudence in Medieval Italy: Texts and Contexts. Edited by Osvaldo Cavallar and Julius Kirshner . University of Toronto Press, 2020. Pages 759 - 772. Available with a subscription from JSTOR: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3138/j.ctv179h1fw.49
and from De Gruyter: https://doi.org/10.3138/9781487536336-011
Year of Publication: 2020.

7. Record Number: 45794
Author(s): Cederbom, Charlotte
Contributor(s): Myers, Margaret, translator
Title : Dorothea, Queen (Dorothea av Brandenburg)

Source: Svenskt kvinnobiografiskt lexicon (Biographical Dictionary of Swedish Women). . 2020. Available open access from the Svenskt kvinnobiografiskt lexicon (Biographical Dictionary of Swedish Women): https://skbl.se/en/article/Dorotheadrottning0
Year of Publication: 2020.

8. Record Number: 25137
Author(s): Brizio, Elena
Contributor(s):
Title : In the Shadow of the Campo: Sienese Women and Their Families (c. 1400- 1600) [Although Siena issued statutes limiting women's agency, Sienese women found ways to exercise power over property to benefit their families and themselves. Women also served as executors of wills and guardians of minor children. Sienese women occasionally played political roles, especially when the men of the family were in exile. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Across the Religious Divide: Women, Property, and Law in the Wider Mediterranean (ca. 1300- 1800). Edited by Jutta Gisela Sperling and Shona Kelly Wray . Routledge, 2010. Pages 122 - 136.
Year of Publication: 2010.

9. Record Number: 28347
Author(s):
Contributor(s): Gallagher, Eric James, translator
Title : Agnes, who was the wife of Adam the son of Robert, claims against Waleran de Muncy… [Item 300 from the hundred of Blything concerns Agnes who pleads on her own behalf because her husband has been outlawed. She recovers land because it was part of her marriage portion (“maritagium”). Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: The Civil Pleas of the Suffolk Eyre of 1240. Edited by Eric James Gallagher Suffolk Records Society, 52. Boydell Press , 2009. Pages 53 - 53.
Year of Publication: 2009.

10. Record Number: 20611
Author(s): Klinck, Anne L
Contributor(s):
Title : To have and to hold: The Bridewealth of Wives and the "Mund" of Widows in Anglo-Saxon England [The author examine women's status, particularly brides and widows, and the control that men exercised over them. Klinck brings in Anglo-Saxon vocabulary from legal sources as evidence. She also considers recent historiographic developments. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Nottingham Medieval Studies , 51., ( 2007): Pages 231 - 245.
Year of Publication: 2007.

11. Record Number: 23595
Author(s): Marinkovic, Ana
Contributor(s):
Title : Si et in quantum: The Role of Papal Dispensations in Matrimonial Contracts of Fifteenth Century Ragusa [The author has found five instances in which dispensations figured in the marriage contracts of elite families in fifteenth century Ragusa. Any dispensation was supposed to predate transfer of the bride to the groom's home. Couples who did not wait for a dispensation had to seek absolution and legitimization of offspring. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: ... et usque ad ultimum terrae: The Apostolic Penitentiary in Local Contexts Edited by Gerhard Jaritz, Torstein Jørgensen, and Kirsi Salonen Ceu Medievalia . Central European University Press, 2007. Nottingham Medieval Studies , 51., ( 2007): Pages 61 - 69.
Year of Publication: 2007.

12. Record Number: 20357
Author(s): Fabbri, Lorenzo
Contributor(s):
Title : I carteggi familiari degli Strozzi e il tema del matrimonio: un'esperienza di ricerca [Private papers like those of the Strozzi family cast light on marriage negotiations in fifteenth century Florence. The letters of Alessandra Strozzi and Marco Pareti, her brother-in-law, reveal personal qualities sought in the brides for her sons, as well as practical issues like dowry. The character and appearance of the prospective bride were as important as the size of her dowry. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Mélanges de l'Ecole française de Rome. Moyen âge , 117., 1 ( 2005): Pages 223 - 237.
Year of Publication: 2005.

13. Record Number: 21343
Author(s): Bellavitis, Anna
Contributor(s):
Title : A proposito di "Men and Women in Renaissance Venice" di Stanley Chojnacki

Source: Quaderni Storici , 118., 1 ( 2005): Pages 203 - 238.
Year of Publication: 2005.

14. Record Number: 14135
Author(s): Baskin, Judith R.
Contributor(s):
Title : Medieval Jewish Models of Marriage [The author discusses a variety of aspects relating to Jewish marriage both in Christian and Muslim regions. Specific topics include Rabbinic law, Jewish mysticism, documentary evidence, sexual relationships between Jews and non-Jews, and Jewish wedding c

Source: The Medieval Marriage Scene: Prudence, Passion, Policy. Edited by Sherry Roush and Cristelle L. Baskins . Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2005. Nottingham Medieval Studies , 51., ( 2007): Pages 1 - 22.
Year of Publication: 2005.

15. Record Number: 21331
Author(s): Soldani, Maria Elisa
Contributor(s):
Title : Alleanze matrimoniali e strategie patrimoniali nella Barcellona del XV secolo: i mercanti toscani fra integrazione e consolidamento della ricchezza [Italian merchants resident in Barcelona might choose to stay, becoming permanent residents, or return home later. These decisions affected their strategies for marriage, both for themselves and their children. Intermarriages with citizen families of Barcelona helped Italian families assimilate. Women, especially widows, played important roles in the social and economic life of the Italian merchant community. The appendix presents documents in the divorce of Joan Boffill and Giovanna della Setta, 1455. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Archivio Storico Italiano , 162., 1 ( 2004): Pages 667 - 696.
Year of Publication: 2004.

16. Record Number: 28213
Author(s): Brizio, Elena
Contributor(s):
Title : La dote nella normativa statutaria e nella pratica testamentaria Senese (fine sec. XII- metà sec. XIV) [Sienese law imposed limits on women's control of property, but women were able to enjoy some legal protections. These included having their dowries protected from an insolvent husband and restitution of dowry when widowed. Women also could be guardians of minor children, and they disposed of property through wills. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Bullettino Senese di Storia Patria , 111., ( 2004): Pages 9 - 39.
Year of Publication: 2004.

17. Record Number: 8706
Author(s): de Trafford, Claire.
Contributor(s):
Title : Share and Share Alike? The Marriage Portion, Inheritance, and Family Politics [The author explores the use of the marriage portion or "maritagium" given by the bride's family, usually in the form of land or rents. Since wives had a say in the disposal of their "maritagia," it tended to increase their status in the family. Also there was an effort to provide for all children, including daughters, rather than the later emphasis on a sole male heir with primogeniture. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Studies on Medieval and Early Modern Women: Pawns or Players? Edited by Christine Meek and Catherine Lawless . Four Courts Press, 2003. Speculum , 78., 2 (April 2003): Pages 36 - 48.
Year of Publication: 2003.

18. Record Number: 19983
Author(s): Mulè, Viviana
Contributor(s):
Title : L'Inventario dei beni dell'Infanta Isabella d'Aragona prima contessa di Caltabellotta [The author discusses the inventory of goods belonging to Isabella of Aragon, daughter of Frederick III of Sicily and wife of Raymond, count of Caltabellotta. The inventory was prepared in 1334 in connection with her will when Isabella was a widow. She had earlier brought lands and moveable goods to her husband, one of her father's lieutenants. In her inventory Isabella possessed many valuble objects, both secular and religious, including silks and pearls. The appendix presents two transcribed documents in Latin: 1) Inventory of the goods of Isabella of Caltabellotta (1334) and 2) Excerpt from Rosario Gregorio's "Biblioteca scriptorum qui res in Sicilia gestas sub Aragonum imperio retulere," concerning events in 1338. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Schede Medievali , 41., (gennaio-dicembre 2003): Pages 69 - 96.
Year of Publication: 2003.

19. Record Number: 9651
Author(s): Kuehn, Thomas.
Contributor(s):
Title : Family Solidarity in Exile and in Law: Alberti Lawsuits of the Early Quattrocento [The author examines two legal cases brought by the Alberti family in the early fifteenth century. Various members of the family were exiled from Florence for plotting against the government. In some cases Alberti wives were left in Florence to manage wha

Source: Speculum , 78., 2 (April 2003): Pages 421 - 439.
Year of Publication: 2003.

20. Record Number: 8084
Author(s): Kirshner, Julius.
Contributor(s):
Title : Li Emergenti Bisogni Matrimoniali in Renaissance Florence

Source: Society and Individual in Renaissance Florence. Edited by William J. Connell . University of California Press, 2002. Schede Medievali , 41., (gennaio-dicembre 2003): Pages 79 - 109. Reprinted in Marriage, Dowry, and Citizenship in Late Medieval and Renaissance Italy. Written by Julius Kirshner. University of Toronto Press, 2015. Pages 55-73.
Year of Publication: 2002.

21. Record Number: 6943
Author(s): Marchetto, Giuliano.
Contributor(s):
Title : Matrimoni incerti tra dottrina e prassi: un "consilium sapientis iudiciale" di Baldo degli Ubaldi (1327-1400) [The jurist Baldus de Ubaldis was asked to advise an appellate judge in the case of a man seeking the dowry of a girl with whom he contracted but did not consummate marriage. A statute of Vicenza favored consummation as the most important element in marriage, contrary to the learned law. Baldus advised in his "consilium" that the husband had not sustained the burdens of marriage, and therefore he had no right to the dowry. (The text of the "consilium" is found on pp. 104-105.) Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Matrimoni in dubbio: unioni controverse e nozze clandestine in Italia dal XIV al XVIII secolo. Edited by Silvana Seidel Menchi and Diego Quaglioni . Mulino, 2001. Schede Medievali , 41., (gennaio-dicembre 2003): Pages 83 - 105.
Year of Publication: 2001.

22. Record Number: 6944
Author(s): Meek, Christine.
Contributor(s):
Title : Un unione incerta: la vicenda di Neria, figlia dell‚organista, e di Baldassare, mercaio pistoiese (Lucca, 1396-1397)

23. Record Number: 7056
Author(s): Chojnacki, Stanley.
Contributor(s):
Title : Valori patrizi nel tribunale patriarcale: Girolamo da Mula e Marietta Soranzo (Venezia 1460) [Venetian ecclesiastical tribunals often had to balance canon law and political considerations. Giovanni Gabriel was able to argue successfully the importance of the disparate social stranding of Orsa Dolfin and himself. Girolamo da Mula, however, was unsuccessful in using a similar argument to deny that he was married to Marietta Soranzo. Her family was noble and simply out of favor politically. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

24. Record Number: 10209
Author(s): Laiou, Angeliki E.
Contributor(s):
Title : Women in the Marketplace of Constantinople 10th - 14th Centuries [The author surveys the evidence for women's activities in the market as hawkers, shop owners, investors, textile workers, and other roles. Laiou also explores the links between these economic activities and both dowry and family networks. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Byzantine Constantinople: Monuments, Topography, and Everyday Life. Edited by Nevra Necipoglu. The Medieval Mediterranean: Peoples, Economies, and Cultures, 400-1453, Volume 33 Medieval Mediterranean, 33. Brill, 2001. Schede Medievali , 41., (gennaio-dicembre 2003): Pages 261 - 273.
Year of Publication: 2001.

25. Record Number: 6748
Author(s): Kuehn, Thomas.
Contributor(s):
Title : Daughters, Mothers, Wives, and Widows: Women as Legal Persons [The author traces women's legal agency across the life span; each phase had its limits even widowhood in which many women had to struggle for the return of their dowry or accept remarriage at their natal family's behest].

26. Record Number: 5718
Author(s): Kent, Dale.
Contributor(s):
Title : Women in Renaissance Florence [the author gives a brief overview of the factors and attendant evidence that characterized the lives of Florentine noble women including marriage and the painted wedding chests (cassone), childbirth and the celebratory birth trays, clothing and sumptuary laws, religious devotion, and death].

Source: Virtue and Beauty: Leonardo's "Ginevra de'Benci" and Renaissance Portraits of Women." Catalog of an exhibition held Sept. 30, 2001-Jan. 6, 2002 at the National Gallery of Art. Edited by David Alan Brown et al.; with contributions by Elizabeth Cropper and Eleonora Luciano. . National Gallery of Art in association with Princeton University Press, 2001. Schede Medievali , 41., (gennaio-dicembre 2003): Pages 24 - 47.
Year of Publication: 2001.

27. Record Number: 6747
Author(s): Chojnacki, Stanley.
Contributor(s):
Title : Getting Back the Dowry: Venice, c. 1360-1530 [the author explores the dowry system for the elite in Venice; he is particularly interested in the relationships within natal and marital families both in terms of widows seeking dowry restitution and for husbands-to-be seeking ways to guarantee their brides' dowries; in both cases the dowry system made women active and vital participants in familial networks].

Source: Time, Space, and Women's Lives in Early Modern Europe. Edited by Anne Jackson Schutte, Thomas Kuehn, and Silvana Seidel Menchi Sixteenth Century Essays and Studies, 57. Truman State University Press, 2001. Schede Medievali , 41., (gennaio-dicembre 2003): Pages 77 - 96. Republished as Getting Back the Dowry. By Stanley Chojnacki. Women and Men in Renaissance Venice: Twelve Essays on Patrician Society. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000. Pages 95-111.
Year of Publication: 2001.

28. Record Number: 7169
Author(s): Muzzarelli, Maria Giuseppina.
Contributor(s):
Title : Seta posseduta et seta consentita: dalle aspirazioni individuali alle norme suntuarie nel basso medioevo [Regulation of the use of silk, like all sumptuary norms, reinforced social distinctions, preventing people from posing as members of a higher social class. Not just wearing silk, but wearing different types of the fabric was regulated. Regulation differed by sex and by the status of a woman's husband or father. Silk, however, though regulated, was not the greatest concern of the Italian legislators. Nevertheless it does appear frequently in dowries. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: La seta in Italia dal Medioevo al Seicento. Dal baco al drappo. Edited by Luca Molà, Reinhold C. Mueller, and Claudio Zanier . Marsilio, 2000. Schede Medievali , 41., (gennaio-dicembre 2003): Pages 211 - 232.
Year of Publication: 2000.

29. Record Number: 5447
Author(s): Meek, Christine.
Contributor(s):
Title : Women Between the Law and Social Reality in Early Renaissance Lucca [The author examines cases in which women claimed their dowries, either because their husbands had died or because their husbands' finances were very precarious].

Source: Women in Italian Renaissance Culture and Society. Edited by Letizia Panizza . European Humanities Research Centre, University of Oxford, 2000. Schede Medievali , 41., (gennaio-dicembre 2003): Pages 182 - 193.
Year of Publication: 2000.

30. Record Number: 3836
Author(s): Botticini, Maristella.
Contributor(s):
Title : A Loveless Economy? Intergenerational Altruism and the Marriage Market in a Tuscan Town, 1415-1436 [The author sees dowry as a marriage payment and as an intergenerational transfer; the statistical data that the author gathers argues that the larger the bride's contribution (in youth, status, etc.), the smaller her dowry; large dowries were given by al

Source: Journal of Economic History (Full Text via JSTOR) 59, 1 (March 1999): 104-121. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1999.

31. Record Number: 4001
Author(s): Bestor, Jane Fair.
Contributor(s):
Title : Marriage Transactions in Renaissance Italy and Mauss's "Essay on the Gift" [The author focuses on the gifts that the groom gave the bride including jewelry, ornaments, and rich clothing; by the fifteenth century grooms retained use over these expensive items and often rented them out or sold them.]

Source: Past and Present (Full Text via JSTOR) 164 (August 1999): 6-46. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1999.

32. Record Number: 3770
Author(s): Angelos, Mark.
Contributor(s):
Title : Urban Women, Investment, and the Commercial Revolution of the Middle Ages

Source: Women in Medieval Western European Culture. Edited by Linda E. Mitchell . Garland Publishing, 1999. Pages 257 - 272.
Year of Publication: 1999.

33. Record Number: 3940
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Women and the Household Economy in the Preindustrial Period: An Assessment of "Women, Work, and Family" [The author reassesses the work of Louise A. Tilly and Joan W. Scott, "Women, Work, and Family" (1978) in terms of recent scholarship on medieval women's economic contributions].

Source: Journal of Women's History (Full Text via Project Muse) 11, 3 (Autumn 1999): 10-16. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1999.

34. Record Number: 5586
Author(s): Fazio, Ida.
Contributor(s):
Title : Le ricchezze e le donne: Verso una ri-problematizzazione [much of the recent scholarship on women in the Middle Ages focuses on patrimony; this includes the study of legal norms, especially those of Roman law, applied to dowry; asymmetrical family strategies, in which women benefited less than men did, are crucial to these studies, although scholars disagree on specific interpretations].

Source: Quaderni Storici , 2 (Agosto 1999): Pages 539 - 555.
Year of Publication: 1999.

35. Record Number: 7363
Author(s): Kaplan, Michel.
Contributor(s):
Title : L'Aristocrate byzantine et sa Fortune [The author explores a number of cases where wealthy noble women administered their estates themselves and disposed of their properties and other goods. The women profiled include Danielis, a weathy and powerful noble woman associated with Emperor Basil I, Eudocie Bourion, who sold some of her dowry lands while her husband was still alive, Empress Irene Doukaina, Kale Basiliake, a wealthy young woman who became a nun upon her husband's death. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Femmes et pouvoirs des femmes à Byzance et en Occident (VIe -XIe siècles). Colloque international organisé les 28, 29 et 30 mars 1996 à Bruxelles et Villeneuve d'Ascq. Edited by Stéphane Lebecq, Alain Dierkens, Régine Le Jan, and Jean-Marie Sansterre . Centre de Recherche sur l'Histoire de l'Europe du Nord-Ouest, Université Charles de Gaulle-Lille 3, 1999. Quaderni Storici , 2 (Agosto 1999): Pages 205 - 226.
Year of Publication: 1999.

36. Record Number: 4761
Author(s): Chabot, Isabelle.
Contributor(s):
Title : Lineage Strategies and the Control of Widows in Renaissance Florence [The author argues that to ensure the male monopoly over wealth and power, men manipulated maternity (ranging from relationships with children to inheritance) for the interests of their patrilineage].

Source: Widowhood in Medieval and Early Modern Europe. Edited by Sandra Cavallo and Lyndan Warner . Women and Men in History. Longman, 1999. Quaderni Storici , 2 (Agosto 1999): Pages 127 - 144.
Year of Publication: 1999.

37. Record Number: 3763
Author(s): Reyerson, Kathryn and Thomas Kuehn
Contributor(s):
Title : Women and Law in France and Italy [both authors provide an introductory overview; Reyerson briefly surveys inheritance, marriage, dowries, womens' ability to do business, and crimes including prostitution; Kuehn briefly surveys inheritance, dowry, and guardianship].

Source: Women in Medieval Western European Culture. Edited by Linda E. Mitchell . Garland Publishing, 1999. Schede Medievali , 41., (gennaio-dicembre 2003): Pages 131 - 141.
Year of Publication: 1999.

38. Record Number: 3666
Author(s): Guzzetti, Linda.
Contributor(s):
Title : Separations and Separated Couples in Fourteenth-Century Venice [The author studies the cases of sixteen couples; the appendix includes the sources and amounts of dowry and maintenance for each case].

Source: Marriage in Italy, 1300-1650. Edited by Trevor Dean and K. J. P. Lowe . Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pages 249 - 274.
Year of Publication: 1998.

39. Record Number: 4619
Author(s): Klapisch-Zuber, Christiane.
Contributor(s):
Title : The "Cruel Mother": Maternity, Widowhood, and Dowry in Florence in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries [The author examines the plight of widows who were frequently forced to remarry by their natal families and leave their children behind with the first husbands' kin].

Source: Debating the Middle Ages: Issues and Readings. Edited by Lester K. Little and Barbara H. Rosenwein . Blackwell Publishers, 1998. Pages 264 - 276. Originally published in Women, Family, and Ritual in Renaissance Italy. University of Chicago Press, 1985. Pages 117-131. Also reprinted in Feminism and Renaissance Studies. Edited by Lorna Hutson. Oxford Reading in Feminism series. Oxford University Pres
Year of Publication: 1998.

40. Record Number: 5582
Author(s): Valori, Alessandro.
Contributor(s):
Title : L'Onore femminile attraverso l'epistolario di Margherita e Francesco Datini da Prato [Francesco Datini, a merchant of Prato, has left us many letters detailing his business dealings and his anxieties; one goal was to return from doing business abroad to his wife and his household; to this end he married a much younger woman, Margherita Bandini; Francesco shared the common assumptions of his day and class about women needing male tutelage and marriages creating alliances between families, as well as the importance of dowries; Datini's ideas of honor, applied to his wife and his illegitimate daughter, are based on submission and service to the family; Margherita too internalized these values, even though she was childless].

Source: Giornale Storico della Letteratura Italiana , 175., ( 1998): Pages 53 - 83.
Year of Publication: 1998.

41. Record Number: 5821
Author(s): Guzzetti, Linda.
Contributor(s):
Title : Le Donne a Venezia nel XIV secolo: Uno studia sulla loro presenza nella società e nella famiglia [Wills offer us insights into women's lives in 14th-century Venice; these wills are the more revealing because both civil penalties and religious sanctions protected a woman's testamentary freedom; women were the most frequent testators in Venice, helping establish wills as the usual means of disposing of property; and women could witness wills, though the testimony of two women was required to be equal to that of one man; this article traces social patterns by gender, marital status, and class of bequests documented in these Venetial wills; women disposed of dowries and moveable property, thus playing a larger private than public role].

Source: Studi Veneziani , 35., ( 1998): Pages 15 - 88.
Year of Publication: 1998.

42. Record Number: 9549
Author(s): Allegrezza, Franca.
Contributor(s):
Title : Legami di affinita nel baronato romano: il caso degli Orsini (xiii-xiv secc.) [Beginning in the early13th century, marriages united Rome's new nobility. The Orsini are a notable example of this homogenous group of nobles. Eventually branches of the Orsini clan began to intermarry. Beginning in the reign of the Orsini pope Nicholas III (1277-1280), the family began to diversify its marriage strategy by intermarrying with noble families from central and Southern Italy. Still, it tried to keep inheritance from dispersing the family's patrimony to daughters, bastards, and sons in the clergy. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Le ricchezze delle donne: Diritti patrimoniali e poteri familiari in Italia (xiii-xix secc.). Edited by Giulia Calvi and Isabelle Chabot . Rosenberg & Sellier, 1998. Studi Veneziani , 35., ( 1998): Pages 21 - 41.
Year of Publication: 1998.

43. Record Number: 15503
Author(s): Precopi Lombardo, Annamaria
Contributor(s):
Title : La Condizione femminile nelle comunità ebraiche di Sicilia [The late medieval Jewish community in Sicily maintained commercial, religious, and linguistic contacts throughout the Mediterranean region. Daughters of Sicilian Jewish families were treated like guests in their houses until they married. A young bride was expected to bring her husband a dowry and bear children. Royal law recognized Jewish legal norms and rites of marriage, except where Sicilian law differed from Jewish law. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Archivio Storico Siciliano , 24., 1 ( 1998): Pages 94 - 119.
Year of Publication: 1998.

44. Record Number: 3664
Author(s): Cohn, Samuel Kline Jr.
Contributor(s):
Title : Marriage in the Mountains: The Florentine Territorial State, 1348- 1500 [the author analyzes peasant marriage patterns in three regions, one in the plains and two in the mountains; dowry prices suggest that society was less egalitarian in the mountains than in the plains; the distances between spouses suggest that the people in the mountains were much less insular than those in the plains in which a third married within their own village].

Source: Marriage in Italy, 1300-1650. Edited by Trevor Dean and K. J. P. Lowe . Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pages 174 - 196.
Year of Publication: 1998.

45. Record Number: 3663
Author(s): Chojnacki, Stanley.
Contributor(s):
Title : Nobility, Women and the State: Marriage Regulation in Venice, 1420-1535

Source: Marriage in Italy, 1300-1650. Edited by Trevor Dean and K. J. P. Lowe . Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pages 128 - 151. Republished in slightly altered form as Marriage Regulation in Venice, 1420-1535. By Stanley Chojnacki. Women and Men in Renaissance Venice: Twelve Essays on Patrician Society. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000. Pages 53-75.
Year of Publication: 1998.

46. Record Number: 2324
Author(s): Smail, Daniel Lord.
Contributor(s):
Title : Démanteler le patrimoine. Les femmes et les biens dans la Marseille médiévale

Source: Annales : Histoire, Sciences Sociales , 52., 2 (mars-avril 1997): Pages 343 - 368.
Year of Publication: 1997.

47. Record Number: 2860
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Joncvrouwen, hydrauden, clercken ende missagiere: Bräute und Boten als Spiegel der bayerisch-holländischen Kommunikation um 1390

Source: Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik , 48., ( 1997): Pages 87 - 113.
Year of Publication: 1997.

48. Record Number: 666
Author(s): Jaski, Bart.
Contributor(s):
Title : Marriage Laws in Ireland and on the Continent in the Early Middle Ages

Source: The Fragility of Her Sex?: Medieval Irishwomen in Their European Context. Edited by Christine Meek and Katherine Simms . Four Courts Press, 1996. Medieval Prosopography , 17., 2 (Autumn 1996): Pages 16 - 42.
Year of Publication: 1996.

49. Record Number: 7447
Author(s): Piccinni, Gabriella.
Contributor(s):
Title : Le Donne nella vita economica, sociale e politica dell'Italia medievale [The historiography of women and work in Italy now gives more attention to the Middle Ages and to regional studies which cast light on local differences. The documentation is incomplete, especially where a woman's work may be lumped together with her husband's or their kin. This is particularly true of artisan work in cities and towns. Women also were intensively involved in agriculture. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Il Lavoro delle donne. Edited by Angela Groppi . Storia delle donne in Italia. Editori Laterza, 1996. Medieval Prosopography , 17., 2 (Autumn 1996): Pages 5 - 46.
Year of Publication: 1996.

50. Record Number: 7448
Author(s): Chabot, Isabelle.
Contributor(s):
Title : Risorse e diritti patrimoniali [The Black Death (1348) frequently put wealth into the hands of women by killing off male heirs. Subsequent efforts to limit a daughter's property to her dowry was counterbalanced by inheritance through wills. Roman law gave women an equal claim on an inheritance, but Italian statutes severely limited that right. The cities also were slow to let women inherit where any male heirs existed. Birth families often struggled with husbands over control of the daughter's dowry and had to claim restitution if the husband predeceased the wife. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Il Lavoro delle donne. Edited by Angela Groppi . Storia delle donne in Italia. Editori Laterza, 1996. Medieval Prosopography , 17., 2 (Autumn 1996): Pages 47 - 70.
Year of Publication: 1996.

51. Record Number: 745
Author(s): Kreutz, Barbara M.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Twilight of "Morgengabe" [dowries and inheritance of women under Lombard law contrasted with those in Amalfi where Roman law was practiced ].

Source: Portraits of Medieval and Renaissance Living: Essays in Honor of David Herlihy. Edited by Samual K. Cohn, Jr. and Steven A. Epstein . University of Michigan Press, 1996. Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik , 48., ( 1997): Pages 131 - 147.
Year of Publication: 1996.

52. Record Number: 546
Author(s): Kuehn, Thomas.
Contributor(s):
Title : Understanding Gender Inequality in Renaissance Florence: Personhood and Gifts of Maternal Inheritance by Women

Source: Journal of Women's History , 8., 2 (Summer 1996): Pages 58 - 80.
Year of Publication: 1996.

53. Record Number: 708
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Dowry and inheritance Patterns: Some Examples from the Descendants of King Henry I of England

Source: Medieval Prosopography , 17., 2 (Autumn 1996): Pages 45 - 61.
Year of Publication: 1996.

54. Record Number: 682
Author(s): Meek, Christine E.
Contributor(s):
Title : Women, Dowries, and the Family in Late Medieval Italian Cities [emphasis is on upper class families with a brief consideration of artisans and peasants].

55. Record Number: 1356
Author(s): Skinner, Patricia.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Possessions of Lombard Women in Italy [charters, wills, and dowry lists give evidence of women's moveable property including clothing, jewelry, furniture, tools, cooking utensils, and cloth].

Source: Medieval Life , 2., (Spring 1995): Pages 8 - 11.
Year of Publication: 1995.

56. Record Number: 6011
Author(s): Meek, Christine.
Contributor(s):
Title : La donna, la famiglia, e la legge nell'epoca di Ilaria del Carretto [the limits imposed on Italian women were imposed in Lucca as they were elsewhere; law and practice, however, could differ, often to the women's advantage; women can be found bringing suits claiming that they had been coerced by their families into marriages to which they had not consented; wives of insolvent husbands can be found petitioning for restitution of their dowries; widows can be found serving as guardians of their minor children without the advice or consent of their late husbands' kin].

Source: Ilaria del Carretto e il suo monumento: la donna nell'arte, la cultura, e la società del '400. Atti del convegno Internazionale di Studi, 15-16-17 Settembre, 1994, Palazzo Ducale, Lucca. Edited by Stéphane Toussaint. Translated by Clotilde Soave Bowe. . Edizioni S. Marco Litotipo, 1995. Medieval Life , 2., (Spring 1995): Pages 137 - 163.
Year of Publication: 1995.

57. Record Number: 438
Author(s): Howell, Martha.
Contributor(s):
Title : Rewriting Marriage in Late Medieval Douai [from emphasis on the conjugal pair to the interests of the next generation].

Source: Romanic Review , 86., 2 (March 1995): Pages 307 - 337. Special issue: The Production of Knowledge: Institutionalizing Sex, Gender, and Sexualiity in Medieval Discourse. Ed. by Kathryn Gravdal.
Year of Publication: 1995.

58. Record Number: 5036
Author(s): Mineo, E. Igor.
Contributor(s):
Title : Formazione delle élites urbane nella Sicilia del tardo medioevo: Matrimonio e sistemi di successione [Sicilian customs of inheritance recognized the rights of male and female kin and granted women wide property rights; by the fourteenth century the nobility favored the paternal line, but urban inheritances frequently followed customary norms; eventually the desire to conserve patrimony led to wider imitation of feudal practices, excluding daughters from inheriting; daughters were given dowries, and only sons could share in the family inheritance].

Source: Quaderni Storici , 1 (aprile 1995): Pages 9 - 41.
Year of Publication: 1995.

59. Record Number: 1006
Author(s): Reisinger, Roman.
Contributor(s):
Title : Les Femmes Catalanes à travers leurs testaments (938-1131)

Source: La Femme dans l' histoire et la société méridionales (IXe-XIXe S.): Actes du 66e congrés. . Fédération historique du Languedoc méditerranéen et du Roussillon, 1995. Quaderni Storici , 1 (aprile 1995): Pages 91 - 101.
Year of Publication: 1995.

60. Record Number: 1009
Author(s): Falcón-Pérez, Maria Isabel.
Contributor(s):
Title : Le marriage en Aragon au XVe siècle [examines ecclesiastical court documents from Zaragoza in which marriages are contested by one spouse or the family of a spouse].

61. Record Number: 34
Author(s): McKee, Sally.
Contributor(s):
Title : Households in Fourteenth-Century Venetian Crete

Source: Speculum (Full Text via JSTOR) 70 (1995): 27-67. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1995.

62. Record Number: 1569
Author(s): Stafford, Pauline
Contributor(s):
Title : Women and the Norman Conquest [argues against both an Anglo-Saxon golden age for women and the view of the Norman Conquest as a major turning point for noble women's status].

Source: Edited by Lester K. Little and Barbara H. Rosenwein Transactions of the Royal Historical Society. Sixth Series , 4., ( 1994): Pages 221 - 249. Later reprinted in Debating the Middle Ages: Issues and Readings. Edited by Lester K. Little and Barbara H. Rosenwein. Blackwell Publishers, 1998. Pages 254-263. Reprinted in Gender, Family and the Legitimation of Power: England from the Ninth to Early Tw
Year of Publication: 1994.

63. Record Number: 3557
Author(s): Stuard, Susan Mosher.
Contributor(s):
Title : Burdens of Matrimony: Husbanding and Gender in Medieval Italy [The author argues that the emerging role for husbands as the custodians of their wives and their wives' properties restricted men's lives].

Source: Medieval Masculinities: Regarding Men in the Middle Ages. Edited by Clare A. Lees with the assistance of Thelma Fenster and Jo Ann McNamara Medieval Cultures, 7. University of Minnesota Press, 1994. Medieval Life , 2., (Spring 1995): Pages 61 - 71. Later reprinted in Debating the Middle Ages: Issues and Readings. Edited by Lester K. Little and Barbara H. Rosenwein. Blackwell Publishers, 1998. Pages 290-298. Also reprinted in Considering Medieval Women and Gender. Susan Mosher Stuard. Ashgate Variorum, 2010. Chapter III.
Year of Publication: 1994.

64. Record Number: 5301
Author(s): Chabot, Isabelle.
Contributor(s):
Title : La Sposa in Nero. La Ritualizzazione del Lutto delle Vedove Fiorentine (Secoli XIV-XV) [the Italian dowry system gave the husband temporary control of additional property, but his death deprived his paternal kin group of that property ; Florentine marriage ceremonies emphasized an exchange of gifts, but these rituals did not always include permanent transfer of the objects given; a new widow was dressed in mourning by her husband's family to display family solidarity, but any effort to leave the home or remarry was resisted, partly because property would pass out of the family's control; a marriageable widow might be returned to her birth family in a procession mirroring the earlier one to her husband's house on her wedding day; a long-term trend, however, saw the husband's family gain a greater share of the goods the wife had brought to the marriage].

Source: Quaderni Storici , 2 (agosto 1994): Pages 421 - 462.
Year of Publication: 1994.

65. Record Number: 1542
Author(s): Klassen, John M.
Contributor(s):
Title : The Challenge of Marriage through the Eyes of a Fifteenth Century Noble Woman

Source: Husitství-Reformace-Renesance. Sborník K 60. narozeninám Frantis?ka S?mahela. Edited by Jaroslav Pánek, Miloslav Polívka, and Noemi Rejchrtová in collaboration with Jaroslav Boubín and Jaroslav Láník Práce Historického Ústavu Cav Opera Instituti Historici Pragae . Historicky ustav, 1994. Quaderni Storici , 2 (agosto 1994): Pages 649 - 660.
Year of Publication: 1994.

66. Record Number: 1840
Author(s): Esposito, Anna.
Contributor(s):
Title : Ad dotandum puellas virgines, pauperes et honestas: Social Needs and Confraternal Charity in Rome in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries

Source: Renaissance and Reformation/Renaissance et Réforme New Series , 18., 2 ( 1994): Pages 5 - 18.
Year of Publication: 1994.

67. Record Number: 8735
Author(s): Kleimola, Ann M.
Contributor(s):
Title : In Accordance with the Canons of the Holy Apostles: Muscovite Dowries and Women’s Property Rights [The author argues that women’s property rights and management responsibilities through both dowries and inheritance increased during the sixteenth centurybut were significantly restricted in the following century. The chief concern became to allot all l

Source: Russian Review (Full Text via JSTOR) 51, 2 (April 1992): 204-229. Link Info
Year of Publication: 1992.

68. Record Number: 6681
Author(s): Klapisch-Zuber, Christiane.
Contributor(s):
Title : Un Salario o l'onore: come valutare le donne Fiorentine del XIV- XV secolo [in Renaissance Italy, a married woman's honor was incompatible with such public functions as gainful employment; an unmarried woman or a widow was more likely to seek employment, although a married woman might make thread or cloth at home; the married woman's economic identity was supposed to be submerged in that of her husband].

Source: Quaderni Storici , 1 (aprile 1992): Pages 41 - 49.
Year of Publication: 1992.

69. Record Number: 8575
Author(s): Bennett, Judith M.
Contributor(s):
Title : Widows in the Medieval English Countryside [The author, while arguing that widows took an active part in the legal issues of households in rural medieval England, also explores the problematics of their legal status. Title note supplied by Feminae.].

Source: Upon My Husband's Death: Widows in the Literature and Histories of Medieval Europe. Edited by Louise Mirrer Studies in Medieval and Early Modern Civilization . University of Michigan Press, 1992. Quaderni Storici , 1 (aprile 1992): Pages 69 - 114.
Year of Publication: 1992.

70. Record Number: 28006
Author(s):
Contributor(s): Treharne, R. E., selector
Title : The Petition of the Barons, May 1258, Sections 1-6 [Reforms the magnates put forward included free entry for heirs (including daughters) with no profits taken by the bailiffs. Further they asked that the king not “disparage” women when arranging their marriages by giving them to foreign-born husbands. Later in the petition in Section 27 (pp. 88-89), the barons stipulated that a woman’s dowry upon her death without children should revert to her father or brother. In addition they wanted widows to no longer be allowed to give, sell, or enfeoff their dowries. They argued that the dowries were conditional gifts and should revert to the man who gave it or to his heirs. Title note supplied by Feminae.]

Source: Documents of the Baronial Movement of Reform and Rebellion 1258-1267. Edited by I. J. Sanders Oxford Medieval Texts . Clarendon Press, 1973. Pages 76 - 81.
Year of Publication: 1973.

71. Record Number: 38094
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : Annunciation

Source:
Year of Publication:

72. Record Number: 39180
Author(s):
Contributor(s):
Title : The Story of Griselda. Detail from Part II, Exile

Source:
Year of Publication: